【摘要】：近年來城鎮(zhèn)化的速度越來越快,在此過程中城市湖泊水質(zhì)的好壞成為已經(jīng)成為衡量一個城市居住環(huán)境的重要參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。但我國很多的城市中湖泊均受到了一定程度的污染,因此迫切需要找到一條凈化處理城市湖泊水體的方法。本實驗主要目的是應(yīng)用人工濕地技術(shù)凈化處理污染水體,希望探求出一條既可以保持原城市湖泊的環(huán)境,又能夠凈化處理污水的方法。實驗采取傳統(tǒng)的工藝組合,為排除基質(zhì)填料對實驗的影響,各個單元均采用同樣的基質(zhì)填料組合而成。實驗場地為露天的水利館進(jìn)行,因此可以更充分的模擬濕地處理自然狀態(tài)下湖泊水體的凈化效果。采取兩種不同的工藝組合,比較兩種組合工藝去除效果的不同。結(jié)果表明整體的去除效果比較理想,CODMn、TP、TN、NH4+-N、NO3--N、葉綠素a、BGA去除率分別達(dá)到75%、83%、35%、36%、87%、48%、31%。其各自的出水濃度分別為1.5mg/L、0.02mg/L、3.44mg/L、2.36mg/L、0.017mg/L、2.8ug/L、2.6×104cell/L。其中COD、TP經(jīng)處理后的水質(zhì)指標(biāo)效果最為明顯,達(dá)到GB3838-2002中的Ⅰ類水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。兩組的對比結(jié)果表明整體上第二組的TP和NO3--N的去除效果要好于第一組,其他的水質(zhì)指標(biāo)第一組更好一些。在不同季節(jié)對濕地處理城市水體的效果進(jìn)行分析,探究其對濕地處理水體的影響,結(jié)果表明整體表現(xiàn)為夏季的去除效果好于春秋兩季。其中TP的去除效果受到影響的程度最小,整體的范圍在85%~89%之間變化。其中夏季的去除效果最高,而春季的去除效果最低。與此類似的凈化處理效果也表現(xiàn)在其他的水質(zhì)指標(biāo)上,其中TN的去除效果變化較為明顯,但整體的去除效果均不十分理想,其中夏季的去除效果最好但也僅達(dá)到38%,春季依然最差為30%。在不同的水力負(fù)荷狀態(tài)下,水力負(fù)荷對濕地的處理效果影響也十分顯著,本次實驗的水力負(fù)荷范圍在0.27~0.84 m3/m2·d之間。其中TP與COD的去除均在較低的水力負(fù)荷條件下進(jìn)行的更為理想。實驗結(jié)果顯示兩者最優(yōu)的去除效果均在本次實驗最低的0.27 m3/m2·d時發(fā)生的。其它的指標(biāo)顯示過高或者過低的水力負(fù)荷均不能打到最佳的處理效果。TN的最佳處理水力負(fù)荷是在0.46 m3/m2·d時進(jìn)行的。NH4+-N的最佳水力負(fù)荷是0.33m3/m2·d,其實驗的結(jié)果顯示與其他指標(biāo)達(dá)到最大值后持續(xù)下降不同,會在0.46m3/m2·d時出現(xiàn)一個波谷。在對各個濕地單元的分析結(jié)果表明,美人蕉潛流濕地單元的各項處理效果均十分良好,植物中美人蕉的凈化效果也十分理想。不同的濕地類型的對比實驗表明:水平潛流復(fù)合垂直流普通垂流挺水植物流浮水植物單元。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the speed of urbanization is getting faster and faster. In this process, the water quality of urban lakes has become an important reference standard to measure the living environment of a city. However, lakes in many cities in China are polluted to a certain extent, so it is urgent to find a way to purify and treat the water bodies of urban lakes. The main purpose of this experiment is to use artificial wetland technology to purify polluted water, and to find out a method that can not only keep the environment of the original city lake, but also purify the sewage. In order to eliminate the influence of matrix filler on the experiment, each unit is composed of the same matrix filler. The experiment site is open water conservancy hall, so it can more fully simulate the purification effect of lake water body under natural condition. Two different process combinations were adopted to compare the different removal effects of the two combined processes. The results showed that the overall removal efficiency was satisfactory, and the removal rates of CODMn,TP,TN,NH4-Nno _ 3-N, Chlorophyll-AGA reached 75 / 83B / 35 / 35 / 35, respectively. Their effluent concentrations were 1.5 mg / L 0.02 mg / L 3.44 mg / L = 2.36 mg / L 0.017 mg / L = 2.8 mg / L = 2.6 脳 10 ~ 4 cell / L respectively. The effect of water quality index of COD,TP after treatment was the most obvious, which reached the standard of class I water in GB3838-2002. The comparison between the two groups shows that the removal efficiency of TP and NO3--N in the second group is better than that in the first group, and the other water quality indicators are better in the first group. The effect of wetland treatment on urban water was analyzed in different seasons. The results showed that the removal effect in summer was better than that in spring and autumn. The removal effect of TP is the least, and the whole range is between 85% and 89%. The removal effect was the highest in summer and the lowest in spring. Similar purification effects are also shown in other water quality indexes, in which the removal efficiency of TN is more obvious, but the overall removal effect is not very ideal, among which the removal effect in summer is the best but only up to 38. The worst in spring is still 30. Under different hydraulic loading conditions, the effect of hydraulic load on wetland treatment was also significant, and the hydraulic load range of this experiment was 0.27 ~ 0.84 m3/m2 / d. The removal of TP and COD is more ideal under the condition of low hydraulic load. The experimental results showed that the optimal removal efficiency of both of them occurred at the lowest 0. 27 m3/m2 d in this experiment. Other indicators show that too high or too low hydraulic load can not achieve the best treatment effect. The best treatment hydraulic load of TN is carried out at 0.46 m3/m2 d. The best hydraulic load of NH4 N is 0.33m3/m2 d, The experimental results show that a trough will appear at 0.46m3/m2 d, which is different from that of other indexes after reaching the maximum value. The results of analysis on each wetland unit show that the treatment effect of Canna submersible wetland unit is very good, and the purification effect of Canna in plant is also very ideal. The experimental results of different wetland types show that the horizontal subsurface flow and vertical flow are common vertical flow and octopus plant flow phytoplankton unit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X524

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