江西省生態(tài)安全格局構(gòu)建
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-07 19:28
【摘要】：生態(tài)安全格局是在了解區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,為改善生態(tài)環(huán)境問題和保護生態(tài)環(huán)境,通過對區(qū)域內(nèi)的自然要素和人為要素進行規(guī)劃設(shè)計和布局組合,得到由點、線、面構(gòu)成的空間要素優(yōu)化配置方案。生態(tài)安全格局作為實現(xiàn)區(qū)域生態(tài)安全的重要手段和途徑,為生態(tài)環(huán)境管理和保護提供了提供新方法。本文以江西省為研究區(qū),基于景觀生態(tài)安全格局、生態(tài)安全評價和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)理論,結(jié)合RS和GIS技術(shù),系統(tǒng)分析了2000年、2005年和2010年生態(tài)安全狀況及其變化趨勢。采用生態(tài)服務(wù)重要性評價和生態(tài)敏感性評價方法,劃定江西省生態(tài)紅線范圍。在生態(tài)安全評價結(jié)果和生態(tài)紅線劃分結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,利用最小累積阻力模型,構(gòu)建江西省生態(tài)安全格局。本文研究的主要內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下：(1)結(jié)合生態(tài)安全評價和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康評價構(gòu)建了江西省生態(tài)安全評價指標(biāo)體系,綜合評價分析江西省2000年至2010年的生態(tài)安全狀況及其變化趨勢。評價結(jié)果顯示江西省2000年、2005年、2010年的生態(tài)安全指數(shù)平均值分別為63.0794、63.3211、63.2933,生態(tài)安全水平隨時間呈現(xiàn)出先上升后下降趨勢,但整體變化較小。在生態(tài)安全評價結(jié)果中,全省有74.29%、76.24%、75.68%的區(qū)域處于較安全或安全等級,因此江西省生態(tài)安全狀況較好。(2)以行政區(qū)為單元,綜合分析2000年、2005年、2010年的江西省各市生態(tài)安全評價結(jié)果后認為：撫州市是江西省各地市中生態(tài)安全水平最高的城市,萍鄉(xiāng)市生態(tài)安全水平最低。吉安市、景德鎮(zhèn)市和宜春市的生態(tài)安全水平相對高于其他各地市,但次于撫州市。鷹潭市、上饒市和贛州市三市生態(tài)安全水平處于中等水平。而新余市、南昌市、九江市是除萍鄉(xiāng)市以外生態(tài)安全水平最低的城市。(3)通過生物多樣性保護功能、土壤保持功能、水源涵養(yǎng)功能等生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)重要性評價以及水土流失敏感性和地質(zhì)災(zāi)害敏感性評價等評價結(jié)果,綜合劃定江西省生態(tài)紅線,其總面積為59608.16km2,占全省面積的35.71%。生態(tài)紅線區(qū)域主要分布在東北部的懷玉山,東部沿省界延伸的武夷山,南部的南嶺,西部與西北部的羅霄山、九嶺山、幕阜山地區(qū),鄱陽湖區(qū)和江西中部的雩山地區(qū)。在生態(tài)紅線區(qū)域內(nèi),林地分布面積最多,為86.95%,其次是濕地,其他土地利用類型分布較少。(4)本文以2010年生態(tài)安全評價結(jié)果中的較安全、安全等級區(qū)域和生態(tài)紅線區(qū)作為生態(tài)安全格局構(gòu)建的生態(tài)“源地”,以較不安全、不安全等級區(qū)域和城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)用地作為城鎮(zhèn)用地擴張源地�；谧钚±鄯e阻力模型分別計算其最小累積阻力值,通過最小累積阻力差值確定生態(tài)廊道、輻射通道和關(guān)鍵生態(tài)戰(zhàn)略節(jié)點等生態(tài)安全格局組分,綜合構(gòu)建江西省生態(tài)安全格局。其中低水平生態(tài)安全格局面積為68465.63km2,占全省國土面積的41.01%；中水平生態(tài)安全格局和高水平生態(tài)安全格局面積分別是56086.52km2,26013.70km2,各占研究區(qū)總面積的33.60%,15.58%。
[Abstract]:Ecological security pattern is based on the understanding of the current situation of the regional ecological environment, in order to improve the ecological environment problems and protect the ecological environment, by planning and designing the natural and human elements in the region, we can get the points and lines. The optimal allocation scheme of spatial elements formed by plane. As an important means and way to realize regional ecological security, ecological security pattern provides a new method for ecological environment management and protection. Based on landscape ecological security pattern, ecological security assessment and ecosystem service theory, combined with RS and GIS technology, this paper systematically analyzed the ecological security situation and its changing trend in 2000, 2005 and 2010 in Jiangxi Province. Ecological service importance evaluation and ecological sensitivity evaluation were adopted to delimit the range of ecological red line in Jiangxi Province. Based on the results of ecological security evaluation and the division of ecological red lines, the ecological security pattern of Jiangxi Province was constructed by using the minimum cumulative resistance model. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the ecological security evaluation index system of Jiangxi Province is constructed by combining ecological security assessment with ecosystem health assessment. Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2010 ecological security situation and its changing trend. The results showed that the average ecological security index in Jiangxi Province in 2000, 2005 and 2010 was 63.0794, 63.32111.63.2933, respectively. The level of ecological security increased first and then decreased with time, but the overall change was relatively small. Of the ecological security evaluation results, 74.29 and 75.68% of the regions in Jiangxi Province are in the safe or safe grade. Therefore, the ecological security situation in Jiangxi Province is better. (2) take the administrative region as the unit, After comprehensive analysis of the ecological security evaluation results of Jiangxi Province in 2000, 2005 and 2010, it is concluded that Fuzhou is the city with the highest level of ecological security, and Pingxiang has the lowest level of ecological security. The ecological safety level of Ji'an, Jingdezhen and Yichun is higher than that of other cities, but it is inferior to Fuzhou. Yingtan City, Shangrao City and Ganzhou City three cities ecological security level in the medium level. While Xinyu, Nanchang and Jiujiang are the cities with the lowest level of ecological security except Pingxiang. (3) soil conservation functions through biodiversity conservation, The evaluation results of importance of ecosystem services such as water conservation function, sensitivity of soil and water loss and sensitivity of geological hazards, and so on, comprehensively delineate the ecological red line of Jiangxi Province, with a total area of 59608.16 km ~ 2, accounting for 35.71% of the province's area. The ecological red line is mainly distributed in Huayu Mountain in the northeast, Wuyi Mountain in the east along the province boundary, Nanling in the south, Luo Xiao Mountain in the west and northwest, Jiuling Mountain, Mufu Mountain area, Poyang Lake area and the Gaoshan area in the central Jiangxi Province. In the region of ecological red line, forest land distribution area is the most, 86.95, followed by wetland, and other land use types are less. (4) the result of ecological security evaluation in 2010 is safer in this paper. The safety grade region and the ecological red line area are