【摘要】：文章利用北京市大興區(qū)國家一般氣象觀測站1964-2013年50 a的歷史地面氣象觀測資料,系統(tǒng)地分析了大興區(qū)霧、霾天氣氣候變化特征及氣溫、風(fēng)、相對濕度、最長連續(xù)無降水日數(shù)這些趨勢變化特征對大興當(dāng)?shù)仂F、霾過程的影響。結(jié)果表明,霧日數(shù)變化趨勢總體來說較平穩(wěn),霾日數(shù)波動性變化趨勢比較明顯;大興區(qū)霧、霾日數(shù)在初秋及冬季較多,春季最少。從長期氣象條件來看,霧、霾天氣時,近地層主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向多為偏南風(fēng),風(fēng)速較非霧、霾天氣時低了1.0 m/s以上,且靜風(fēng)所占頻率較高;從1980-2014年北京地區(qū)霾現(xiàn)象發(fā)生時的相對濕度空間分布圖來看,大興、房山、通州相對濕度相比其他區(qū)域更大,維持在70%以上;逐月最長連續(xù)無降水日數(shù)與霧、霾出現(xiàn)次數(shù)的單谷型變化趨勢較為一致。另外,1964-2013年氣溫每10 a增高0.4℃,平均風(fēng)速減少速率為每10 a 0.2 m/s,氣溫和風(fēng)速的這種變化趨勢也不利于大興地區(qū)污染物的擴散。
[Abstract]:Based on the historical ground meteorological observation data of the general meteorological observation station in Daxing District, Beijing, from 1964 to 2013, the paper systematically analyzed the characteristics of the climate change and the temperature, wind and relative humidity of the fog and haze in the Daxing District. The change of the longest continuous no-precipitation days on the local fog and the haze process in Daxing. The results show that the change trend of the fog days is relatively stable, and the change trend of the haze days is more obvious; the fog and haze days in the Daxing District are more and more in the early autumn and in the winter, and the spring is the least. From the long-term meteorological conditions, in the fog and haze weather, the dominant wind direction of the near-earth formation is the south-south wind, the wind speed is higher than that of the non-fog and the haze weather is less than 1.0m/ s, and the frequency of the static wind is higher; and from the relative humidity space distribution map when the haze phenomenon in the area of 1980-2014 is taken, Daxing and Fangshan, Compared with other regions, the relative humidity in Tongzhou is more than 70%; the single-grain trend with the longest continuous no-precipitation days and the number of fog and haze is more consistent. In addition, the air temperature in 1964-2013 is increased by 0.4 鈩，

本文編號：2455961