基于CMAQ模型的城市大氣VOCs總量測(cè)算與控制對(duì)策
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-01 10:34
【摘要】：本文以濟(jì)南市為研究區(qū)域,選定2012年為基準(zhǔn)年,通過對(duì)濟(jì)南市金屬冶煉、有機(jī)玻璃、表面噴涂、鋼鐵生產(chǎn)等行業(yè)和機(jī)動(dòng)車的VOCs排放因子的調(diào)查,建立了濟(jì)南市重點(diǎn)污染源VOCs排放清單,運(yùn)用本地化WRF和多尺度空氣質(zhì)量模型CMAQ,結(jié)合濟(jì)南市2020年大氣污染防治行動(dòng)計(jì)劃中PM2.5控制目標(biāo),測(cè)算了濟(jì)南市VOCs總量,并運(yùn)用Hysplit后向軌跡模型探討了濟(jì)南市大氣中VOCs遷移轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律,提出了濟(jì)南市大氣VOCs控制對(duì)策。本次研究采用了第三代空氣質(zhì)量模式系統(tǒng)Models-3/CMAQ。模式系統(tǒng)采用三重網(wǎng)格嵌套,中心點(diǎn)為N36.40和E117.0°,三重網(wǎng)格距分別為36公里、12公里和4公里。通過模擬得出以下結(jié)論：(1)通過對(duì)濟(jì)南市機(jī)動(dòng)車年檢線汽油車檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)和手工采集的柴油車污染物的分析,得出濟(jì)南市機(jī)動(dòng)車排放因子分別為：VOCs為0.28 g/Km, CO為4.63 g/Km,NOx為0.82 g/Km,再根據(jù)濟(jì)南市路邊車流量信息和濟(jì)南市汽車保有量,得到濟(jì)南市機(jī)動(dòng)車尾氣VOCs年排放量為1.18萬(wàn)噸。根據(jù)鋼鐵行業(yè)/鑄造行業(yè)和表面噴涂行業(yè)采樣分析,得出鋼鐵行業(yè)/鑄造行業(yè)VOCs年排放量為2.89萬(wàn)噸,表面噴涂行業(yè)VOCs年排放量為1.28萬(wàn)噸。根據(jù)類比相似地區(qū)的煉油廠和加油站加注的VOCs排放因子,得出濟(jì)南市石油煉化行業(yè)VOCs年排放量為1.52萬(wàn)噸,加油站加注VOCs年排放量為0.05萬(wàn)噸。同時(shí)建立了濟(jì)南市火力發(fā)電、金屬冶煉等支柱行業(yè)SO2、NOx、煙粉塵的排放清單,濟(jì)南市2012年工業(yè)點(diǎn)源顆粒物排放量為398.1萬(wàn)噸、S02排放量為21.42萬(wàn)噸、NOx排放量為10.1萬(wàn)噸。無(wú)組織排放的VOCs年排放量為4.75萬(wàn)噸,顆粒物年排放量為5.1609萬(wàn)噸。(2)通過對(duì)比CMAQ模型預(yù)測(cè)獲得的PM2.5濃度與同期濟(jì)南市PM2.5在線檢測(cè)濃度數(shù)據(jù),濃度偏差均小于35%,說(shuō)明構(gòu)建的本地化CMAQ模型基本可信。以2012年排放源清單為基準(zhǔn)年,結(jié)合濟(jì)南市大氣污染防治計(jì)劃中2020年SO2、NOx、工業(yè)煙粉塵、VOCs控制目標(biāo),經(jīng)CMAQ模型預(yù)測(cè),在保證PM2.5達(dá)到控制目標(biāo)前提下,濟(jì)南市2020年VOCs的排放量控制在2.98萬(wàn)噸以內(nèi),與基準(zhǔn)年VOCs,總量相比,2020年VOCs的削減率為37%。(3)利用Hysplit反向軌跡模型對(duì)采樣期間氣團(tuán)的反向軌跡進(jìn)行分析,每24h計(jì)算一條軌跡,反演時(shí)間為168h,高度500m、1000m、1500m,經(jīng)聚類分析得出：濟(jì)南市2、9、12月均以西北氣團(tuán)為主,冷空氣攜帶濃度較高的顆粒物侵入濟(jì)南,容易形成逆溫,出現(xiàn)比較嚴(yán)重的霧霾現(xiàn)象。濟(jì)南市5月500m高空以東南氣團(tuán)為主,所占比例為90%左右。1000m、1500m高空以西北氣團(tuán)為主,所占比例為60%左右。濟(jì)南市氣壓、風(fēng)速和能見度均與VOCs變化具有一定的相關(guān)性,與Hysplit后向軌跡模型模擬的結(jié)果基本一致。(4)提出了濟(jì)南市VOCs,總量控制措施,主要包括：迅速開展全市VOCs的溯源工程、開展全市VOCs總量控制工程。制定針對(duì)濟(jì)南市VOCs的地方性排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、用空氣質(zhì)量達(dá)標(biāo)限制VOCs的排放總量。研發(fā)先進(jìn)的VOCs預(yù)防控制技術(shù)。加強(qiáng)對(duì)企業(yè)無(wú)組織排放的管控能力、相關(guān)政府部門明確責(zé)任、各司其職、統(tǒng)一規(guī)劃等措施來(lái)改善VOCs的污染現(xiàn)狀。
[Abstract]:Based on Jinan as the research area, in 2012 as the benchmark year, the VOCs emission list of key pollution sources in Jinan was established by investigating the emission factors of VOCs in industrial and motor vehicles such as metal smelting, organic glass, surface spraying, steel production and so on in Jinan. Based on the localization of WRF and multi-scale air quality model CMAQ, combined with PM2.5 control target in the air pollution control plan of Jinan in 2020, the total amount of VOCs in Jinan was calculated, and the transformation law of VOCs in Jinan atmosphere was discussed by using Hysplit backward trajectory model. The control strategy of atmospheric VOCs in Jinan is put forward. The third generation air quality model system Models-3/ CMAQ is used in this study. The mode system is nested with triple grid, the center point is N36. 40 and E117. 0 擄, the triple grid spacing is 36 km, 12 km and 4 km respectively. By means of simulation, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) The emission factors of motor vehicles in Jinan are as follows: VOCs are 0.28g/ Km, CO is 4.63g/ Km and NOx is 0.082 g/ Km. According to the road traffic information of Jinan and the car ownership of Jinan, the annual emission amount of VOCs of motor vehicles in Jinan is 1. 18 million tons. According to the sampling and analysis of steel industry/ foundry industry and surface spray industry, the annual emission of VOCs in steel industry/ foundry industry was 2.89 million tons, and the annual emission of VOCs in surface spraying industry was 1.28,000 tons. According to the VCs emission factors injected from oil refinery and gas station in similar regions, the annual emission amount of VOCs in petroleum refining industry in Jinan is 1. 52 million tons, and the annual emission amount of VOCs in gas station is 0. 