船舶低硫減排方案差異化研究
[Abstract]:Emission control standards have been used in land industry for many years, and control standards are increasingly stringent. Shipping has proved to be a major source of sulfides and particulate pollutants in some regions. Even if the shipping industry is the most environmentally friendly mode of transportation, there will still be room for improvement. The shipping industry's first sulfide emission code began in 2005, giving shipowners enough time to slowly adapt. Initially, the IMO code included two emission control areas: the Baltic and North Seas, and areas within 200 nautical miles of the North American coastline. The current marine fuel oil has a maximum sulphide content of 1 percent, but the 0.1 percent standard will be applied from 2015 onwards and will be targeted at all ships sailing in the above-mentioned waters. The International Maritime Organization and the European Union, as well as the relevant local legal norms in emission control areas, will take action to enforce them. Thousands of ships sailing in these areas or heading for Europe or North America will have to adapt to regulations, replace ship fuel or phase out heavy polluting equipment. If ship fuel is switched to MGO (marine light diesel), it may not only cost a lot, but also involve risks. When demand for HFO (marine heavy diesel) is reduced, the gap between the two types of oil will become even bigger. , LNG (liquefied natural gas (LNG) is also an option for users on fixed routes. At present, the use of LNG (liquefied natural gas) technology has some limitations, the same infrastructure costs and complex technological transformation will also discourage some shipping operators. For other alternative marine fuel products, the demand will also increase in the future, and it is also a challenge whether the supply source of the related oil products can meet the huge demand. Updating and phasing out heavily polluting equipment is the most flexible option, but it also involves an operating and maintenance cost, but the time to recover it is very attractive.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:X736.3
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