山東省生態(tài)紅線劃分及生態(tài)空間管控研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-17 11:51
【摘要】：改革開放以來，隨著城市化的加速，人口劇增以及工業(yè)和科技的迅速發(fā)展，自然生態(tài)環(huán)境在人類加速掠奪式開發(fā)中遭到日益嚴重的破壞；森林破壞、土地荒漠化、水污染、空氣污染等生態(tài)環(huán)境問題日益尖銳化，2013年依始肆虐全國的霧霾使得生態(tài)問題得到高度重視。社會各界尤其是政府相關部門不斷探索如何能更有效的開展生態(tài)環(huán)境工作，在可持續(xù)發(fā)展觀和建設生態(tài)文明的發(fā)展理念指導下，生態(tài)紅線作為環(huán)境保護的創(chuàng)新形式被正式提出，生態(tài)紅線是指在重要生態(tài)功能區(qū)、生態(tài)敏感區(qū)、脆弱區(qū)等某些區(qū)域劃定的最小生態(tài)保護空間的范圍，是禁止人類生產活動的底線范圍，隨著國家重點建設生態(tài)文明以及相關規(guī)劃的相繼實施逐漸成為研究的熱點領域。 生態(tài)紅線作為環(huán)境保護的新形式，是在現(xiàn)有相關環(huán)境保護實踐工作的基礎上探索新的可操作的生態(tài)保護的措施。紅線體現(xiàn)的是一種底線思維，即以一定標準劃定范圍，此范圍作為發(fā)展的禁止區(qū)域。目前，劃定為生態(tài)紅線區(qū)包括三大重要特性：生態(tài)功能重要性、生態(tài)敏感性、脆弱性，通過評定以上要素劃定生態(tài)紅線范圍，對劃定地區(qū)進行管控，以便有效解決目前管控過程中存在的多頭管理、部門相互牽制等問題，更高效的推進生態(tài)空間保護，最終達到區(qū)域生態(tài)、社會、經濟三維空間協(xié)調可持續(xù)的發(fā)展。 本論文綜合已有的對生態(tài)空間保護的規(guī)劃和發(fā)展研究的基礎上，劃定出山東省的生態(tài)紅線范圍，在對生態(tài)紅線進行空間分布探究的基礎上，提出健全體制機制等方面的相應的空間管控機制，為生態(tài)紅線的實施提供保障。論文主要內容如下： （1）闡明生態(tài)紅線的概念，詳細闡述了生態(tài)紅線的內涵外延及其理論基礎，為山東省生態(tài)紅線的劃定和管控提供理論依據(jù)。生態(tài)紅線的建設和維護必然離不開所在區(qū)的自然條件、自然環(huán)境以及人文社會經濟支持，因此，論文闡述了山東省自然與人文背景，并且就目前生態(tài)保護進行了分析比較研究，結合山東省目前生態(tài)空間管控的現(xiàn)狀和威脅狀況，闡述了構建生態(tài)紅線的必要性和可行性。 （2）通過相關文件解讀，根據(jù)已有規(guī)劃與相關研究成果，將省級及以上的自然保護區(qū)、森麗公園、濕地公園等納入生態(tài)紅線區(qū)，劃分出山東省275處生態(tài)紅線區(qū)，總面積為1579568.15公頃，占山東省國土總面積的10.01%。根據(jù)生態(tài)紅線區(qū)的位置和不同類型繪制出山東省生態(tài)紅線區(qū)空間分布圖，得出生態(tài)紅線范圍主要集中在山東中東部地區(qū)，且由于海路兼?zhèn)�，自然條件多樣，本地區(qū)的生態(tài)紅線主導功能類型多樣，魯西平原區(qū)生態(tài)紅線面積較少，生態(tài)主導功能類型單一；在生態(tài)紅線類型中，自然保護區(qū)和森林公園所占比重最大，其中自然保護區(qū)的主導生態(tài)功能中森林保護占比29%，海洋海岸保護28%，占比最少的是地質遺跡的保護占比不足1%。 （3）由于生態(tài)空間公共物品的屬性，則必須要解決管控過程中出現(xiàn)的矛盾：主要包括管理機制不健全、多部門分制不協(xié)調、跨區(qū)域管控以及不同類型生態(tài)紅線管理措施等；要在健全機制的基礎上，針對決策、實施、管控、反饋每一環(huán)節(jié)采取措施，構建基于GIS的動態(tài)監(jiān)控平臺，確保生態(tài)紅線的高效實施，以達到省域社會、經濟、生態(tài)三維目標的協(xié)調可持續(xù)發(fā)展。 作為研究熱點的生態(tài)紅線，是生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的重要創(chuàng)新形式，在生態(tài)紅線劃分研究領域的方法多樣，本文采用的是綜合已有管理規(guī)劃措施，結合考慮生態(tài)功能重要程度、生態(tài)脆弱性等因素，劃分出具體的生態(tài)紅線控制范圍，可操作性強，符合管理實際；但是，在實際管理中，由于對部分地區(qū)依然缺乏深入的探究與考察，，目前的管控路徑的實施，都是初步探究，今后應深入結合相關技術分析、建立符合各地特征的生態(tài)空間保護區(qū)的發(fā)展和建設措施，保障生態(tài)紅線的高效實施。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening-up, with the acceleration of the urbanization, the population explosion and the rapid development of the industry and the technology, the natural ecological environment has been severely damaged in the development of the human accelerated and predatory exploitation; the forest destruction, the land desertification and the water pollution, The environmental problems such as air pollution are becoming more and more acute, and the haze of the whole country in 2013 caused the ecological problems to be highly valued. In particular, the relevant departments of the government are constantly exploring how to carry out the ecological environment work more effectively, and under the guidance of the development concept of the sustainable development view and the construction of the ecological civilization, the red line is formally put forward as an innovative form of environmental protection. the ecological red line refers to the range of the minimum ecological protection space defined in certain areas of the important ecological functional area, the ecological sensitive area, the fragile area and the like, and is the bottom line range for inhibiting the human production activities, With the country's key construction of the ecological civilization and the successive implementation of the related planning, it has become the hot spot of the research. As a new form of environmental protection, the red line is a new way to explore new and operable ecological protection on the basis of the existing related environmental protection practice. shi. The red line reflects a bottom line thinking, which is defined in a certain standard, which is the forbidden area of development The area is divided into three major characteristics: ecological function importance, ecological sensitivity and vulnerability. The ecological red line is defined by the above elements, and the area is regulated so as to effectively solve the multi-head pipe existing in the current management and control process In order to achieve the harmonious sustainable development of the regional ecological, social and economic three-dimensional space, the problems such as the mutual influence of the departments and the departments and the more efficient promotion of the protection of the ecological space will be achieved. On the basis of the research on the planning and development of the ecological space conservation, the paper, on the basis of the research on the planning and development of the ecological space conservation, defines the scope of the ecological red line in Shandong Province, and puts forward the corresponding space pipe in the aspects of sound system mechanism and so on on the basis of the exploration of the space distribution of the red line. The control mechanism is the implementation of the red line. for security. The paper is mainly The following is the following: (1) The concept of the red line is clarified, the connotation and the theoretical