【摘要】：近些年來,在社會快速發(fā)展的同時,污水的過度排放對環(huán)境造成了極其嚴(yán)重的破壞,同時也致使地下水受到了污染,這對大空間尺度和長時間跨度的地下水溶質(zhì)運(yùn)移的分析預(yù)測提出了需求。本文以某工業(yè)園區(qū)氨水泄漏污染地下水為例,建立水文地質(zhì)概念模型和數(shù)學(xué)模型,然后利用相關(guān)系數(shù)極值法對該區(qū)地下水彌散試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,并將所得彌散參數(shù)用于地下水模擬軟件GMS中,對氨的擴(kuò)散做出預(yù)測。本文主要成果如下：1、在分析水文地質(zhì)條件、地下水的賦存條件等的基礎(chǔ)上,確定了項(xiàng)目區(qū)地下水類型,按含水介質(zhì)及埋藏條件劃分為第四系松散堆積砂礫卵石層孔隙潛水和白堊系基巖裂隙水兩種類型,其中以松散堆積砂礫卵石層孔隙潛水為主。并將含水層自上而下分為透水層、弱透水層和相對隔水層。2、通過對項(xiàng)目區(qū)水文地質(zhì)條件的分析,對模擬區(qū)域進(jìn)行概化。通過野外抽水試驗(yàn)和注水試驗(yàn)資料,給出了水文地質(zhì)參數(shù)初值,然后將參數(shù)帶入到模型中,通過調(diào)參,最終確定了比較符合實(shí)際的水文地質(zhì)參數(shù)。3、利用查閱文獻(xiàn)所得計算彌散系數(shù)的相關(guān)系數(shù)極值法,將通過野外彌散試驗(yàn)獲得的示蹤劑濃度-時間數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析計算,算得四個相關(guān)彌散參數(shù),分別為地下水流速,有效孔隙率,縱向和橫向彌散度。4、將所得彌散參數(shù)代入模擬軟件進(jìn)行溶質(zhì)運(yùn)移模擬。根據(jù)模擬結(jié)果可知,滲入地下水中的氨主要向東南方向遷移；并隨著時間推移,擴(kuò)散范圍逐漸擴(kuò)大,在地下水徑流作用下,縱向上的遷移范圍明顯大于橫向,在地下水流下游污染物范圍明顯大于上游,并在氨水泄漏14年后,污染范圍將進(jìn)入附近水系。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of society, the excessive discharge of sewage has caused extremely serious damage to the environment and caused the pollution of groundwater. It is necessary for the analysis and prediction of groundwater solute transport on large spatial scale and long time span. Taking the groundwater polluted by ammonia leakage in an industrial park as an example, a hydrogeological conceptual model and a mathematical model are established, and then the dispersion test data of groundwater in this area are analyzed by using the correlation coefficient extreme value method. The dispersion parameters are used in the groundwater simulation software GMS to predict the diffusion of ammonia. The main achievements of this paper are as follows: 1. Based on the analysis of hydrogeological conditions and groundwater occurrence conditions, the types of groundwater in the project area are determined. According to the water bearing medium and burial conditions, there are two types of pore phreatic water in the Quaternary loosely deposited gravel layer and the Cretaceous bedrock fissure water, among which the pore phreatic water of loose accumulated sand gravel layer is the main one. The aquifer is divided from top to bottom into permeable layer, weak permeable layer and relative waterproof layer. 2. Through the analysis of hydrogeological conditions in the project area, the simulated area is generalized. Based on the data of field pumping test and water injection test, the initial values of hydrogeological parameters are given, and then the parameters are brought into the model. By adjusting the parameters, the hydrogeological parameters, which are in accordance with the actual conditions, are finally determined. By using the correlation coefficient extreme value method of calculating dispersion coefficient obtained from literature, the tracer concentration and time data obtained from field dispersion test were analyzed and calculated, and four related dispersion parameters were calculated, respectively, as groundwater velocity. Effective porosity, longitudinal and transverse dispersion. 4. The obtained dispersion parameters are substituted into the simulation software for solute migration simulation. According to the simulation results, the ammonia infiltrated into the groundwater mainly migrated to the southeast. With the passage of time, the diffusion range gradually expanded. Under the action of groundwater runoff, the longitudinal migration range was obviously larger than that of transverse, and the range of pollutants in the downstream of groundwater flow was obviously larger than that of upstream, and after 14 years of ammonia leakage, the range of pollutants in the lower reaches of groundwater was obviously larger than that in upstream. The contaminated area will enter the nearby water system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X523

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