【摘要】：吸附態(tài)磷是主要的面源污染物之一,它會(huì)導(dǎo)致水域環(huán)境質(zhì)量惡化,是水體富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化的重要污染源�？茖W(xué)估算吸附態(tài)磷污染負(fù)荷能夠?yàn)橹卫硌睾５貐^(qū)非點(diǎn)源污染,保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)安全提供理論依據(jù)。以遙感影像、降雨監(jiān)測(cè)資料等多源數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),綜合考慮土壤侵蝕、泥沙輸移率、磷富集系數(shù)等影響因子,構(gòu)建吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷估算模型,估算了江蘇沿海地區(qū)2000~2010年吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷量,分析了不同土地利用背景下吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷的動(dòng)態(tài)變化特征,結(jié)果顯示:(1)2000~2010年,江蘇沿海地區(qū)吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷明顯增加,平均吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷模數(shù)由105.89 kg/km2·a增長(zhǎng)至201.67 kg/km2·a,吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷總量由3 284t增長(zhǎng)至6 255t。(2)10 a間,研究區(qū)的吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷熱點(diǎn)面積減小,呈現(xiàn)出收斂聚集的態(tài)勢(shì),但熱點(diǎn)區(qū)的吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷總量卻明顯增加,說(shuō)明研究區(qū)內(nèi)吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷的空間極化現(xiàn)象更為顯著。(3)10 a間,各土地利用類型的平均吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷模數(shù)都顯著增長(zhǎng),不同土地利用背景下吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷總量排序?yàn)樗锖档亓值夭莸匚蠢玫貓@地。研究結(jié)果表明,不同土地利用背景下吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷存在顯著差異,且不同土地利用類型相互轉(zhuǎn)化時(shí),吸附態(tài)磷負(fù)荷也隨之發(fā)生變化,可通過(guò)調(diào)整土地利用結(jié)構(gòu),優(yōu)化景觀格局,減少和控制磷污染的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Adsorbed phosphorus is one of the main non-point source pollutants, which will lead to the deterioration of water environmental quality and is an important source of water eutrophication. Scientific estimation of adsorptive phosphorus pollution load can provide a theoretical basis for the control of non-point source pollution in coastal areas and the protection of marine ecological security. Based on multi-source data such as remote sensing image and rainfall monitoring data, a model for estimating the load of adsorbed phosphorus was established by considering the influence factors such as soil erosion, sediment transport rate, phosphorus enrichment coefficient and so on. The load of adsorbed phosphorus in coastal areas of Jiangsu Province from 2000 to 2010 was estimated, and the dynamic characteristics of the load of adsorbed phosphorus in different land use backgrounds were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) the load of adsorbed phosphorus in coastal areas of Jiangsu increased obviously from 2000 to 2010; The average adsorption phosphorus load modulus increased from 105.89 kg/km2 a to 201.67 kg/km2 a, and the total adsorbed phosphorus load increased from 3 284 t to 6 255 t. (2) within 10 years, the hot spot area of adsorbed phosphorus load decreased in the study area. However, the total amount of adsorbed phosphorus load in hot spots is obviously increased, which indicates that the spatial polarization phenomenon of adsorbed phosphorus load in the study area is more obvious. (3) within 10 years, The average absorbed P load modulus of each land use type increased significantly, and the total amount of adsorptive phosphorus load in different land use background was ranked as paddy field, dry land, woodland and grassland unused garden land. The results showed that there were significant differences in the load of adsorbed phosphorus under different land use background, and when different types of land use changed with each other, the load of adsorbed phosphorus changed, and the landscape pattern could be optimized by adjusting the structure of land use. Reduce and control phosphorus pollution.
【作者單位】： 南京大學(xué)地理與海洋科學(xué)學(xué)院;中國(guó)科學(xué)院流域地理學(xué)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室-中國(guó)科學(xué)院南京地理與湖泊研究所;江蘇省土地勘測(cè)規(guī)劃院;揚(yáng)州市江都區(qū)國(guó)土資源局;
【基金】：國(guó)土資源部海岸帶開發(fā)與保護(hù)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開放基金項(xiàng)目(NO.2015CZEPK01)~~
【分類號(hào)】：X52

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