foundation of the red line are set forth in detail, and the demarcation and control of the red line in Shandong Province is provided. The construction and maintenance of the red line must not be separated from the natural conditions, the natural environment and the economic support of the human society. Therefore, the paper expounds the nature and the human background of Shandong, and points out the present ecological protection. By analyzing and comparing the present situation and the threat status of the current ecological space control in Shandong Province, the necessity of constructing the ecological red line is described. (2) Through the interpretation of relevant documents, according to the existing planning and relevant research results, the ecological red line area of 275 places in Shandong Province is divided according to the existing planning and relevant research results, and the total area of the ecological red line is 15795. 68. 15 hectares, accounting for the total land area of Shandong Province The spatial distribution map of the ecological red line in Shandong Province is drawn according to the position and different types of the ecological red line, and the scope of the ecological red line is mainly concentrated in the eastern part of Shandong, and due to the combination of the sea road and the natural conditions, the ecological red line in the region The type of guide function is diverse, the area of the ecological red line in the Luxi plain area is small, and the ecological dominant function type is single; in the ecological red line type, the proportion of the nature reserve and the forest park is the largest, and the forest protection in the dominant ecological function of the nature reserve accounts for more than 29%, and the ocean The coastal protection is 28%, accounting for the least of the protection of the geological heritage. The protection ratio is less than 1%. (3) Due to the property of the public goods of the ecological space, the contradiction in the control process must be solved: mainly including the failure of the management mechanism, the non-coordination of the multiple departments, the cross-regional control and the management measures of different types of ecological red lines, etc.; On the basis of the sound mechanism, measures are taken for decision-making, implementation, control and feedback, and a dynamic monitoring platform based on GIS is built, so that the efficient implementation of the ecological red line is ensured, so that the social, economic and ecological three-dimensional order of the provincial domain is achieved. The harmonious sustainable development of the subject matter is an important innovation form of the ecological environment protection as the ecological red line of the research hot spot. In the field of ecological red line division research, the comprehensive existing management planning measures are adopted, and the combination of the ecological function and the ecological function is important. According to the factors such as the degree of ecological vulnerability, the specific ecological red line control range is divided, the operability is strong, and the management practice is met; however, in the actual management, due to the lack of in-depth exploration and investigation in some areas, the current management and control path is a preliminary inquiry, and the future The development and construction measures of ecological space protected areas with different characteristics should be established in-depth in combination with relevant technical analysis.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X321
本文編號：2384158
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening-up, with the acceleration of the urbanization, the population explosion and the rapid development of the industry and the technology, the natural ecological environment has been severely damaged in the development of the human accelerated and predatory exploitation; the forest destruction, the land desertification and the water pollution, The environmental problems such as air pollution are becoming more and more acute, and the haze of the whole country in 2013 caused the ecological problems to be highly valued. In particular, the relevant departments of the government are constantly exploring how to carry out the ecological environment work more effectively, and under the guidance of the development concept of the sustainable development view and the construction of the ecological civilization, the red line is formally put forward as an innovative form of environmental protection. the ecological red line refers to the range of the minimum ecological protection space defined in certain areas of the important ecological functional area, the ecological sensitive area, the fragile area and the like, and is the bottom line range for inhibiting the human production activities, With the country's key construction of the ecological civilization and the successive implementation of the related planning, it has become the hot spot of the research. As a new form of environmental protection, the red line is a new way to explore new and operable ecological protection