【摘要】：軋制油泥是鋼鐵生產(chǎn)過程中的副產(chǎn)品,主要由金屬顆粒、水和廢油組成。隨著中國鋼鐵行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,每年都會產(chǎn)生大量的軋制油泥。因為它會對水源或者土壤造成危害,軋制油泥已經(jīng)成為一個巨大的環(huán)境問題。如果可以好好利用,不僅有利于環(huán)境保護(hù),還可使資源得到重復(fù)利用。軋制油泥分為上層軋制廢油與下層油泥兩部分,針對這兩部分分別采取不同的方式進(jìn)行處理。首先對于上層軋制廢油,采用絮凝為主其他方法為輔的方法對其進(jìn)行再生。以陽離子聚丙烯酰胺為絮凝劑,通過正交試驗篩選的優(yōu)化最佳絮凝條件為：廢油：陽離子聚丙烯酰胺的質(zhì)量比=5：1、攪拌時間=30mmin、攪拌溫度=25℃、攪拌速率=700 r/min、廢油：20%堿量=5 ml/g。通過絮凝處理后,廢油的物理性質(zhì)明顯改善。隨后,進(jìn)行減壓精餾、減壓蒸餾、吸附精制等操作,最后對過濾+絮凝+蒸餾、過濾+絮凝+精餾、過濾+絮凝+白土精制三條工藝進(jìn)行技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)比選。而針對軋制底泥,我們首先采用“堿液+超聲”的方法對其進(jìn)行除油,并考察堿液的濃度、堿液與底泥的比例以及超聲時間對金屬回收率的影響,最佳的除油條件是：堿液濃度為5%,堿液：底泥--6：1、超聲時間為25mmin,對應(yīng)的回收率為63%。分析結(jié)果表明,處理后的固體金屬粉末形狀蓬松,分散性好,其主要成分為鐵、鉻、鎳、錳的單質(zhì)金屬元素及其氧化物,這四種元素含量在70%以上。之后將這種含鐵的金屬粉末作為鐵源制備Fe2O3/graphene復(fù)合材料,并用作陽極電池材料,在電流密度為100 mA/g下,恒流充放電100圈后,鋰電容量仍達(dá)560mAh/g,并且在2000和5000mA/g的高電流密度下,容量仍達(dá)508和380mAh/g。
[Abstract]:Rolling sludge is a by-product of iron and steel production process, mainly composed of metal particles, water and waste oil. With the rapid development of iron and steel industry in China, a large number of rolling sludge will be produced every year. Rolling mud has become a huge environmental problem because it can harm water or soil. If we can make good use of it, it is not only beneficial to environmental protection, but also to the reuse of resources. The rolling sludge is divided into upper rolling waste oil and lower layer oil, which are treated in different ways. Firstly, the upper rolling waste oil was regenerated by flocculation and other methods. Using cationic polyacrylamide as flocculant, the optimum flocculating conditions were as follows: mass ratio of waste oil: cationic polyacrylamide = 5: 1, stirring time = 30 min, stirring temperature = 25 鈩，

本文編號：2278350