【摘要】：人類的生存和發(fā)展離不開水資源,而在中國這個水資源十分短缺的國家,保護水資源環(huán)境顯得尤為必要和迫切。地處秦嶺、巴山深處的陜西省旬陽縣,位于中國南水北調中線工程水源區(qū)的上游,是南水北調中線工程重要的水源涵養(yǎng)區(qū)和保護區(qū),肩負著“一江清水送北京”及發(fā)展縣域經濟實現強縣富民的雙重重任。但是,由于旬陽縣水資源利用效率低下、資源配置不合理、污水處理設施不足、監(jiān)管及體制改革滯后等問題使得旬陽縣部分河段仍然存在COD、氨氮、TP超標的現象。本研究對旬陽縣漢江流域及四大支流的水質現狀進行調查,在此基礎上,運用水質管理原理,提出相應的管理措施,為旬陽縣總體環(huán)境的改善提供依據。調查結果表明,2013年旬陽縣共排放廢水780萬噸。其中工業(yè)廢水66.7萬噸,經處理54.7萬噸,處理率82%,達標廢水排放量66.7萬噸,達標率100%;城鎮(zhèn)生活污水712.3萬噸,無城市生活污水集中處理設施,生活污水主要經過簡單處理(化糞池等)后排放,處理率僅為20%—50%。而同期全縣的農藥、化肥、農膜使用強度分別為2.69kg/ha、420kg/ha(折純)和45kg/ha,飼養(yǎng)豬50.31萬頭、家禽166.51萬頭、牛2.14萬頭、羊19.91萬頭,農藥化肥的高強度使用、家禽糞便的無組織排放,較重的水土流失(縣域平均土壤侵蝕模數3800t/akm?2),是影響旬陽縣水環(huán)境質量的重要因素。在現狀調查和分析的基礎上,利用一維擴散模型,對漢江旬陽段的水環(huán)境環(huán)境進行了現狀評價,計算了相應的納污能力。最后,結合旬陽縣的實際,提出治理旬陽縣水環(huán)境污染的方式方法,并根據漢江旬陽段的納污能力提出了未來治理目標。
[Abstract]:The survival and development of human beings can not be separated from water resources, but in China, which is short of water resources, it is necessary and urgent to protect the environment of water resources. Located in the Qinling Mountains and deep in the Bashan Mountains, Xunyang County, Shaanxi Province, is located upstream of the water source area of the South-to-North Water transfer Project in China. It is an important water conservation area and protected area for the South-to-North Water transfer Project. Shoulder "a river of clear water sent to Beijing" and the development of county economy to achieve the dual task of enriching the people. However, due to the low utilization efficiency of water resources, unreasonable allocation of resources, inadequate sewage treatment facilities and lagging supervision and system reform, there are still some COD, ammonia nitrogen and TP in Xunyang County. The present situation of water quality of Hanjiang River basin and four tributaries in Xunyang County was investigated. On the basis of this, the corresponding management measures were put forward using water quality management principle, which provided the basis for the improvement of the overall environment of Xunyang County. The results showed that 7.8 million tons of wastewater were discharged in Xunyang County in 2013. Of which, 667000 tons of industrial wastewater, after treatment of 547000 tons, the treatment rate of 82, the discharge of wastewater up to 667000 tons, the standard rate of 100; There are no centralized treatment facilities for urban domestic sewage, which is mainly discharged after simple treatment (septic tank, etc.), and the treatment rate is only 20-50. In the same period, the intensity of pesticide, fertilizer and film use in the county was 2.69 kg / ha and 420 kg / ha, respectively. 503100 pigs, 1.6651 million poultry, 21400 cattle and 199100 sheep were raised. The high intensity use of pesticide fertilizer, the unorganized discharge of poultry feces and the heavy soil erosion (3800t/akm?2) are the important factors affecting the water environment quality in Xunyang County. Based on the investigation and analysis of the present situation, a one-dimensional diffusion model was used to evaluate the water environment of Xunyang section of the Hanjiang River. Finally, combined with the reality of Xunyang County, the paper puts forward the ways and methods to control the water environmental pollution in Xunyang County, and puts forward the future treatment objectives according to the capacity of Xunyang section of the Hanjiang River.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52;X143

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 胡定金;;淺談我國水污染的主要成因及防治對策[J];湖北農業(yè)科學;2010年09期

2 李守業(yè);周特奇;韓發(fā)旺;;水污染的多元化防治機制[J];河南水利與南水北調;2010年06期

3 劉波;;漢江流域安康段水污染現狀及防治對策[J];現代物業(yè)(中旬刊);2010年03期

4 劉釗;周孝德;邵磊;周厚勇;;經濟學視角下的我國水體污染治理[J];水資源與水工程學報;2009年01期

5 杜威漩;;發(fā)展循環(huán)經濟:水污染治理的根本路徑[J];水利發(fā)展研究;2009年02期

6 尚艷;;我國水污染治理的經濟學分析[J];內蒙古財經學院學報;2008年03期

7 陳貴;;城市水污染治理的企業(yè)化運作機制研究[J];科技資訊;2008年15期

8 陳思萌;黃德春;;基于馬薩模式的跨界水污染治理政策評價比較研究[J];環(huán)境保護;2008年06期

9 張超;;我國跨界公共問題治理模式研究——以跨界水污染治理為例[J];理論探討;2007年06期

10 孟偉;;中國流域水環(huán)境污染綜合防治戰(zhàn)略[J];中國環(huán)境科學;2007年05期

，

本文編號：2378789