銅川市水環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)問題與對(duì)策研究
[Abstract]:The problem of water pollution appears constantly, and the level and requirement of water quality monitoring are improved. The quality assurance of water quality monitoring directly determines the accuracy of water quality monitoring results. With the increasing number of monitoring items and tasks, The application of automatic water quality monitoring technology should be strengthened, and the quality assurance of each link should be done well at the same time. Based on the practice of water quality monitoring, this paper mainly aims at the problems of quality assurance in water quality monitoring in Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province, improper treatment of pollutants in laboratories, and through consulting literature. Some suggestions are put forward to improve the quality assurance, improve the treatment of pollutants in the laboratory and strengthen the on-line monitoring. The main conclusions are as follows: first, the quality assurance of water quality monitoring mainly includes sampling and laboratory analysis. Aiming at the problems of non-standard sampling and single laboratory quality control measures, the following main quality assurance measures are put forward. That is to say, the monitoring section (vertical line) should be arranged reasonably in the routine monitoring and pollution source monitoring, the monitoring point position should be optimized, the monitoring time and frequency should be determined, the reasonable sampling should be made, and the samples should be preserved by the methods of refrigerating and reagents, etc. Ensure the representativeness, certainty and completeness of the sample in all aspects. In the field of laboratory quality assurance, the recovery rate of standard addition, the comparative analysis of standard materials, the comparative analysis of methods, the analysis of quality control chart, the analysis of cipher sample and cipher plus standard sample, and so on, are done well, and various methods are used to strengthen the guarantee of laboratory quality. Second, laboratory pollutants mainly include three types, waste water, waste gas and solid waste materials. Aiming at the improper treatment of pollutants and combining with the practical work of water quality monitoring, the disposal methods of inorganic waste liquid produced in the analysis are put forward. By adding reagent reaction or adjusting pH, the organic waste liquor was distilled and recovered or incinerated directly, the solid waste was treated separately according to different conditions, and the analytical and testing methods were improved, and the modern test instruments were widely used. Third, compared with traditional monitoring, automatic monitoring of water quality can reduce the workload of sampling, transportation, analysis and so on. The flow of water quality monitoring is convenient and fast, and it is a new water quality monitoring system. Combined with the online comparison of pollution sources in Tongchuan, aiming at the current on-line monitoring standards, pollution and other problems, the paper puts forward that the application of current water quality online should be strengthened, and a unified and appropriate on-line monitoring standard should be formulated. In order to reduce secondary pollution, on-line monitoring methods such as ozone oxidation method and high temperature catalytic method should be developed to reduce secondary pollution. At the same time, it is necessary to establish a perfect management system and strengthen the construction of on-line supervision and management system of pollution sources, which is effectively linked to the environmental quality monitoring system. Ensure the normal, standard and safe operation of the online monitoring system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:X832
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