【摘要】：為了研究啶蟲脒和殺螟硫磷在煙田中使用后的殘留消解情況,及時全面準(zhǔn)確地評價其生態(tài)環(huán)境行為,指導(dǎo)啶蟲脒和殺螟硫磷及其相關(guān)制劑的科學(xué)合理施用。本文通過添加回收率實驗研究并建立了煙田樣品中啶蟲脒和殺螟硫磷殘留量的同時分析與檢測方法,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過田間試驗和室內(nèi)檢測分析,較為系統(tǒng)地研究了20%啶蟲脒·殺螟硫磷水乳劑在煙田中使用后其有效成分啶蟲脒和殺螟硫磷在煙田土壤、烤煙葉和鮮煙葉中的殘留消解情況,初步提出了20%啶蟲脒·殺螟硫磷水乳劑在煙田中科學(xué)合理使用的建議。另外,還研究了啶蟲脒或殺螟硫磷在六種供試土壤中的吸附行為與規(guī)律,及其影響因素；同時還研究了不同種類和用量的活性炭對啶蟲脒或殺螟硫磷在六種供試土壤中吸附的影響。本研究的主要結(jié)果如下：(1)研究并建立了高效氣相色譜法(GC-ECD)同時分析與檢測啶蟲脒和殺螟硫磷在煙田樣品中殘留量的技術(shù)方法。當(dāng)啶蟲脒或殺螟硫磷的添加濃度在0.05～1.00mg/kg范圍時,啶蟲脒或殺螟硫磷在煙田樣品中的回收率為71.36%-106.28%之間,相對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差為1.51%-9.20%。啶蟲脒(或殺螟硫磷)的最小檢出量均為5.0×10×g,其在煙田土壤、烤煙葉、鮮煙葉中的最低檢出濃度均為0.05mg/kg。結(jié)果表明：該分析與檢測方法符合農(nóng)藥殘留量分析與檢測的技術(shù)要求,可以應(yīng)用于實際樣品的分析與檢測。(2)于2013年和2014年在湖南長沙和山東青島進行了20%啶蟲脒·殺螟硫磷水乳劑在煙田中的殘留試驗,結(jié)果表明：啶蟲脒或殺螟硫磷在煙田土壤和鮮煙葉中的消解半衰期(T1/2)分別為3.32d～11.61d、2.35d～6.21d,這說明啶蟲脒和殺螟硫磷在煙田中消解較快,屬易消解農(nóng)藥,不會造成累積性殘留。將20%啶蟲脒·殺螟硫磷水乳劑按低劑藥量300 g/ha和高劑藥量450g/ha分別在煙田中施藥2-3次,結(jié)果表明：在施藥后35d,啶蟲脒和殺螟硫磷在烤煙葉中的殘留量均低于1.3305mg/kg,小于啶蟲脒在我國農(nóng)業(yè)行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(NY 1500-2007)制定的煙葉最大殘留量限值10.0mg/kg(3)啶蟲脒或殺螟硫磷在六種供試土壤中的吸附平衡時間為24h,用Freundlich和線性等溫吸附方程擬合啶蟲脒或殺螟硫磷在六種供試土壤中的吸附過程,其相關(guān)系數(shù)均達0.85以上。殺螟硫磷在六種供試土壤中的吸附大小順序為吉林黑土廣西紅壤湖南潮土河南潮土湖南紅壤山東褐土；而啶蟲脒在六種供試土壤中的吸附大小順序為廣西紅壤湖南紅壤湖南潮土吉林黑土山東褐土河南潮土。(4)不同種類和用量的活性炭的加入,使殺螟硫磷在六種供試土壤中的吸附量有所提高,而啶蟲脒在六種供試土壤中的吸附量有所下降。
[Abstract]:In order to study the residue digestion of acetamiprid and fenitrothion in tobacco field, evaluate their ecological environment behavior in time and accurately, and guide the scientific and rational application of acetamiprid and fenitrothion and their related preparations, the residues of acetamiprid and fenitrothion in tobacco field samples were studied and established by adding recovery experiments. The residue digestion of acetamiprid and Acetamiprid in tobacco field soil, flue-cured tobacco leaves and fresh tobacco leaves was studied systematically by field test and laboratory test. In addition, the adsorption behavior and regularity of acetamiprid or fenitrothion in six tested soils and its influencing factors were studied, and the effects of different kinds and dosages of activated carbon on the adsorption of acetamiprid or fenitrothion in six tested soils were also studied. The main results are as follows: (1) A high performance gas chromatography (GC-ECD) method was developed for simultaneous analysis and determination of acetamiprid and parathion residues in tobacco field samples. The relative standard deviation was 1.51%-9.20%. The minimum detectable amount of Acetamiprid (or Trimethoprim) was 5.0 The results showed that the half-lives (T1/2) of acetamiprid and Acetamiprid in tobacco soil and fresh tobacco leaves were 3.32-11.61 d, 2.35-6.21 d, respectively. The results showed that the residues of acetamiprid and parathion in flue-cured tobacco leaves were lower than 1.33 on the 35th day after the application of acetamiprid and parathion in flue-cured tobacco leaves. 05mg/kg, less than the maximum residue limit of 10.0mg/kg(3) of acetamiprid or fenitrothion in the six tested soils set by China's Agricultural Industry Standard (NY 1500-2007). The adsorption equilibrium time of acetamiprid or fenitrothion in the six tested soils was 24 hours. The adsorption process of acetamiprid or fenitrothion in the six tested soils was fitted by Freundlich and linear isothermal adsorption equation. The adsorption order of pyrimidine in the six tested soils was Jilin black soil, Guangxi red soil, Hunan fluvo soil, Henan fluvo soil, Hunan red soil, Hunan red soil, Shandong brown soil, Hunan red soil, and Acetamiprid in the six tested soils was Henan fluvo soil, Jilin black soil, Hunan red soil, Hunan fluvo soil, and Jilin black soil, Henan fluvo soil, Henan fluvo soil. (4) The addition of activated carbon with different kinds and amounts increased the adsorption of thiophosphorus in the six tested soils, while the adsorption of Acetamiprid in the six tested soils decreased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X592