on the basis of the existing related environmental protection practice. shi. The red line reflects a bottom line thinking, which is defined in a certain standard, which is the forbidden area of development The area is divided into three major characteristics: ecological function importance, ecological sensitivity and vulnerability. The ecological red line is defined by the above elements, and the area is regulated so as to effectively solve the multi-head pipe existing in the current management and control process In order to achieve the harmonious sustainable development of the regional ecological, social and economic three-dimensional space, the problems such as the mutual influence of the departments and the departments and the more efficient promotion of the protection of the ecological space will be achieved. On the basis of the research on the planning and development of the ecological space conservation, the paper, on the basis of the research on the planning and development of the ecological space conservation, defines the scope of the ecological red line in Shandong Province, and puts forward the corresponding space pipe in the aspects of sound system mechanism and so on on the basis of the exploration of the space distribution of the red line. The control mechanism is the implementation of the red line. for security. The paper is mainly The following is the following: (1) The concept of the red line is clarified, the connotation and the theoretical foundation of the red line are set forth in detail, and the demarcation and control of the red line in Shandong Province is provided. The construction and maintenance of the red line must not be separated from the natural conditions, the natural environment and the economic support of the human society. Therefore, the paper expounds the nature and the human background of Shandong, and points out the present ecological protection. By analyzing and comparing the present situation and the threat status of the current ecological space control in Shandong Province, the necessity of constructing the ecological red line is described. (2) Through the interpretation of relevant documents, according to the existing planning and relevant research results, the ecological red line area of 275 places in Shandong Province is divided according to the existing planning and relevant research results, and the total area of the ecological red line is 15795. 68. 15 hectares, accounting for the total land area of Shandong Province The spatial distribution map of the ecological red line in Shandong Province is drawn according to the position and different types of the ecological red line, and the scope of the ecological red line is mainly concentrated in the eastern part of Shandong, and due to the combination of the sea road and the natural conditions, the ecological red line in the region The type of guide function is diverse, the area of the ecological red line in the Luxi plain area is small, and the ecological dominant function type is single; in the ecological red line type, the proportion of the nature reserve and the forest park is the largest, and the forest protection in the dominant ecological function of the nature reserve accounts for more than 29%, and the ocean The coastal protection is 28%, accounting for the least of the protection of the geological heritage. The protection ratio is less than 1%. (3) Due to the property of the public goods of the ecological space, the contradiction in the control process must be solved: mainly including the failure of the management mechanism, the non-coordination of the multiple departments, the cross-regional control and the management measures of different types of ecological red lines, etc.; On the basis of the sound mechanism, measures are taken for decision-making, implementation, control and feedback, and a dynamic monitoring platform based on GIS is built, so that the efficient implementation of the ecological red line is ensured, so that the social, economic and ecological three-dimensional order of the provincial domain is achieved. The harmonious sustainable development of the subject matter is an important innovation form of the ecological environment protection as the ecological red line of the research hot spot. In the field of ecological red line division research, the comprehensive existing management planning measures are adopted, and the combination of the ecological function and the ecological function is important. According to the factors such as the degree of ecological vulnerability, the specific ecological red line control range is divided, the operability is strong, and the management practice is met; however, in the actual management, due to the lack of in-depth exploration and investigation in some areas, the current management and control path is a preliminary inquiry, and the future The development and construction measures of ecological space protected areas with different characteristics should be established in-depth in combination with relevant technical analysis.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X321
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