05 million tons. At the same time, the emission list of SO2, NOx and smoke dust in coal industry such as Jinan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., metal smelting, etc. is established, and the emission amount of industrial point source particles in Jinan in 2012 is 398.8 million tons, and the emission amount of S02 is 21.42 million tons, and the NOx emission amount is 10,000 tons. The annual emission amount of VOCs emitted by non-organization is 47.5 million tons, and the annual discharge amount of particulate matter is 5.1609 million tons. (2) The concentration deviation is less than 35% by comparing the PM2.5 concentration obtained by the CMAQ model and the PM2.5 on-line detection concentration data in Jinan in the same period, indicating that the constructed localization CMIAQ model is basically credible. Based on the emission source list in 2012, combined with the control target of SO2, NOx, industrial smoke dust and VOCs in 2020 in Jinan Air Pollution Control Plan, the emission amount of VOCs in Jinan will be controlled within 2.98 million tons under the precondition of guaranteeing PM2.5 to reach the control objective. The reduction rate of VOCs in 2020 was 37% in 2020 compared with the baseline year VOCs. (3) The reverse trajectory of gas mass during sampling is analyzed by using the Hysplit reverse trajectory model. One track is calculated every 24h, the inversion time is 168h, and the height is 500m, 1000m and 1500m. The cluster analysis shows that Jinan's 2, 9 and 12 months are dominated by Northwest Air Corps. The cold air carries the high concentration of particulate matter into Jinan, it is easy to form the reverse temperature, and there is a serious haze phenomenon. In Jinan, 500m high altitude is dominated by southeast air mass, accounting for about 90%. The proportion is about 60% in the high altitude of 1000m and 1500m. The air pressure, wind speed and visibility of Jinan have a certain correlation with the variation of VOCs, and the results are basically consistent with the results of the model after Hysplit. (4) The control measures of VOCs and total quantity in Jinan are put forward, mainly including: carrying out the source tracing project of the city's VOCs in the city, and carrying out the control project of the total volume of VOCs in the city. Develop local emission standards for VOCs in Jinan and limit the total emission of VOCs by air quality standards. Research and development of advanced VOCs prevention and control technology. To strengthen the management and control ability of non-organization emission of enterprises, the relevant government departments have clear responsibility, each division has its functions, unified planning and other measures to improve the pollution status of VOCs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X511
本文編號(hào)：2303645
[Abstract]:Based on Jinan as the research area, in 2012 as the benchmark year, the VOCs emission list of key pollution sources in Jinan was established by investigating the emission factors of VOCs in industrial and motor vehicles such as metal smelting, organic glass, surface spraying, steel production and so on in Jinan. Based on the localization of WRF and multi-scale air quality model CMAQ, combined with PM2.5 control target in the air pollution control plan of Jinan in 2020, the total amount of VOCs in Jinan was calculated, and the transformation law of VOCs in Jinan atmosphere was discussed by using Hysplit backward trajectory model. The control strategy of atmospheric VOCs in Jinan is put forward. The third generation air quality model system Models-3/ CMAQ is used in this study. The mode system is nested with triple grid, the center point is N36. 40 and E117. 0 擄, the triple grid spacing is 36 km, 12 km and 4 km respectively. By means of simulation, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) The emission factors of motor vehicles in Jinan are as follows: VOCs are 0.28g/ Km, CO is 4.63g/ Km and NOx is 0.082 g/ Km. According to the road traffic information of Jinan and the car ownership of Jinan, the annual emission amount of VOCs of motor vehicles in Jinan is 1. 