【摘要】：本文以陜北榆林地區(qū)生產(chǎn)的蘭炭為原料,KOH為活化劑制備活性炭,并將其應(yīng)用于提金氰化廢水的綜合處理中,為含氰廢水的綜合利用開辟了一條新途徑。蘭炭基活性炭的制備重點(diǎn)研究了堿炭混合方式、粒度、堿炭比、活化溫度以及活化時(shí)間對(duì)活性炭收率、碘吸附值的影響,利用掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)、傅里葉變換紅外光譜(FT-IR)、X射線衍射(XRD)等對(duì)活性炭進(jìn)行分析表征。結(jié)果表明,隨著原料粒度的減小,收率不斷降低,碘吸附值不斷提高;堿炭比范圍為0.25:1~1.5:1時(shí),堿炭比越大,收率越低,碘吸附值越大;隨活化溫度的升高和活化時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),收率不斷降低,碘吸附值呈先增大后減小的趨勢(shì)。當(dāng)粒度為0.6~0.3mm(28~48目)、堿炭比為1.5:1、活化溫度為800℃、恒溫時(shí)間為2h時(shí),活性炭的收率為66.7%,碘吸附值可達(dá)到803.277mg·g-1。活性炭表面含有大量的羧基、羥基、羰基及醚鍵等官能團(tuán)。氰化提金廢水的吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)主要探討了活性炭投加量、吸附時(shí)間、吸附溫度及pH對(duì)廢水處理結(jié)果的影響。研究表明,將蘭炭基活性炭應(yīng)用于提金廢水的處理是可行的。廢水中各離子去除率,隨活性炭投加量的增加而增大,隨吸附溫度的升高而減小,隨吸附時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而增大,隨pH的增大而減小。當(dāng)活性炭投加量為5g/100ml,常溫下攪拌吸附2h時(shí),Cu、Zn、CN-及總氰離子的去除率分別可達(dá)到100%、93.51%、71.52%、90.96%。動(dòng)力學(xué)研究表明,Zn離子的吸附行為符合二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,其吸附量達(dá)353.357mg·g-1;速率常數(shù)k=5.6×10-3,吸附速率很快;熱力學(xué)研究表明,Zn離子的吸附行為符合Freundlich等溫模型,Freundlich指數(shù)n1,表明Zn離子與活性炭的親和力強(qiáng),熱力學(xué)參數(shù)ΔG00,ΔH00,ΔS00,表明該吸附是一個(gè)自發(fā)的、放熱的、從無序狀態(tài)到有序狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變的過程。
[Abstract]:In this paper, active carbon was prepared from orchid charcoal produced in Yulin area of northern Shaanxi Province and KOH was used as activator. It was applied to the comprehensive treatment of cyanide wastewater from gold extraction, which opened a new way for comprehensive utilization of cyanide containing wastewater. The preparation of blue carbon based activated carbon was focused on the effects of mixing mode, particle size, ratio of alkali to carbon, activation temperature and activation time on the yield and iodine adsorption value of activated carbon. (SEM), was used as scanning electron microscope (SEM). The active carbon was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X ray diffraction (XRD) et al.). The results show that with the decrease of raw material size, the yield decreases and the iodine adsorption value increases, and when the ratio of alkali to carbon is 0.25: 1: 1.5: 1, the higher the ratio of alkali to carbon is, the lower the yield is and the higher the iodine adsorption value is. With the increase of activation temperature and the prolongation of activation time, the yield of iodine decreases and the adsorption value of iodine increases first and then decreases. When the particle size is 0.6~0.3mm (28 ~ 48 mesh), the ratio of alkali to carbon is 1.5: 1, the activation temperature is 800 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2404075