【摘要】：油田區(qū)土壤具有潛在的PAHs(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons)污染風險,而以硝酸根為電子受體的反硝化作用可能在PAHs的厭氧代謝中起到重要作用.以具有50多年歷史的江漢油田區(qū)域為對象,從該油田的油井口附近采集了9個土壤樣品,編號為JH-1~JH-9,以反硝化相關的nir K(Cu-亞硝酸還原酶基因)和nirS(細胞色素cd1-亞硝酸還原酶基因)為分子標識,通過定量PCR及克隆文庫結(jié)合T-RFLP(terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism)的方法,研究典型油田區(qū)土壤反硝化微生物的群落結(jié)構,并探討其與土壤環(huán)境因子之間的關系.結(jié)果表明,該油田區(qū)土壤中nirK基因的豐度高于nirS基因,PAHs含量最高的土壤樣品(JH-4)中反硝化功能基因nir K和nir S的豐度均最低,相關性分析表明,土壤nir K及nirS基因的豐度均與土壤PAHs含量呈顯著負相關(nirK:R2=0.54,P0.05;nirS:R~2=0.58,P0.05).克隆文庫及T-RFLP的結(jié)果則表明,該油田土壤中nirK基因的群落組成在不同樣品間的變異較大,且PAHs含量最高的JH-4中該基因的群落組成與其它各樣品有明顯的不同,RDA(redundancy analysis)的分析結(jié)果進一步表明除有效氮、有效磷外,土壤PAHs含量也是影響nirK型反硝化微生物群落組成的重要因子.相較于nirK,該油田區(qū)土壤中nirS基因的群落組成在不同樣品間的差異較小,但發(fā)現(xiàn)nirS型假單胞菌的豐度與土壤PAHs含量呈正相關,表明具備較強有機污染物降解能力的假單胞菌屬可能在該區(qū)域土壤PAHs的反硝化代謝中起到重要作用.
[Abstract]:Soil in oilfield area has potential risk of PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) pollution, and denitrification with nitrate as electron receptor may play an important role in anaerobic metabolism of PAHs. Nine soil samples were collected from the area of Jianghan Oilfield, which has a history of more than 50 years. JH-1~JH-9, was labeled by denitrification-related nir K (Cu- nitrite reductase gene and nirS (cytochrome cd1- nitrite reductase gene). T-RFLP (terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism) was combined with quantitative PCR and clone library. The community structure of soil denitrification microorganisms in typical oilfields was studied and the relationship between denitrification microorganism and soil environmental factors was discussed. The results showed that the abundance of nirK gene in soil was higher than that of nirS gene in the soil of this oilfield area, and the abundance of nir K and nir S in the soil samples with the highest PAHs content (JH-4) was the lowest. The correlation analysis showed that the abundance of nir K and nir S was the lowest in the soil samples with the highest PAHs content. The abundance of nir K and nirS genes was negatively correlated with soil PAHs content (nirK:R2=0.54,P0.05;nirS:R~2=0.58,P0.05). The results of clone library and T-RFLP showed that the community composition of nirK gene in the soil of the oilfield varied greatly among different samples. The community composition of this gene in JH-4 with the highest PAHs content was significantly different from that of other samples. The results of, RDA (redundancy analysis) analysis further indicated that there were not only available nitrogen and available phosphorus, but also available nitrogen and phosphorus. Soil PAHs content is also an important factor affecting the composition of nirK denitrification microbial community. Compared with nirK, the community composition of nirS gene in soil of nirK, oil field area showed little difference among different samples, but it was found that the abundance of nirS type Pseudomonas was positively correlated with the content of PAHs in soil. It was suggested that Pseudomonas with strong ability to degrade organic pollutants might play an important role in the denitrification metabolism of soil PAHs in this region.
【作者單位】： 西南大學資源環(huán)境學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(41371477) 中央高校基本科研業(yè)務費專項(2014B047)
【分類號】：X172;X53

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