18 million tons. According to the sampling and analysis of steel industry/ foundry industry and surface spray industry, the annual emission of VOCs in steel industry/ foundry industry was 2.89 million tons, and the annual emission of VOCs in surface spraying industry was 1.28,000 tons. According to the VCs emission factors injected from oil refinery and gas station in similar regions, the annual emission amount of VOCs in petroleum refining industry in Jinan is 1. 52 million tons, and the annual emission amount of VOCs in gas station is 0. 05 million tons. At the same time, the emission list of SO2, NOx and smoke dust in coal industry such as Jinan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., metal smelting, etc. is established, and the emission amount of industrial point source particles in Jinan in 2012 is 398.8 million tons, and the emission amount of S02 is 21.42 million tons, and the NOx emission amount is 10,000 tons. The annual emission amount of VOCs emitted by non-organization is 47.5 million tons, and the annual discharge amount of particulate matter is 5.1609 million tons. (2) The concentration deviation is less than 35% by comparing the PM2.5 concentration obtained by the CMAQ model and the PM2.5 on-line detection concentration data in Jinan in the same period, indicating that the constructed localization CMIAQ model is basically credible. Based on the emission source list in 2012, combined with the control target of SO2, NOx, industrial smoke dust and VOCs in 2020 in Jinan Air Pollution Control Plan, the emission amount of VOCs in Jinan will be controlled within 2.98 million tons under the precondition of guaranteeing PM2.5 to reach the control objective. The reduction rate of VOCs in 2020 was 37% in 2020 compared with the baseline year VOCs. (3) The reverse trajectory of gas mass during sampling is analyzed by using the Hysplit reverse trajectory model. One track is calculated every 24h, the inversion time is 168h, and the height is 500m, 1000m and 1500m. The cluster analysis shows that Jinan's 2, 9 and 12 months are dominated by Northwest Air Corps. The cold air carries the high concentration of particulate matter into Jinan, it is easy to form the reverse temperature, and there is a serious haze phenomenon. In Jinan, 500m high altitude is dominated by southeast air mass, accounting for about 90%. The proportion is about 60% in the high altitude of 1000m and 1500m. The air pressure, wind speed and visibility of Jinan have a certain correlation with the variation of VOCs, and the results are basically consistent with the results of the model after Hysplit. (4) The control measures of VOCs and total quantity in Jinan are put forward, mainly including: carrying out the source tracing project of the city's VOCs in the city, and carrying out the control project of the total volume of VOCs in the city. Develop local emission standards for VOCs in Jinan and limit the total emission of VOCs by air quality standards. Research and development of advanced VOCs prevention and control technology. To strengthen the management and control ability of non-organization emission of enterprises, the relevant government departments have clear responsibility, each division has its functions, unified planning and other measures to improve the pollution status of VOCs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X511
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 林志杰;;A-P值法在泉州市城市大氣環(huán)境容量核算中的應(yīng)用[J];化學(xué)工程與裝備;2013年05期
2 范常忠;城市大氣污染物總量控制最大排放量模型法及其應(yīng)用[J];環(huán)境保護(hù)科學(xué);1996年01期
3 ;Size distribution of the secondary organic aerosol particles from the photooxidation of toluene[J];Journal of Environmental Sciences;2005年06期
4 謝紹東;宋翔宇;申新華;;應(yīng)用COPERTⅢ模型計(jì)算中國(guó)機(jī)動(dòng)車排放因子[J];環(huán)境科學(xué);2006年03期
5 田賀忠,郝吉明,陸永琪,周中平;中國(guó)生物質(zhì)燃燒排放SO_2、NO_x量的估算[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2002年02期
6 胡榮章;劉紅年;張美根;蔣維楣;張予燕;;南京地區(qū)大氣灰霾的數(shù)值模擬[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2009年04期
7 王勤耕,吳躍明,李宗愷;一種改進(jìn)的A-P值控制法[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);1997年03期
8 丁峰;趙越;伯鑫;;ADMS模型參數(shù)的敏感性分析[J];安全與環(huán)境工程;2009年05期
9 王金南;寧淼;孫亞梅;;區(qū)域大氣污染聯(lián)防聯(lián)控的理論與方法分析[J];環(huán)境與可持續(xù)發(fā)展;2012年05期
10 王鐵宇;李奇鋒;呂永龍;;我國(guó)VOCs的排放特征及控制對(duì)策研究[J];環(huán)境科學(xué);2013年12期
，本文編號(hào)：2303645
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/huanjinggongchenglunwen/2303645.html
最近更新
教材專著
