【摘要】：海洋傾廢是利用海洋環(huán)境的自凈作用處理廢棄物質從而減輕陸地污染程度的有效方法,但與此同時也引起了海域內(nèi)懸浮泥沙含量的增加,進而影響水體的光學性質及近岸海域沖淤變化；沿海地區(qū)經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展和海洋傾廢活動的增加給海洋環(huán)境造成了巨大的壓力,因此對傾廢區(qū)內(nèi)懸浮泥沙濃度進行監(jiān)測有利于海洋傾廢活動的監(jiān)督管理。傳統(tǒng)的懸浮泥沙監(jiān)測方法耗時耗力,難以全面、及時的監(jiān)測海域內(nèi)懸浮泥沙濃度變化；遙感技術因大面積同步監(jiān)測的優(yōu)勢而被廣泛應用,近年,新型的地球同步軌道衛(wèi)星成功發(fā)射運行,其高時間分辨率優(yōu)勢彌補了極軌衛(wèi)星傳感器重訪周期較長的缺陷,可追蹤監(jiān)測傾廢區(qū)海域的懸浮泥沙濃度的連續(xù)變化,進而分析傾廢活動引起的環(huán)境影響,也可以對非法傾倒進行監(jiān)督管理。本研究以海州灣傾廢區(qū)為例,基于FLAASH模塊對GOCI影像進行大氣校正處理,并根據(jù)現(xiàn)場實測光譜和GOCI等效波段遙感反射率之間的相關關系建立模型,開展懸浮泥沙濃度遙感反演研究；將模型應用于傾廢區(qū)海域,對傾廢區(qū)海域懸浮泥沙濃度的短時間連續(xù)變化和長時間序列變化結果進行綜合分析；結果表明：基于GOCI第四和第七波段等效遙感反射率比值為遙感因子建立的反演模型精度較高,RMSE為12.06 mg/L, MRE為25.4%,將其應用于研究區(qū)域后制作的產(chǎn)品專題圖,可以較好的反映海州灣懸浮泥沙分布及變化狀況,進而分析傾廢活動對海域產(chǎn)生的長、短期影響,綜合GOCI反演結果可知海州灣內(nèi)航道工程傾廢活動的頻繁進行引起了海域短期內(nèi)懸浮泥沙濃度的驟增,與周圍背景水體差異較大,但隨著傾廢力度的減小及海域內(nèi)水動力作用,使得傾廢區(qū)內(nèi)水體恢復較好,沒有對海洋環(huán)境造成嚴重影響,也進一步證明了GOCI的高時間分辨率優(yōu)勢對海洋傾廢連續(xù)性監(jiān)測具有重要的意義和作用。
[Abstract]:Ocean dumping is an effective way to reduce the level of land-based pollution by using the self-purification of marine environment to treat waste materials, but at the same time, it also causes the increase of suspended sediment content in the sea area. The rapid economic development of coastal areas and the increase of ocean dumping activities have put great pressure on the marine environment. So the monitoring of suspended sediment concentration in dumping area is beneficial to the supervision and management of ocean dumping activities. Traditional methods of suspended sediment monitoring are time-consuming and labor-consuming, so it is difficult to monitor the variation of suspended sediment concentration in a comprehensive and timely manner. Remote sensing technology has been widely used in recent years because of the advantage of large-scale synchronous monitoring. The successful launch and operation of the new type of geosynchronous orbit satellite has made up for the defects of the revisiting period of the polar orbit satellite sensor due to its high temporal resolution advantage, and it can track and monitor the continuous variation of suspended sediment concentration in the sea area of the dumping area. Furthermore, the environmental impact caused by dumping activities can be analyzed, and illegal dumping can also be supervised and managed. Taking the dumping area of Haizhou Bay as an example, the atmospheric correction of GOCI image is carried out based on FLAASH module, and the model is established according to the correlation between the field measured spectrum and the remote sensing reflectance of GOCI equivalent band. The remote sensing inversion of suspended sediment concentration is carried out, and the model is applied to the sea area of dumping area, and the results of short continuous variation and long time series variation of suspended sediment concentration in dumping area are analyzed synthetically. The results show that the inversion model based on the ratio of the fourth and seventh bands of GOCI, which is a remote sensing factor, has a high accuracy, and a RMSE of 12.06 mg/L, MRE is 25.4. The model is applied to the product thematic map made after the study area. It can better reflect the suspended sediment distribution and variation in Haizhou Bay, and then analyze the long-term and short-term effects of dumping activities on the sea area. The results of GOCI inversion show that the frequent dumping activities in Haizhou Bay waterway cause a sharp increase of suspended sediment concentration in the sea area in a short period of time, which is quite different from the surrounding water body, but with the decrease of the dumping intensity and the hydrodynamic effect in the sea area, It also proves that the high temporal resolution advantage of GOCI is of great significance and function to the continuous monitoring of ocean dumping.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X87;X834

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本文編號：2289168