【摘要】：甜玉米(Zea mays L.)是華南地區(qū)廣泛種植的農(nóng)作物,由于富含VE、VC、礦質(zhì)營養(yǎng)和具有甜、鮮、脆等特色深受廣大消費者青睞。然而,一旦甜玉米植株受到重金屬影響,即可通過食物鏈危害人體健康,因此,保證甜玉米的優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)對農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。目前關(guān)于甜玉米對釩的富集特性研究未見報道。通過盆栽試驗,研究了釩(V)脅迫下3個甜玉米品種(甜608、天貴和甜糯)的生長、吸收和積累V的特性。結(jié)果表明:土壤中適量V可促進玉米植株生長及其對V的吸收。隨著V脅迫水平增大,幼苗期和拔節(jié)期甜608和天貴兩個品種玉米植株生物量呈上升趨勢,而甜糯玉米生物量趨于降低,與對照比較,3個品種玉米植株最高生物量分別增加303.2%、127.6%和減少62.1%。揚花期時低水平V(≤200 mg·kg-1)脅迫對植株生長有促進作用,而高水平V(200 mg·kg-1)抑制植株生長,但總是高于對照。成熟期不同品種玉米植株生物量均呈下降趨勢,分別比對照降低47.7%、54.7%和52.2%。不同品種甜玉米植株對V的積累差異不顯著,各器官中V的含量分布為根莖葉籽。無論在幼苗期、拔節(jié)期、楊花期和成熟期,隨著V脅迫水平增大,玉米各器官對V的積累和分配比例均增大,且根部的增幅遠大于莖、葉和籽等器官,當(dāng)V處理水平為100 mg·kg-1和500 mg·kg-1時,各生長期甜608玉米植株根中V含量分別占總量的92.3%、81.0%、88.8%、80.0%及95.6%、92.2%、95.2%、92.7%;天貴根中V含量分別占總量的88.2%、67.8%、92.7%、77.3%及95.9%、84.5%、93.9%和86.0%;甜糯玉米分別為94.4%、89.2%、91.4%、76.1%及96.3%、91.6%、94.5%、76.9%。隨著V脅迫水平增大,玉米植株的富集系數(shù)(BF)增大,但轉(zhuǎn)移系數(shù)(TF)降低,二者均小于1,表明各甜玉米品種中的V主要富集在植株根部,其向地上部運輸?shù)哪芰^弱,從而導(dǎo)致植物籽實所吸收的V含量較少(0.5μg·g~(-1))。甜玉米植物是重金屬V的耐性植物。
[Abstract]:Sweet corn (Zea mays L.) It is a widely grown crop in South China. It is favored by consumers because it is rich in VE,VC, mineral nutrition and has the characteristics of sweet, fresh, crisp and so on. However, once the sweet corn plants are affected by heavy metals, it can harm human health through the food chain. Therefore, it is of great significance to ensure the high quality and high yield of sweet corn for the sustainable development of agriculture. At present, there is no report on the enrichment of vanadium in sweet corn. The growth, absorption and accumulation of V in three sweet maize varieties (sweet 608, Tiangui and sweet waxy) under vanadium (V) stress were studied by pot experiment. The results showed that suitable amount of V in soil could promote the growth and absorption of V in maize plants. With the increase of V stress level, the biomass of sweet glutinous maize and sweet waxy maize tended to increase in seedling stage and jointing stage, while the biomass of sweet waxy maize tended to decrease, compared with the control. The highest biomass of three maize varieties increased by 303.2% and decreased by 62.1%, respectively. At flowering stage, low level V (鈮，

本文編號：2358209