【摘要】：多氯聯(lián)苯,簡稱PCBs,定義為聯(lián)苯苯環(huán)上的氫被氯取代而形成的多氯化合物。多氯聯(lián)苯(PCBs)屬于環(huán)境中的持久性有機污染物(POPs)之一,由于其存在對人類和自然環(huán)境的嚴(yán)重危害,而日益受到人們的關(guān)注和重視。本文首先分析了多氯聯(lián)苯在土壤中的吸附/解吸行為,認(rèn)為土壤中影響多氯聯(lián)苯吸附的主要影響因子為土壤中有機質(zhì)含量和土壤顆粒大小。在此基礎(chǔ)上,進行了土柱淋溶實驗,模擬多氯聯(lián)苯在包氣帶中,隨水下滲的動態(tài)過程,研究不同水力條件及土壤理化性質(zhì)等條件下,多氯聯(lián)苯在包氣帶中的吸附、彌散和遷移的行為。結(jié)果表明,多氯聯(lián)苯在土壤中的遷移很緩慢,隨著有機質(zhì)含量的增加,多氯聯(lián)苯的遷移情況變?nèi)?遷移更加緩慢;在不同水力條件下,由于水的下滲作用,給多氯聯(lián)苯的遷移提供了驅(qū)動力,當(dāng)水流速度增大時,多氯聯(lián)苯向深層土壤遷移速度變快,遷移深度也相對增加;多氯聯(lián)苯的遷移和土壤中有機質(zhì)含量的高低呈一定的正相關(guān)關(guān)系,與水力條件的大小也呈一定的正相關(guān)關(guān)系。在實驗的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了PCBs在土壤包氣帶中的遷移模型,模型較好的反映了PCBs在土壤中的遷移規(guī)律。最后探討了PCBs在土壤中的轉(zhuǎn)化方式,將微生物的代謝作為PCBs的主要轉(zhuǎn)化方式,其中,溫度和土壤中包含的電子供體和電子受體是影響PCBs轉(zhuǎn)化的主要影響因素。
[Abstract]:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), called PCBs, are defined as polychlorinated compounds formed by the substitution of the hydrogen on the biphenyl benzene ring with chlorine. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are one of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the environment. In this paper, the adsorption/ desorption behavior of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the soil is analyzed firstly, and the main influencing factors that influence the adsorption of polychlorinated biphenyls in the soil are the organic matter content and the soil particle size in the soil. The adsorption, dispersion and migration of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the gas-containing zone under the conditions of different hydraulic conditions and physical and chemical properties were studied. The results show that the migration of polychlorinated biphenyls in the soil is very slow, with the increase of the organic matter content, the migration of the polychlorinated biphenyls is weakened and the migration is more slow; under different hydraulic conditions, the migration of the polychlorinated biphenyls provides a driving force for the migration of the polychlorinated biphenyls, When the velocity of the water flow is increased, the migration velocity of the polychlorinated biphenyls to the deep soil is fast, and the migration depth is also relatively increased; the migration of the polychlorinated biphenyls and the content of the organic matter in the soil are positively related, and the size of the hydraulic conditions is also positively related. On the basis of the experiment, the migration model of the PCBs in the soil-wrapped gas belt is established, and the migration law of the PCBs in the soil is better reflected. In the end, the transformation of the PCBs in the soil is discussed, and the metabolism of the microorganisms is used as the main conversion mode of the PCBs. The temperature and the electron donor and the electron acceptor included in the soil are the main influencing factors that affect the conversion of the PCBs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X53

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 歐陽卓智;變化生境下土壤—底泥POPs柱狀分層比較研究[D];安徽理工大學(xué);2017年

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本文編號：2462726