【摘要】：湖泊水流運動和污染物的遷移路徑對湖泊水質(zhì)起著關(guān)鍵作用。采用水動力和粒子示蹤耦合模型,并結(jié)合野外粒子示蹤實驗來調(diào)查鄱陽湖洪水季節(jié)空間水流運動和污染物遷移路徑。模擬結(jié)果顯示,流域五河點源入湖污染物和湖區(qū)空間面源分布污染物均會沿著不同方向迅速進(jìn)入湖泊主河道,在快速水流推動下逐漸向北部湖區(qū)遷移,但部分污染物因東北部湖灣區(qū)存在順時針方向環(huán)流而發(fā)生長時間滯留和富集。野外粒子示蹤實驗同樣表明,東北部湖灣區(qū)污染物遷移路徑隨著該湖區(qū)水流運動表現(xiàn)得復(fù)雜多變,除了可以明顯觀察到順時針方向的污染物運動,還可以發(fā)現(xiàn)污染物向湖岸邊界和湖汊遷移,最終滯留在東北部湖灣區(qū),而康山湖區(qū)污染物在快速水流推動下主要沿主河道向西北主湖區(qū)遷移,未發(fā)現(xiàn)污染物進(jìn)入東北部湖灣區(qū)的跡象。鄱陽湖洪水季節(jié)水流運動和污染物遷移路徑具有枯水期水流-污染物傳輸特性。模擬得出鄱陽湖洪水期的平均換水周期約89 d,表明其可能需要近3個月時間才能徹底完成一次換水。研究成果可為大型通江湖泊"江湖關(guān)系變化"研究提供參考,對保護(hù)"一湖清水"、保障長江中下游水環(huán)境安全具有重要現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:The lake water flow movement and pollutant transport path play a key role in lake water quality. The hydrodynamic and particle tracer coupling model and field particle tracing experiments were used to investigate the spatial water flow movement and pollutant transport path in the flood season of Poyang Lake. The simulation results show that the point source pollutants of the five rivers and the spatial non-point source pollutants in the lake region will rapidly enter the main lake channel along different directions, and gradually migrate to the northern lake area under the impetus of rapid water flow. However, some pollutants are trapped and enriched for a long time due to clockwise circulation in the northeastern Lake Bay. Field particle tracing experiments also show that the pollutant migration path in the northeastern Lake Bay is complex and changeable with the flow of water in the lake region, except that the clockwise movement of pollutants can be observed obviously. It can also be found that the pollutants migrate to the boundary of the lake bank and the branch of the lake, and eventually stay in the northeastern lake bay, while the pollutants in the Kangshan Lake region migrate mainly along the main channel to the northwest main lake area under the driving of rapid water flow. There were no signs of pollutants entering the northeastern lake bay. The water flow movement and pollutant transport path of Poyang Lake during flood season have the characteristics of fluid-pollutant transport in dry season. The simulation results show that the average water exchange period of Poyang Lake is about 89 days, which indicates that it may take nearly three months to complete a complete water exchange. The research results can provide a reference for the study of the change of the relationship between rivers and lakes, and have important practical significance for the protection of "one lake clear water" and the protection of the water environment safety in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院南京地理與湖泊研究所流域地理學(xué)重點實驗室;中國科學(xué)院大學(xué);江西師范大學(xué)鄱陽湖濕地與流域研究教育部重點實驗室;
【基金】：江西省重大生態(tài)安全問題監(jiān)控協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心項目(JXS-EW-00) 國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(41401031,41371062,41301023)~~
【分類號】：X524
，

本文編號：2384323