【摘要】：雙臺(tái)河口國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)位于遼河下游入海口,該地區(qū)濕地發(fā)育,區(qū)域內(nèi)土地利用/覆被類型多樣。本文基于7個(gè)不同時(shí)相的鎖眼衛(wèi)星系列KH-4A、KH-4B和Landsat衛(wèi)星系列TM、ETM、OLI-TIRS遙感影像,采用監(jiān)督分類法對(duì)影像進(jìn)行分類處理,然后結(jié)合GIS空間分析與數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,分析了1963-2013年期間雙臺(tái)河口國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)的土地利用/覆被的變化情況。從定性和定量?jī)煞矫?分析了雙臺(tái)河口國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)50年間LUCC的驅(qū)動(dòng)力。結(jié)果表明:(1)1963-1984年期間,雙臺(tái)河口國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)天然濕地總面積減少了27 071.18 hm2,人工濕地和非濕地總面積分別增加了21 178.44 hm2、5 892.74hm2。其中,1963-1984年期間,蘆葦沼澤和灘地向南推進(jìn)造成天然水域面積減少9 341.57 hm2;1984-1992年期間蘆葦沼澤、養(yǎng)殖水域大面積增長(zhǎng),分別增長(zhǎng)6073.91 hm2、4 801.76 hm2,天然水域、灘地大面積減少,分別減少7 183.93 hm2、5 824.46 hm2;1992-2000年期間是耕地、灘地面積增長(zhǎng),天然水域、蘆葦沼澤面積減少最明顯的階段,耕地、灘地面積分別增長(zhǎng)8 468.54 hm2、7 021.78 hm2,天然水域、蘆葦沼澤面積分別減少12 684.11 hm2、5 712.22 hm2;2000-2007年期間,養(yǎng)殖水域大面積增長(zhǎng),增長(zhǎng)量4 352.75 hm2;2007-2013年期間,城建用地大面積增長(zhǎng),增長(zhǎng)量2 307.34hm2。(2)1963-2013年期間,雙臺(tái)河口國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)各階段土地利用動(dòng)態(tài)度差異較大。土地利用綜合動(dòng)態(tài)度總體上呈現(xiàn)先增大后減小的變化特征,1992-2000年期間的綜合動(dòng)態(tài)度最大,為3.69%,是土地利用/覆被類型變化最明顯的階段。各土地利用類型單一動(dòng)態(tài)度在不同階段特點(diǎn)各異,其中,1984-1992年期間,養(yǎng)殖水域的單一動(dòng)態(tài)度最大,高達(dá)481.25%;從整體上看,人工濕地和非濕地類型的單一動(dòng)態(tài)度高于天然濕地類型的單一動(dòng)態(tài)度,人工濕地和非濕地的變化在各階段更為明顯。(3)雙臺(tái)河口國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)LUCC受多種因素綜合影響,不同時(shí)期各社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素對(duì)LUCC的推動(dòng)作用有所差異�？傮w來(lái)說(shuō),地形地貌、氣候、土壤、水文等生物物理因子是雙臺(tái)河口國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)LUCC的基本條件,是LUCC的間接驅(qū)動(dòng)力;人口、經(jīng)濟(jì)、政策和科技等是主要的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素,是雙臺(tái)河口國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)LUCC的直接驅(qū)動(dòng)力。
[Abstract]:Shuangtai Estuary National Nature Reserve is located at the estuary of Liaohe River. In this paper, based on seven KH-4A,KH-4B and Landsat satellite TM,ETM,OLI-TIRS remote sensing images with different phases, the supervised classification method is used to classify and process the images, and then combined with the GIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics methods, The changes of land use / cover in Shuangtai Estuary National Nature Reserve during 1963-2013 were analyzed. The driving force of LUCC in Shuangtai Estuary National Nature Reserve during 50 years was analyzed from qualitative and quantitative aspects. The results are as follows: (1) during 1963-1984, the total area of natural wetland in Shuangtai Estuary National Nature Reserve decreased by 27 071.18 hm2, artificial wetland and non-wetland area respectively increased by 21 178.44 hm2,5 892.74 hm2. During 1963-1984, Reed swamps and beaches pushed southward, reducing the area of natural waters by 9 341.57 hm2;. During the period 1984-1992, the Reed swamps increased in a large area, increasing 6073.91 hm2,4 801.76 hm2, natural waters, and decreasing the large area of beach land by 7 183.93 hm2,5 824.46 hm2;, respectively. From 1992 to 2000, the area of cultivated land increased, the area of beach land increased, the area of natural waters and Reed swamp decreased most obviously, the area of cultivated land and beach land increased by 8 468.54 hm2,7 021.78 hm2, respectively. Reed swamp area reduced by 12 684.11 hm2,5 712.22 hm2;, respectively During the period 2000-2007, the area of aquaculture water increased greatly, with a growth of 4 352.75 hm2;. During the period from 2007 to 2013, the land use for urban construction increased in a large area, with an increase of 2 307.34 hm2. (2) during 1963-2013, the land use dynamics of each stage of Shuangtai Estuary National Nature Reserve varied greatly. The comprehensive dynamic degree of land use increased firstly and then decreased. The comprehensive dynamic degree of land use was the largest (3.69%) in 1992-2000, which was the most obvious stage of land use / cover type change. The single dynamic degree of each land use type is different in different stages. During 1984-1992, the single dynamic degree of aquaculture water area is the largest, as high as 481.25; On the whole, the single dynamic degree of artificial wetland and non-wetland type is higher than that of natural wetland type. The changes of constructed wetland and non-wetland are more obvious in each stage. (3) LUCC in Shuangtai Estuary National Nature Reserve is influenced by many factors, and the social and economic factors have different influence on LUCC in different period. In general, physiognomy, climate, soil, hydrology and other biophysical factors are the basic conditions of LUCC and the indirect driving force of LUCC in Shuangtai Estuary National Nature Reserve. Population, economy, policy and technology are the main social and economic factors, and are the direct driving force of LUCC in Shuangtai Estuary National Nature Reserve.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X36

