【摘要】：相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)的硝化反硝化工藝,單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮工藝能節(jié)約100%有機(jī)物,節(jié)省60%供氧量,同時(shí)其污泥產(chǎn)量?jī)H為傳統(tǒng)脫氮工藝污泥產(chǎn)量的10%,因此單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮工藝是低能耗的生物脫氮工藝,這將大幅度降低C/N比廢水的處理成本,例如,垃圾滲濾液,養(yǎng)殖廢水,污泥消化液和焦化廢水等。然而由于厭氧氨氧化菌的低生長(zhǎng)速率以及低產(chǎn)率,單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮工藝通常需要經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的啟動(dòng)過(guò)程,所以該工藝的推廣應(yīng)用受到了限制。本論文以普通活性污泥為接種污泥,在序批式生物膜反應(yīng)器內(nèi)研究了單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮工藝的快速啟動(dòng),優(yōu)化了單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮工藝的啟動(dòng)過(guò)程,有效地縮短了單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮工藝的啟動(dòng)時(shí)間,利用PCR-DGGE技術(shù)鑒定了單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的優(yōu)勢(shì)菌群,研究了曝氣量對(duì)單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮系統(tǒng)脫氮效率的影響。主要結(jié)論如下:(1)以普通活性污泥為接種污泥,在SBBR內(nèi)在連續(xù)供氧的情況下首先實(shí)現(xiàn)部分短程硝化,然后再以間歇供氧的方式啟動(dòng)厭氧氨氧化的啟動(dòng)策略可在50d之內(nèi)成功啟動(dòng)單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮工藝。成功啟反應(yīng)器后,氨氮容積去除負(fù)荷達(dá)到0.17kg N/(m3·d),氨氮的平均去除率為98.68%,總氮的平均去除率達(dá)到80.87%。(2)單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮工藝的啟動(dòng),長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定的部分亞硝化階段不是必須的,減少部分亞硝化階段可以有效縮短單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮工藝的啟動(dòng)時(shí)間。本實(shí)驗(yàn)中,當(dāng)亞硝酸鹽積累率達(dá)到63%,氨氮去除率達(dá)到84%時(shí),立即將供氧方式由連續(xù)曝氣改為停曝比為2:2的間歇曝氣,間歇曝氣避免了亞硝酸鹽濃度的升高,防止了高濃度亞硝酸鹽對(duì)An AOB的抑制作用,并使得厭氧氨氧化菌的富集與亞硝酸鹽氧化菌的淘汰同時(shí)進(jìn)行,有利于反應(yīng)器的快速啟動(dòng)。(3)在單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮系統(tǒng)內(nèi),優(yōu)勢(shì)菌為浮霉菌門下的Candidatus Brocadia和β-變形菌綱的下Nitrosomonas。(4)曝氣量由48L/h增至88L/h過(guò)程中,單級(jí)自養(yǎng)脫氮系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定,氨氮的去除速率隨之升高,總氮的平均去除負(fù)荷由0.29 kg N/(m3·d)提高至0.57 kg-N/(m3·d),亞硝化反應(yīng)是脫氮過(guò)程的限速步驟。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional nitrification and denitrification process, the single-stage autotrophic denitrification process can save 100% organic matter and 60% oxygen supply. At the same time, the sludge output is only 10% of that of the traditional denitrification process, so the single-stage autotrophic denitrification process is a low energy consumption biological nitrogen removal process, which will greatly reduce the cost of C / N ratio wastewater treatment, such as landfill leachate, aquaculture wastewater, Sludge digestion fluid and coking wastewater. However, because of the low growth rate and low yield of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, the single-stage autotrophic denitrification process usually takes a long time to start, so the application of this process is limited. In this paper, the start-up of single stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process was studied in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor, and the start-up process of single stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process was optimized. The start-up time of single stage autotrophic denitrification process was shortened effectively. The dominant flora in single stage autotrophic denitrification system was identified by PCR-DGGE technique, and the effect of aeration rate on denitrification efficiency of single stage autotrophic denitrification system was studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) with ordinary activated sludge as inoculation sludge, partial short-cut nitrification was first realized under the condition of continuous oxygen supply in SBBR. Then the start-up strategy of anaerobic ammonia oxidation was initiated by intermittent oxygen supply. The single stage autotrophic denitrification process could be successfully started within 50 days. After the successful start-up of the reactor, the volumetric removal load of ammonia nitrogen reached 0.17kg N / (m 3 d), ammonia nitrogen removal rate was 98.68 and the average removal rate of total nitrogen reached 80.87. (2) the start-up of single-stage autotrophic denitrification process, long-term stable partial nitrification stage is not necessary. The start-up time of single stage autotrophic denitrification process can be effectively shortened by reducing partial nitrosation stage. In this experiment, when the nitrite accumulation rate reached 63 and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached 84, the oxygen supply mode was immediately changed from continuous aeration to intermittent aeration with a stop aeration ratio of 2:2, and the increase of nitrite concentration was avoided by intermittent aeration. It can prevent the inhibitory effect of high concentration nitrite on An AOB, and make the enrichment of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and the elimination of nitrite oxidation bacteria at the same time. (3) in the single-stage autotrophic denitrification system, it is beneficial to the rapid start-up of the reactor. In the process of increasing the aeration rate of Candidatus Brocadia and Nitrosomonas. (4) from 48L/h to 88L/h, the single stage autotrophic nitrogen removal system was stable, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen increased. The average removal load of total nitrogen was increased from 0.29 kg N / (m3 d) to 0.57 kg-N/ (m 3 d), nitrification was the rate-limiting step in the denitrification process).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 張小玲,王志盈,彭黨聰,王曉昌;低溶解氧下活性污泥法的短程硝化研究[J];中國(guó)給水排水;2003年07期

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本文編號(hào)：2271668