【摘要】：為了解湖北省集約化生豬養(yǎng)殖系統(tǒng)的資源消耗及環(huán)境影響程度和識(shí)別重點(diǎn)生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)造成的環(huán)境問題,基于生命周期評價(jià)(life cycle assessment,LCA)理論和Sima Pro(Version7.1.8)軟件,利用Eco-indicator99生態(tài)指數(shù)法環(huán)境影響評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系對湖北省集約化生豬養(yǎng)殖系統(tǒng)的環(huán)境影響進(jìn)行了評估。結(jié)果表明:1)集約化養(yǎng)殖系統(tǒng)的環(huán)境單一評分為45.13分;2)主要的影響類型是土地占用(59.84%)、吸入無機(jī)物對呼吸系統(tǒng)損害(14.29%)、化石資源消耗(9.97%)、致癌物損害(7.80%)、酸化/富營養(yǎng)化(5.18%)、氣候變化(1.90%);3)環(huán)境單一評分構(gòu)成中仔豬生產(chǎn)階段比例占17.91%,斷奶后育肥階段比例占82.09%,而且仔豬生產(chǎn)和育肥階段的飼料消耗對土地占用、致癌物損害影響類型貢獻(xiàn)較大,日常生產(chǎn)管理和糞污處理對吸入無機(jī)物對呼吸系統(tǒng)損害、酸化/富營養(yǎng)化、氣候變化影響類型貢獻(xiàn)較大;4)損害結(jié)果表明對人體健康影響最大環(huán)節(jié)是日常生產(chǎn)管理,對生態(tài)質(zhì)量、資源消耗影響最大環(huán)節(jié)是飼料消耗。由此表明研究結(jié)果對生豬生產(chǎn)過程中減少資源消耗,采取降低環(huán)境影響的方法和措施,推動(dòng)生豬養(yǎng)殖可持續(xù)發(fā)展有指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the resource consumption and environmental impact of intensive hog breeding system in Hubei Province and identify the environmental problems caused by key production links, based on the theory of life cycle evaluation (life cycle assessment,LCA) and Sima Pro (Version7.1.8) software, The environmental impact of intensive pig breeding system in Hubei Province was evaluated by Eco-indicator99 ecological index method. The results showed that the single environmental score of the intensive farming system was 45.13 min / 2) the main types of influence were land occupation (59.84%), respiratory damage caused by inhalation of inorganic matter (14.29%), consumption of fossil resources (9.97%), carcinogen damage (7.80%), acidification / eutrophication (5.18%). Climate change (1.90%) / 3) the proportion of piglets in production stage was 17.91 and that in postweaning fattening stage was 82.09, and the feed consumption of piglet production and fattening stage occupied land. The types of carcinogen damage have a great contribution. Daily production management and fecal disposal can damage respiratory system, acidification and eutrophication by inhaling inorganic substances. The results showed that the greatest impact on human health was daily production management, and the biggest impact on ecological quality and resource consumption was feed consumption. The results show that the research results can be used to reduce the consumption of resources, to reduce the environmental impact and to promote the sustainable development of pig breeding.
【作者單位】： 華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)科動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)院;武漢中糧肉食品有限公司;宜城市畜牧獸醫(yī)局;仙桃市畜牧獸醫(yī)局;
【基金】：國家國際合作專項(xiàng)(S2013GR0322)
【分類號】：X82

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