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 莊煒;;殺螟硫磷原藥和制劑備擇的氣相色譜分析法初審的暫行方法(適用于殺螟硫磷原藥、乳油和可濕性粉劑)[J];農(nóng)藥譯叢;1990年02期

2 宮雨喬;呂建華;汪麗萍;;糧食中殺螟硫磷的動態(tài)降解規(guī)律研究[J];糧油加工;2010年06期

3 劉志同,宋玉蘭;糧食中殺螟硫磷殘留量的測定氣相色譜法[J];糧油食品科技;1983年04期

4 王元正;從混合間對甲酚制備殺螟硫磷[J];應(yīng)用化學(xué);1987年05期

5 俞瓊真;王得道;;反相高效液相色譜法測定殺螟硫磷原油中的雜質(zhì)[J];寧波化工;1997年02期

6 唐光傳,李周旭;氣相色譜法測定殺螟硫磷原油中雜質(zhì)含量[J];化工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化與質(zhì)量監(jiān)督;1999年04期

7 過戌吉;;殺螟硫磷市場平靜尚待拓展[J];農(nóng)藥市場信息;2003年10期

8 唐光傳,李周旭;S-甲基殺螟硫磷的氣相色譜法測定[J];化工標(biāo)準(zhǔn).計量.質(zhì)量;2001年10期

9 富英群;單曉英;李國強;李百祥;;殺螟硫磷體外環(huán)境雌激素活性及機制研究[J];中國公共衛(wèi)生;2006年07期

10 翁士狀;鄭守國;李盼;陳晟;曾新華;李淼;鄭曉菊;;基于表面增強拉曼光譜的殺螟硫磷定量分析[J];中國激光;2013年08期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 羅義輝;殺螟硫磷重組單鏈抗體研究[D];重慶大學(xué);2011年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 鄭琛;啶蟲脒和殺螟硫磷在煙田中的殘留消解及其吸附[D];湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

2 宮雨喬;馬拉硫磷和殺螟硫磷在儲糧上的殘留檢測分析研究[D];河南工業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

3 張忠輝;殺螟硫磷降解菌Burkholderia sp.FDS-1的分離鑒定、生物學(xué)特性和有機磷水解酶基因（mpd）的克隆及表達[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2005年

，

本文編號：2216457