【摘要】：多溴聯(lián)苯醚(PBDEs)屬于典型的持久性有機(jī)污染物(POPs),具有環(huán)境持久性、生物富集性、生物毒性和長(zhǎng)距離傳輸性等特點(diǎn),會(huì)對(duì)人體產(chǎn)生一定的危害。生物利用度和生物有效性是評(píng)估污染物人體暴露時(shí)常用的兩個(gè)校正因子,本文的目的是測(cè)定土壤中PBDEs的生物有效性和生物利用度,探討其相關(guān)性,為進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化體外模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)定生物有效性奠定基礎(chǔ)。研究了廣東貴嶼地區(qū)18個(gè)土壤樣品中14種PBDEs的濃度水平和同系物分布特征。結(jié)果表明,所有的樣品中都檢測(cè)到了PBDEs,14種PBDEs的總濃度范圍為75.0?74740 ng/g dw。與國內(nèi)外其他地區(qū)的土壤樣品相比,處于較高水平。BDE209是最主要的PBDEs同系物,占Σ14PBDEs的75.7?99.0%,這與一些國內(nèi)其他研究的結(jié)果類似。由于BDE209是十溴工業(yè)品的主要成分,因此貴嶼地區(qū)的電子垃圾中所使用的阻燃劑主要為十溴工業(yè)品。為了研究土壤樣品中PBDEs的生物利用度,對(duì)其中的五個(gè)樣品進(jìn)行了3次的重復(fù)測(cè)定。利用小鼠模型,采用灌胃的方式對(duì)小鼠進(jìn)行口服暴露,測(cè)定不同組織中PBDEs的含量,計(jì)算其生物利用度。結(jié)果表明PBDEs單體的生物利用度范圍在0.7?48%之間。對(duì)5個(gè)土壤綜合研究發(fā)現(xiàn),PBDEs同系物的平均生物利用度與其疏水性成負(fù)相關(guān)。此外,還發(fā)現(xiàn)PBDEs的平均生物利用度與土壤中有機(jī)質(zhì)含量之間沒有相關(guān)性。利用胃腸模擬技術(shù)研究五個(gè)土壤樣品中PBDEs的生物有效性,其范圍為1.6?49.8%。通過對(duì)生物利用度和生物有效性的線性回歸分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)BDE47、85、99、100和183等5種同系物的平均生物利用度和生物有效性的數(shù)值之間存在顯著的線性相關(guān)(y=1.002x+0.634,R2=0.938,p=0.006),說明本實(shí)驗(yàn)所使用的體外胃腸模擬方法可以初步用于預(yù)測(cè)土壤樣品中一些PBDEs同系物的生物利用度。
[Abstract]:Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDEs), a typical persistent organic pollutant (POPs), has the characteristics of environmental persistence, bioconcentration, biotoxicity and long-distance transport, which will cause certain harm to human body. Bioavailability and bioavailability are two commonly used correction factors in the assessment of human exposure to pollutants. The purpose of this paper is to determine the bioavailability and bioavailability of PBDEs in soil, and to explore the correlation between bioavailability and bioavailability. It lays a foundation for further optimization of bioavailability in vitro simulation experiment. The concentration level and homologue distribution of 14 PBDEs species in 18 soil samples from Guiyu area Guangdong Province were studied. The results showed that the total concentration range of PBDEs,14 species PBDEs was 75.0 ~ 74740 ng/g dw.. Compared with the soil samples from other regions at home and abroad, BDE209 is the most important homologue of PBDEs, accounting for 75.7 ~ 99.0 of 危 14PBDEs, which is similar to some other studies in China. Because BDE209 is the main component of decabromine industrial products, the flame retardants used in electronic waste in Guiyu area are mainly decabromine industrial products. In order to study the bioavailability of PBDEs in soil samples, five of them were determined three times. The mice were exposed orally by gavage to determine the content of PBDEs in different tissues and calculate its bioavailability. The results showed that the bioavailability of PBDEs monomer was in the range of 0.748%. The average bioavailability of PBDEs homologues was negatively correlated with their hydrophobicity. In addition, there was no correlation between the average bioavailability of PBDEs and the content of organic matter in soil. The bioavailability of PBDEs in five soil samples was studied by gastrointestinal simulation technique. By linear regression analysis of bioavailability and bioavailability, it was found that there was a significant linear correlation between the average bioavailability and bioavailability of five homologues such as BDE47,85,99100 and 183 (YY 1.002x 0.634R20.938). This method can be used to predict the bioavailability of some PBDEs congeners in soil samples.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X833

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本文編號(hào)：2414638