超聲波預(yù)處理耦合技術(shù)改善污泥厭氧發(fā)酵產(chǎn)酸的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-30 09:41
【摘要】：隨著我們城鎮(zhèn)污水集中處理率的要求越來(lái)越高,相伴污水處理而帶來(lái)的剩余污泥的量也越來(lái)越大。國(guó)務(wù)院最近頒布的“水污染防治行動(dòng)計(jì)劃”對(duì)污水廠污泥處理處置提出了新的要求:現(xiàn)有污泥處理處置設(shè)施應(yīng)于2017年底前基本完成達(dá)標(biāo)改造,地級(jí)及以上城市污泥無(wú)害化處理處置率應(yīng)于2020年底前達(dá)到90%以上。因此,城市污泥處理處置將是未來(lái)幾年污染控制領(lǐng)域的熱點(diǎn)和焦點(diǎn)。污泥厭氧發(fā)酵是污泥資源化、減量化與無(wú)害化處理一種有效的方式。然而剩余污泥中溶解性有機(jī)質(zhì)含量低、含固率低,可生物降解性較差。單獨(dú)將剩余污泥進(jìn)行厭氧消化時(shí)污泥的減量與產(chǎn)酸效果并不明顯。本文致力于解決水解是污泥厭氧消化的限速步驟這個(gè)問(wèn)題,采用超聲波及其耦合技術(shù)對(duì)污泥進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,達(dá)到獲得大量溶解性有機(jī)質(zhì)以提高污泥厭氧產(chǎn)酸效能的目的。主要研究結(jié)論如下:1)研究了超聲波單獨(dú)預(yù)處理污泥時(shí),對(duì)污泥破解與厭氧產(chǎn)酸的影響,并優(yōu)化了超聲波處理污泥的參數(shù)。結(jié)果表明,提高超聲波的聲能密度和作用時(shí)間均能夠提高污泥中SCOD與溶解性碳水化合物的含量,并促進(jìn)了氨氮與磷酸鹽的釋放。超聲波預(yù)處理增加了污泥中微小顆粒的含量,并促進(jìn)了污泥VSS的減量。超聲波預(yù)處理為污泥厭氧水解提供了大量的初始發(fā)酵底物,經(jīng)過(guò)超聲預(yù)處理的各實(shí)驗(yàn)組VFAs的最高濃度均大于對(duì)照組;超聲預(yù)處理減少了污泥厭氧達(dá)到最高VFAs濃度的酸化時(shí)間;當(dāng)聲能密度為1W/ml時(shí),最佳預(yù)處理時(shí)間為20min。2)超聲波與堿的耦合預(yù)處理技術(shù),對(duì)污泥破解時(shí)有機(jī)質(zhì)釋放的影響更加明顯。在相同超聲波條件下,隨著預(yù)處理時(shí)投堿量(即pH)的升高,污泥中SCOD和溶解性碳水化合物的含量大幅度升高。超聲波與堿耦合預(yù)處理污泥,提高了污泥厭氧發(fā)酵時(shí)VFAs的產(chǎn)量,但隨著投堿量的提高,污泥厭氧發(fā)酵達(dá)到最高產(chǎn)酸量的時(shí)間有所延長(zhǎng)。本實(shí)驗(yàn)中,超聲波耦合堿預(yù)處理污泥的最佳pH為10。3)首次研究了超聲波耦合表面活性劑對(duì)污泥破解與厭氧產(chǎn)酸的影響。結(jié)果表明:隨著十二烷基苯磺酸鈉(SDBS)或十六烷基三甲基氯化銨(1631)投加量的提升,污泥中SCOD和溶解性碳水化合物的含量逐步升高。在相同超聲條件下,投加量相同時(shí),SDBS比1631更加促進(jìn)了污泥中磷酸鹽的釋放,并且1631在預(yù)處理階段促進(jìn)了氨氮的積累。超聲波耦合SDBS或1631對(duì)污泥進(jìn)行預(yù)處理污泥,提高了污泥厭氧發(fā)酵過(guò)程中VFAs的產(chǎn)量,但SDBS或1631單獨(dú)作用時(shí)產(chǎn)酸量更高。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand of sewage treatment rate in cities and towns, the amount of excess sludge brought by wastewater treatment is increasing. The Water pollution Prevention Action Plan recently promulgated by the State Council has put forward new requirements for sludge treatment and disposal in sewage treatment plants: existing sludge treatment and disposal facilities should basically complete the transformation to meet the standards by the end of 2017. The disposal rate of municipal sludge at prefectural level and above should reach more than 90% by 2020. Therefore, municipal sludge treatment and disposal will be a hot spot and focus in the field of pollution control in the next few years. Sludge anaerobic fermentation is an effective way for sludge reuse, reduction and innocuity treatment. However, the content of dissolved organic matter in surplus sludge is low, the solid content is low, and the biodegradability is poor. The effect of sludge reduction and acid production was not obvious when the excess sludge was digested by anaerobic digestion alone. In order to solve the problem that hydrolysis is the rate-limiting step of anaerobic digestion of sludge, a large amount of dissolved organic matter was obtained by using ultrasonic wave and its coupling technology to improve the efficiency of anaerobic acid production of sludge. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) the effects of ultrasonic pretreatment on sludge cracking and anaerobic acid production were studied, and the parameters of ultrasonic treatment were optimized. The results showed that the increase of ultrasonic energy density and action time could increase the content of SCOD and soluble carbohydrate in sludge and promote the release of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate. Ultrasonic pretreatment increased the content of micro-particles in sludge and promoted the reduction of sludge VSS. Ultrasonic pretreatment provided a large number of initial fermentation substrates for anaerobic hydrolysis of sludge. The maximum concentration of VFAs in each experimental group was higher than that in control group, and the acidification time of anaerobic sludge reaching the highest VFAs concentration was reduced by ultrasonic pretreatment. When the sound energy density is 1W/ml, the best pretreatment time is 20min.2) the coupling pretreatment technology of ultrasonic wave and alkali has more obvious effect on the organic matter release during sludge cracking. Under the same ultrasonic condition, the content of SCOD and soluble carbohydrates in sludge increased significantly with the increase of alkali dosage (pH) during pretreatment. Ultrasonic and alkali coupling pretreatment of sludge increased the yield of VFAs during anaerobic fermentation of sludge, but with the increase of alkali input, the time of sludge anaerobic fermentation to reach the most high acid content was prolonged. In this experiment, the optimum pH of supersonic coupling alkali pretreatment sludge was 10. 