【摘要】：針對我國水資源緊缺和水污染加劇的情況,污水排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不斷提高,污水深度處理技術(shù)成為研究熱點,并受到廣泛應(yīng)用。在傳統(tǒng)砂濾池基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行改良,發(fā)明了自清洗式活性生物濾池,應(yīng)用于污水深度處理,提高污水處理效果,使出水達(dá)到回用標(biāo)準(zhǔn),節(jié)約水資源。自清洗式活性生物濾池的設(shè)備投資費用低,管理簡單,連續(xù)提砂清洗保證了濾料的清潔,不需要停機反沖洗,兼具過濾和生物降解雙重功能,輔助化學(xué)除磷還可達(dá)到較好的除磷效果。通過小試試驗考察自清洗式活性生物濾池用于污水深度處理中對SS、COD、TN、NH3-N、TP的去除效果,以期將其推廣至工程實踐中應(yīng)用。本論文對自清洗式活性生物濾池的過濾性能進(jìn)行了試驗研究,得出其在濾層高度80cm、濾速4~6m/h、砂循環(huán)速率10~12mm/min的工作參數(shù)條件下,過濾性能最佳,對SS的平均去除率為65%。在最佳過濾狀態(tài)下,對COD、TN、NH3-N、TP的去除率最高分別為15%、7%、12%、5%。由此可見,對有機物的去除單純依靠過濾作用效果不明顯。論文進(jìn)一步對自清洗式活性生物濾池進(jìn)行生物啟動試驗研究,碳源(甲醇)投加量為40mg/L。掛膜成功初期對COD、TN、TP的平均去除率分別為45.8%、46.7%、10.2%。裝置對COD、TN的去除率基本穩(wěn)定標(biāo)志著掛膜成功。試驗研究了氣水比和水力負(fù)荷對COD、SS、TN去除效果的影響,最終確定最佳氣水比為2:1,最佳水力負(fù)荷為5~6m3/(m2·h)。在自清洗式活性生物濾池本身除磷效果不佳的情況下,本文對輔助化學(xué)除磷進(jìn)行試驗研究。分別以硫酸鋁和聚合氯化鋁為混凝劑,確定各自最佳投加量分別為66mg/L和40mg/L,都可使出水TP濃度低于0.5mg/L,研究認(rèn)為最優(yōu)混凝劑為聚合氯化鋁。由此可見,化學(xué)除磷可以明顯提高自清洗式活性生物濾池的除磷能力。
[Abstract]:In view of the shortage of water resources and the aggravation of water pollution in China, sewage discharge standards have been improved continuously, and advanced sewage treatment technology has become a research hotspot and has been widely used. Based on the improvement of the traditional sand filter, a self-cleaning active biological filter was invented, which was applied to the advanced treatment of sewage, improved the effect of sewage treatment, made the effluent up to the reuse standard and saved water resources. The equipment of self-cleaning active biofilter has the advantages of low investment cost, simple management, continuous sanding cleaning to ensure the cleaning of filter material, no need to stop backwashing, and dual functions of filtration and biodegradation. Auxiliary chemical phosphorus removal can also achieve a better phosphorus removal effect. The removal effect of SS,COD,TN,NH3-N,TP in advanced sewage treatment by self-cleaning active biofilter was investigated by small scale experiment, in order to extend it to engineering practice. In this paper, the filtration performance of self-cleaning active biological filter is studied. The results show that the filtration performance is the best under the conditions of the filter height of 80 cm, the filtration rate of 4 ~ 6 m / h and the sand circulation rate 10~12mm/min. The average removal rate of SS is 65%. In the best filtration condition, the highest removal rate of COD,TN,NH3-N,TP is 15775 and 1275, respectively. It can be seen that the removal of organic matter simply depends on filtration effect is not obvious. In this paper, the biological start-up test of self-cleaning active biofilter was carried out. The amount of carbon source (methanol) was 40 mg / L. The average removal rate of COD,TN,TP was 45.8% and 46.7%, respectively. The removal rate of COD,TN by the device is basically stable, indicating the success of the film. The effects of air / water ratio and hydraulic load on COD,SS,TN removal efficiency were studied. The optimum ratio of air to water was 2: 1 and the optimal hydraulic load was 5~6m3/ (m2 h). In this paper, the auxiliary chemical phosphorus removal was studied under the condition that the phosphorus removal effect of the self-cleaning active biological filter itself was not good. With aluminum sulfate and polyaluminium chloride as coagulants, the optimum dosages of TP were determined to be 66mg/L and 40 mg / L, respectively, and the concentration of TP in water was lower than 0.5 mg / L. The optimum coagulant was found to be polyaluminum chloride. It can be seen that chemical phosphorus removal can obviously improve the phosphorus removal ability of self-cleaning active biofilter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X799.3

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本文編號：2421806