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 閆琰;董秀蘭;李燕;;基于ENVI的遙感圖像監(jiān)督分類方法比較研究[J];北京測(cè)繪;2011年03期

2 諶艷珍;方國(guó)智;倪金;胡克;;遼河口海岸線近百年來(lái)的變遷[J];海洋學(xué)研究;2010年02期

3 朱利凱;蒙吉軍;;國(guó)際LUCC模型研究進(jìn)展及趨勢(shì)[J];地理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2009年05期

4 李秀彬;全球環(huán)境變化研究的核心領(lǐng)域──土地利用／土地覆被變化的國(guó)際研究動(dòng)向[J];地理學(xué)報(bào);1996年06期

5 蔡運(yùn)龍;土地利用/土地覆被變化研究:尋求新的綜合途徑[J];地理研究;2001年06期

6 施麗麗;;定性分析、定量分析與規(guī)范分析、實(shí)證分析[J];經(jīng)營(yíng)管理者;2010年16期

7 方秀琴;任立良;李瓊芳;;近40年老哈河流域土地利用變化監(jiān)測(cè)與分析[J];國(guó)土資源遙感;2012年02期

8 史洪超;;土地利用/覆被變化(LUCC)研究進(jìn)展綜述[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2012年26期

9 史利江;王圣云;姚曉軍;�？〗�;俞立中;;1994～2006年上海市土地利用時(shí)空變化特征及驅(qū)動(dòng)力分析[J];長(zhǎng)江流域資源與環(huán)境;2012年12期

10 杜國(guó)明;匡文慧;孟凡浩;遲文峰;陸燈盛;;巴西土地利用/覆蓋變化時(shí)空格局及驅(qū)動(dòng)因素[J];地理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2015年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：2411707