regarded as the ecological "source" for the construction of the ecological security pattern, and the unsafe, unsafe grade regions and the urban construction land are used as the urban land expansion sources. Based on the minimum cumulative resistance model, the minimum cumulative resistance value was calculated, and the ecological security pattern components such as ecological corridor, radiation channel and key ecological strategic node were determined by the minimum cumulative resistance difference, and the ecological security pattern of Jiangxi Province was constructed synthetically. The area of low level ecological security pattern was 68465.63 km2, accounting for 41.01 of the whole province's land area, and the middle level ecological security pattern and the high level ecological security pattern area were 56086.52 km2 ~ 26013.70 km ~ 2, accounting for 33.60 ~ 15.58 km ~ (2) of the total area of the study area respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X171.4
本文編號：2229198
[Abstract]:Ecological security pattern is based on the understanding of the current situation of the regional ecological environment, in order to improve the ecological environment problems and protect the ecological environment, by planning and designing the natural and human elements in the region, we can get the points and lines. The optimal allocation scheme of spatial elements formed by plane. As an important means and way to realize regional ecological security, ecological security pattern provides a new method for ecological environment management and protection. Based on landscape ecological security pattern, ecological security assessment and ecosystem service theory, combined with RS and GIS technology, this paper systematically analyzed the ecological security situation and its changing trend in 2000, 2005 and 2010 in Jiangxi Province. Ecological service importance evaluation and ecological sensitivity evaluation were adopted to delimit the range of ecological red line in Jiangxi Province. Based on the results of ecological security evaluation and the division of ecological red lines, the ecological security pattern of Jiangxi Province was constructed by using the minimum cumulative resistance model. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the ecological security evaluation index system of Jiangxi Province is constructed by combining ecological security assessment with ecosystem health assessment. Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2010 ecological security situation and its changing trend. The results showed that the average ecological security index in Jiangxi Province in 2000, 2005 and 2010 was 63.0794, 63.32111.63.2933, respectively. The level of ecological security increased first and then decreased with time, but the overall change was relatively small. Of the ecological security evaluation results, 74.29 and 75.68% of the regions in Jiangxi Province are in the safe or safe grade. Therefore, the ecological security situation in Jiangxi Province is better. (2) take the administrative region as the unit, After comprehensive analysis of the ecological security evaluation results of Jiangxi Province in 2000, 2005 and 2010, it is concluded that Fuzhou is the city with the highest level of ecological security, and Pingxiang has the lowest level of ecological security. The ecological safety level of Ji'an, Jingdezhen and Yichun is higher than that of other cities, but it is inferior to Fuzhou. Yingtan City, Shangrao City and Ganzhou City three cities ecological security level in the medium level. While Xinyu, Nanchang and Jiujiang are the cities with the lowest level of ecological security except Pingxiang. (3) soil conservation functions through biodiversity conservation, The evaluation results of importance of ecosystem services such as water conservation function, sensitivity of soil and water loss and sensitivity of geological hazards, and so on, comprehensively delineate the ecological red line of Jiangxi Province, with a total area of 59608.16 km ~ 2, accounting for 35.71% of the province's area. The ecological red line is mainly distributed in Huayu Mountain in the northeast, Wuyi Mountain in the east along the province boundary, Nanling in the south, Luo Xiao Mountain in the west and northwest, Jiuling Mountain, Mufu Mountain area, Poyang Lake area and the Gaoshan area in the central Jiangxi Province. In the region of ecological red line, forest land distribution area is the most, 86.95, followed by wetland, and other land use types are less. (4) the result of ecological security evaluation in 2010 is safer in this paper. The safety grade region and the ecological red line area are regarded as the ecological "source" for the construction of the ecological security pattern, and the unsafe, unsafe grade regions and the urban construction land are used as the urban land expansion sources. Based on the minimum cumulative resistance model, the minimum cumulative resistance value was calculated, and the ecological security pattern components such as ecological corridor, radiation channel and key ecological strategic node were determined by the minimum cumulative resistance difference, and the ecological security pattern of Jiangxi Province was constructed synthetically. The area of low level ecological security pattern was 68465.63 km2, accounting for 41.01 of the whole province's land area, and the middle level ecological security pattern and the high level ecological security pattern area were 56086.52 km2 ~ 26013.70 km ~ 2, accounting for 33.60 ~ 15.58 km ~ (2) of the total area of the study area respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X171.4
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，本文編號：2229198
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