改性硅藻土吸附廢水中鉛鎘的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-01 18:24
【摘要】：利用CaCO3、MnO2和Mg(OH)2對硅藻土進(jìn)行改性,可以提高其吸附性能。本文研究了這三種改性硅藻土分別對鉛鎘離子的吸附性能；分析了吸附這兩種離子的吸附等溫線模型、吸附熱力學(xué)和吸附動力學(xué)模型,得到以下結(jié)論：1.對改性材料表征的分析結(jié)果表明,改性后硅藻土表面包裹著改性物質(zhì),分布的不是很均勻,同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)不少孔隙中也有改性物質(zhì)。改性物顆粒與硅藻土之間形成較多的微孔,其比表面積增大,有利于吸附：改性后,改性物的特征吸收峰出現(xiàn)了；經(jīng)過改性后,二氧化硅衍射峰有所降低,出現(xiàn)了改性物晶體結(jié)構(gòu)的特征衍射峰,說明改性成功。2. CaCO3、MnO2和Mg(OH)2改性硅藻土對鉛鎘離子的吸附性能。去除率和吸附量均隨pH的增大而增加,當(dāng)pH=5時(shí),pb2+的去除率分別為95.51%、92.15%和95.56%,吸附量分別為99.33mg/g、95.84mg/g和99.38mg/g。當(dāng)pH=6時(shí),Cd2+的去除率分別為78.56%、75.48%和80.05%,吸附量分別為81.70mg/g、78.50mg/g和83.25mg/g。去除率隨初始濃度的增加而減小,吸附量卻是增加的。當(dāng)初始濃度為500mg/L時(shí),對pb2+去除率分別為43.25%、39.17%和45.18%,吸附量分別為216.25mg/g、195.85mg/g和225.90mg/g。對Cd2+的去除率分別為36.12%、35.78%和38.92%,吸附量分別為180.60mg/g、178.90mg/g和194.60mg/g。去除率隨著投加量的增加而增加,吸附量卻是減小的。當(dāng)投加量為1g/L時(shí),對pb2+的去除率分別為99.14%、97.22%和99.72%。吸附量分別為99.14mg/g、97.22mg/g和99.72mg/g。對Cd2+的去除率分別為85.72%、82.48%和88.64%。吸附量分別為85.72mg/g、82.48mg/g和88.64mg/g。3. Langmuir模型符合改性硅藻土對鉛鎘離子的等溫吸附。吸附過程是吸熱反應(yīng)、是自發(fā)進(jìn)行的、吸附過程中混亂度增加,高溫和低濃度有利于吸附,吸附均為物理吸附。改性硅藻土吸附鉛鎘離子達(dá)到平衡吸附的時(shí)間分別為60min和90min,吸附動力學(xué)符合偽二階動力學(xué)模型。
[Abstract]:When diatomite was modified by CaCO3,MnO2 and Mg (OH)-2, the adsorption performance of diatomite could be improved. In this paper, the adsorption properties of these three modified diatomite for lead and cadmium ions were studied, and the adsorption isotherm model, adsorption thermodynamics and adsorption kinetics model of these two ions were analyzed, and the following conclusions were obtained: 1. The results of characterization of modified material show that the modified diatomite surface is coated with modified material, and the distribution is not very uniform. At the same time, it is found that there are also many modified substances in the pores of the modified diatomite. There are many micropores between the modified particles and diatomite, and their specific surface area increases, which is beneficial to adsorption. After modification, the characteristic absorption peak of the modified material appears. After modification, the diffraction peak of silica decreases, and the characteristic diffraction peak of the crystal structure of the modified material appears, which shows that the modification is successful. 2. Adsorption of lead and cadmium ions on diatomite modified by CaCO3,MnO2 and Mg (OH) 2. When pH=5 was used, the removal rate of pb2 was 95.51%, 92.15% and 95.56% respectively, and the adsorption capacity was 99.33 mg / g, 95.84 mg / g and 99.38 mg / g / g, respectively. The removal rate and adsorption amount of pb2 were increased with the increase of pH, the removal rate of pb2 was 95.51%, 92.15% and 95.56%, respectively. When pH=6 was used, the removal rate of Cd2 was 78.56%, 75.48% and 80.05%, respectively. The adsorption capacity was 81.70 mg / g, 78.50 mg / g and 83.25 mg / g respectively. The removal rate decreases with the increase of initial concentration, but the adsorption capacity increases. When the initial concentration of 500mg/L was 500mg/L, the removal rate of pb2 was 43.25%, 39.17% and 45.18% respectively, and the adsorption capacity was 216.25 mg / g, 195.85 mg / g and 225.90 mg / g respectively. The removal rate of Cd2 was 36.12%, 35.78% and 38.92%, respectively. The adsorption capacity was 180.60mg / g, 178.90mg / g and 194.60mg / g respectively. The removal rate increases with the increase of the dosage, but the adsorption capacity decreases. The removal rate of pb2 was 99.14%, 97.22% and 99.72% when the dosage of 1g/L was 99.14%, 97.22% and 99.72%, respectively. The adsorption capacity was 99.14 mg / g, 97.22 mg / g and 99.72 mg / g respectively. The removal rates of Cd2 were 85.72%, 82.48% and 88.64% respectively. The adsorption capacity was 85.72 mg / g, 82.48 mg / g and 88.64 mg / g / 3, respectively. The Langmuir model is consistent with the isothermal adsorption of Pb and CD ions by modified diatomite. The adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous. The degree of confusion increases during the adsorption process. High temperature and low concentration are favorable to adsorption. The adsorption is physical adsorption. The equilibrium adsorption time of Pb and CD ions on modified diatomite was 60min and 90 min, respectively. The adsorption kinetics of the modified diatomite obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703