3) the effect of ultrasonic coupling surfactant on sludge cracking and anaerobic acid production was studied for the first time. The results showed that the content of SCOD and soluble carbohydrate in sludge increased with the increase of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) or cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (1631). Under the same ultrasonic condition and the same dosage, SDBS promoted the release of phosphate in sludge more than 1631, and 1631 promoted the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen in pretreatment stage. Ultrasonic coupling of SDBS or 1631 to sludge pretreatment increased the yield of VFAs during anaerobic fermentation of sludge, but the acid production was higher when SDBS or 1631 acted alone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X703
本文編號(hào)：2299636
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand of sewage treatment rate in cities and towns, the amount of excess sludge brought by wastewater treatment is increasing. The Water pollution Prevention Action Plan recently promulgated by the State Council has put forward new requirements for sludge treatment and disposal in sewage treatment plants: existing sludge treatment and disposal facilities should basically complete the transformation to meet the standards by the end of 2017. The disposal rate of municipal sludge at prefectural level and above should reach more than 90% by 2020. Therefore, municipal sludge treatment and disposal will be a hot spot and focus in the field of pollution control in the next few years. Sludge anaerobic fermentation is an effective way for sludge reuse, reduction and innocuity treatment. However, the content of dissolved organic matter in surplus sludge is low, the solid content is low, and the biodegradability is poor. The effect of sludge reduction and acid production was not obvious when the excess sludge was digested by anaerobic digestion alone. In order to solve the problem that hydrolysis is the rate-limiting step of anaerobic digestion of sludge, a large amount of dissolved organic matter was obtained by using ultrasonic wave and its coupling technology to improve the efficiency of anaerobic acid production of sludge. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) the effects of ultrasonic pretreatment on sludge cracking and anaerobic acid production were studied, and the parameters of ultrasonic treatment were optimized. The results showed that the increase of ultrasonic energy density and action time could increase the content of SCOD and soluble carbohydrate in sludge and promote the release of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate. Ultrasonic pretreatment increased the content of micro-particles in sludge and promoted the reduction of sludge VSS. Ultrasonic pretreatment provided a large number of initial fermentation substrates for anaerobic hydrolysis of sludge. The maximum concentration of VFAs in each experimental group was higher than that in control group, and the acidification time of anaerobic sludge reaching the highest VFAs concentration was reduced by ultrasonic pretreatment. When the sound energy density is 1W/ml, the best pretreatment time is 20min.2) the coupling pretreatment technology of ultrasonic wave and alkali has more obvious effect on the organic matter release during sludge cracking. Under the same ultrasonic condition, the content of SCOD and soluble carbohydrates in sludge increased significantly with the increase of alkali dosage (pH) during pretreatment. Ultrasonic and alkali coupling pretreatment of sludge increased the yield of VFAs during anaerobic fermentation of sludge, but with the increase of alkali input, the time of sludge anaerobic fermentation to reach the most high acid content was prolonged. In this experiment, the optimum pH of supersonic coupling alkali pretreatment sludge was 10. 3) the effect of ultrasonic coupling surfactant on sludge cracking and anaerobic acid production was studied for the first time. The results showed that the content of SCOD and soluble carbohydrate in sludge increased with the increase of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) or cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (1631). Under the same ultrasonic condition and the same dosage, SDBS promoted the release of phosphate in sludge more than 1631, and 1631 promoted the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen in pretreatment stage. Ultrasonic coupling of SDBS or 1631 to sludge pretreatment increased the yield of VFAs during anaerobic fermentation of sludge, but the acid production was higher when SDBS or 1631 acted alone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X703
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，本文編號(hào)：2299636
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