【摘要】：生態(tài)文明建設(shè)關(guān)乎人民的福祉,是全體人民共同的事業(yè)。為了充分發(fā)揮廣大人民群眾在生態(tài)文明建設(shè)中的積極作用,我國引入了源于西方政治土壤的公眾參與制度。公眾參與理念在生態(tài)文明建設(shè)中的踐行,既要借鑒西方公眾參與制度的合理內(nèi)核,又要具有保障和維護廣大人民群眾生態(tài)權(quán)益的現(xiàn)實關(guān)懷。因此,必須以馬克思主義群眾觀作為研究和解決生態(tài)文明建設(shè)中公眾參與問題的根本指導(dǎo)思想。我國生態(tài)文明建設(shè)中的公眾參與的理論探討、制度設(shè)計和實際踐行尚處在初級階段,還存在一些爭議和問題。其中最具實踐意義的問題就是生態(tài)文明建設(shè)中公眾參與主體的界定、角色定位和功能發(fā)揮問題。本文認為,應(yīng)該根據(jù)利益相關(guān)原則、廣泛性原則和公平正義原則,對生態(tài)文明建設(shè)中公眾參與主體進行明確界定,從而為自然人、行政機關(guān)工作人員、專家等個人和各類組織主體在具體情境中獲取參與資格提供依據(jù)。相對于政府組織者、項目建設(shè)者以及提供專業(yè)知識咨詢服務(wù)的專家而言,公眾在生態(tài)文明建設(shè)中承擔(dān)的是生態(tài)信息提供者、生態(tài)權(quán)益維護者、環(huán)境立法者、制定執(zhí)行環(huán)境法律與決策的監(jiān)督者等角色。生態(tài)文明建設(shè)中公眾參與主體的主要功能在于維護公眾自身的生態(tài)權(quán)益、賦予環(huán)境管理政治正當(dāng)性、促進環(huán)境立法和決策的科學(xué)化、確保環(huán)境立法和決策的民主性和緩解生態(tài)利益沖突等。為了這些功能的充分發(fā)揮,我們應(yīng)該以群眾觀為根本指針,采取一些積極的應(yīng)對策略。
[Abstract]:The construction of ecological civilization is related to the well-being of the people and the common cause of all the people. In order to give full play to the positive role of the broad masses in the construction of ecological civilization, China has introduced the system of public participation from the western political soil. The practice of the idea of public participation in the construction of ecological civilization should not only draw lessons from the rational core of western public participation system, but also have the realistic concern of protecting and safeguarding the ecological rights and interests of the broad masses of the people. Therefore, the Marxist view of the masses must be taken as the fundamental guiding ideology to study and solve the problem of public participation in the construction of ecological civilization. The theory of public participation in the construction of ecological civilization in China, the system design and practical practice are still in the primary stage, there are still some disputes and problems. The most practical problem is the definition, role orientation and function of public participation in the construction of ecological civilization. In this paper, we should clearly define the main body of public participation in the construction of ecological civilization according to the principles of interest correlation, universality and fairness and justice, so as to be natural persons and staff members of administrative organs. Experts and other individuals and various organizational subjects in specific situations to obtain participation qualifications to provide the basis. Compared to government organizers, project builders and experts who provide professional knowledge consulting services, the public is responsible for ecological information providers, ecological rights defenders, environmental legislators in the construction of ecological civilization. The role of supervisor in formulating and enforcing environmental laws and decisions. The main function of public participation in the construction of ecological civilization is to safeguard the ecological rights and interests of the public, to give political legitimacy to environmental management, and to promote the scientization of environmental legislation and decision-making. To ensure the democratic nature of environmental legislation and decision-making and to alleviate conflicts of ecological interests. In order to give full play to these functions, we should take the mass view as the basic guideline and take some positive countermeasures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X32;D621.5

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