本文編號：2432685
[Abstract]:When diatomite was modified by CaCO3,MnO2 and Mg (OH)-2, the adsorption performance of diatomite could be improved. In this paper, the adsorption properties of these three modified diatomite for lead and cadmium ions were studied, and the adsorption isotherm model, adsorption thermodynamics and adsorption kinetics model of these two ions were analyzed, and the following conclusions were obtained: 1. The results of characterization of modified material show that the modified diatomite surface is coated with modified material, and the distribution is not very uniform. At the same time, it is found that there are also many modified substances in the pores of the modified diatomite. There are many micropores between the modified particles and diatomite, and their specific surface area increases, which is beneficial to adsorption. After modification, the characteristic absorption peak of the modified material appears. After modification, the diffraction peak of silica decreases, and the characteristic diffraction peak of the crystal structure of the modified material appears, which shows that the modification is successful. 2. Adsorption of lead and cadmium ions on diatomite modified by CaCO3,MnO2 and Mg (OH) 2. When pH=5 was used, the removal rate of pb2 was 95.51%, 92.15% and 95.56% respectively, and the adsorption capacity was 99.33 mg / g, 95.84 mg / g and 99.38 mg / g / g, respectively. The removal rate and adsorption amount of pb2 were increased with the increase of pH, the removal rate of pb2 was 95.51%, 92.15% and 95.56%, respectively. When pH=6 was used, the removal rate of Cd2 was 78.56%, 75.48% and 80.05%, respectively. The adsorption capacity was 81.70 mg / g, 78.50 mg / g and 83.25 mg / g respectively. The removal rate decreases with the increase of initial concentration, but the adsorption capacity increases. When the initial concentration of 500mg/L was 500mg/L, the removal rate of pb2 was 43.25%, 39.17% and 45.18% respectively, and the adsorption capacity was 216.25 mg / g, 195.85 mg / g and 225.90 mg / g respectively. The removal rate of Cd2 was 36.12%, 35.78% and 38.92%, respectively. The adsorption capacity was 180.60mg / g, 178.90mg / g and 194.60mg / g respectively. The removal rate increases with the increase of the dosage, but the adsorption capacity decreases. The removal rate of pb2 was 99.14%, 97.22% and 99.72% when the dosage of 1g/L was 99.14%, 97.22% and 99.72%, respectively. The adsorption capacity was 99.14 mg / g, 97.22 mg / g and 99.72 mg / g respectively. The removal rates of Cd2 were 85.72%, 82.48% and 88.64% respectively. The adsorption capacity was 85.72 mg / g, 82.48 mg / g and 88.64 mg / g / 3, respectively. The Langmuir model is consistent with the isothermal adsorption of Pb and CD ions by modified diatomite. The adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous. The degree of confusion increases during the adsorption process. High temperature and low concentration are favorable to adsorption. The adsorption is physical adsorption. The equilibrium adsorption time of Pb and CD ions on modified diatomite was 60min and 90 min, respectively. The adsorption kinetics of the modified diatomite obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703
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