【摘要】：隨著養(yǎng)殖產(chǎn)業(yè)的規(guī)�；⒓谢l(fā)展,養(yǎng)殖產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)生的糞便和污水以其大水量、高污染物濃度等特點(diǎn)成為環(huán)境污染的重要關(guān)注點(diǎn)之一。規(guī)�；B(yǎng)殖已成為了農(nóng)村面源污染的主要來(lái)源。而FMBR作為一種新型技術(shù),具有工藝簡(jiǎn)單、同步脫氮、有機(jī)污泥近零排放、節(jié)能高效、出水可回用等優(yōu)點(diǎn),同時(shí)結(jié)合遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控新模式正在污水處理技術(shù)中顯現(xiàn)成效。FMBR技術(shù)應(yīng)用于畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢水的實(shí)例也越來(lái)越多。本文研究FMBR技術(shù)處理簡(jiǎn)單預(yù)處理后的高濃度畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢水工程。通過(guò)對(duì)工程現(xiàn)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行啟動(dòng)調(diào)試探討FMBR工藝實(shí)現(xiàn)同步硝化反硝化的條件,并進(jìn)一步研究SND過(guò)程的影響因素。利用中試實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)FMBR反應(yīng)器內(nèi)SND過(guò)程建立動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。并對(duì)SND過(guò)程N(yùn)2O釋放的機(jī)理進(jìn)行了初步分析。取得的主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)FMBR工藝對(duì)畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢水具有很好的處理效果,形成的高濃度污泥能適應(yīng)高濃度廢水并對(duì)COD有穩(wěn)定良好的處理效果。但在處理高濃度氨氮、總氮和總磷方面有所欠缺,處理效果受溫度影響,啟動(dòng)初期受低溫影響相應(yīng)微生物生長(zhǎng)緩慢,處理效果差。(2)控制溶解氧濃度在在0.3mg/L到1.0mg/L范圍內(nèi)時(shí)FMBR工藝成功實(shí)現(xiàn)SND工藝脫氮,SND過(guò)程中COD去除率基本保持不變略有下降,可達(dá)到93%左右,NH4+—N的去除率在75%左右,同時(shí)NO2-—N沒(méi)有明顯積累接近于零,NO3-—N濃度明顯降低,從32.45mg/L下降到1.28mg/L左右。TN的去除率也隨之升高,去除率可達(dá)到78%左右。HRT控制在14h左右能在保證處理效果的前提下保證工藝的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。(3)在硝化反應(yīng)與反硝化反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程基礎(chǔ)上,依照物料平衡方程對(duì)FMBR反應(yīng)器內(nèi)SND過(guò)程進(jìn)行了動(dòng)力學(xué)推導(dǎo)。經(jīng)過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析,求出了SND動(dòng)力學(xué)模型的參數(shù)推導(dǎo)求得動(dòng)力學(xué)模型常數(shù)C1值為-1.58,C2值為-0.84,KM值為0.42,建立動(dòng)力學(xué)方程。(4)FMBR工藝SND過(guò)程中N2O釋放來(lái)自不同微生物的生化反應(yīng),多種酶的復(fù)雜作用產(chǎn)生N2O釋放,純化學(xué)反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的N2O量可忽略。N2O釋放的主要來(lái)源是氨氧化細(xì)菌反硝化過(guò)程,該過(guò)程以亞硝酸鹽為底物,不完全反硝化形成中間產(chǎn)物N2O釋放,因此亞硝酸鹽生成速度成為N2O釋放的重要控制因素。
[Abstract]:With the development of scale and concentration of aquaculture industry, feces and sewage produced by aquaculture industry have become one of the important concerns of environmental pollution due to its characteristics of large amount of water and high concentration of pollutants. Scale aquaculture has become the main source of rural non-point source pollution. As a new technology, FMBR has the advantages of simple process, simultaneous denitrification, near-zero discharge of organic sludge, energy saving and high efficiency, reuse of effluent, etc. At the same time, the application of FMBR technology in livestock and poultry wastewater is more and more. In this paper, the treatment of high concentration livestock and poultry wastewater with simple pretreatment by FMBR technology was studied. The conditions of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification by FMBR process were discussed by starting and debugging the project site, and the influencing factors of SND process were further studied. The kinetic model of SND process in FMBR reactor was established by pilot-scale experiment. The mechanism of N 2 O release from SND process was analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the FMBR process has a good treatment effect on livestock and poultry wastewater, and the high concentration sludge can adapt to the high concentration wastewater and has a stable and good treatment effect on COD. However, in the treatment of high concentration ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, the effect of treatment was affected by temperature, and the microorganism grew slowly at the early stage of start-up affected by low temperature. (2) when the concentration of dissolved oxygen was controlled in the range of 0.3mg/L to 1.0mg/L, the denitrification of SND process was successfully realized by FMBR process, and the removal rate of COD remained unchanged slightly during SND process, reaching about 93%. The removal rate of NH4 N was about 75%, and the NO2--N accumulation was not close to zero, the concentration of NO3--N decreased obviously, from 32.45mg/L to 1.28mg/L, the removal rate of TN also increased. The removal rate can reach about 78%. The control of HRT for about 14 h can ensure the economy of the process under the premise of ensuring the treatment effect. (3) based on the kinetic equations of nitrification and denitrification, The kinetic derivation of SND process in FMBR reactor was carried out according to the mass balance equation. Through the analysis of experimental data, the parameter derivation of SND kinetic model is obtained. The kinetic model constant C1 value is -1.58% C _ 2 value is -0.84 KM value is 0.42, and the kinetic model constant C _ 1 value is -1.58% KM value is -0.42%. The kinetics equation was established. (4) the release of N2O from different microbes in the SND process of FMBR process resulted from the complex action of many enzymes, which resulted in the release of N2O. The main source of N2O release is denitrification process of ammoniacal oxidizing bacteria, in which nitrite is used as substrate and the intermediate product N2O is released by incomplete denitrification. Therefore, nitrite production rate has become an important control factor for N 2 O release.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：X713

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