【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)問題越來越重視,環(huán)保基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)投資力度不斷加大,污水廠的普及率顯著提高。但這些水廠大多分散管理,缺少科學(xué)的運(yùn)行診斷系統(tǒng),遇到水質(zhì)沖擊也沒有必要的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)和分析技術(shù)。哈爾濱松花江流域的水廠就面臨著隨時(shí)可能提高水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、缺少集群管理的軟件平臺(tái)、隨著生活方式轉(zhuǎn)變而導(dǎo)致的低C/N等問題。所以本文針對(duì)以上問題,基于ASM3模型建立了一個(gè)針對(duì)CASS工藝的能夠準(zhǔn)確快速預(yù)測(cè)和分析污染物削減量的擴(kuò)展E-ASM3數(shù)學(xué)模型。然后借助此模型和正交試驗(yàn)法結(jié)合能耗分析共同確定CASS工藝處理低C/N廢水的污染物最優(yōu)削減工況點(diǎn)。本文基于ASM3模型,引入SMP、EPS的概念,加入新組分SSMP(包含SUAP和SBAP)、XEPS,新反應(yīng)過程SSMP的貯存等;動(dòng)力學(xué)表達(dá)式依照“同時(shí)貯存與生長(zhǎng)”理論引入?yún)?shù)f STO來控制基質(zhì)用于貯存的比例,引入開關(guān)函數(shù)+來反映基質(zhì)何時(shí)進(jìn)入?yún)T乏期;針對(duì)CASS工藝建立了兩段式的物料守恒。建立擴(kuò)展E-ASM3模型,并借助MATLAB/Simulink模塊化工具搭建了可視化模擬程序。建立的模型經(jīng)過靈敏度分析,針對(duì)出水水質(zhì)影響較大的參數(shù)YSTO.O、b H.O、YSTO.H.O、b A.O、μA、YA、k BAP.O、k H.EPS、f EPS.STO進(jìn)行了調(diào)整,使其靜態(tài)模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)室小試裝置出水平均誤差為0.57%。在考慮了溫度修正后,對(duì)水廠實(shí)測(cè)出水COD、NH3-N和TN進(jìn)行穩(wěn)態(tài)模擬,結(jié)果平均誤差分別為7.4%、29.05%和11.02%,除去部分離散值,模擬值基本趨勢(shì)符合水廠實(shí)測(cè)值。通過模型模擬四個(gè)工藝參數(shù)對(duì)CASS工藝在處理低C/N廢水時(shí)的影響。結(jié)果顯示,COD和氨氮的去除率都隨充水比的增加有所降低,曝氣時(shí)間在大于等于3h后對(duì)出水影響不大,污泥回流比對(duì)氨氮去除率影響較大,出水SMP濃度規(guī)律與COD相關(guān),而EPS則與SMP相反。正交試驗(yàn)極差分析結(jié)果顯示充水比對(duì)于不同C/N廢水和不同出水指標(biāo)λ=0.25都是最優(yōu)條件;曝氣時(shí)間從經(jīng)濟(jì)角度考慮3 h(空1)出水仍可效果良好;回流比和反應(yīng)區(qū)比例對(duì)于COD的去除率分別選擇50%和5:30為最優(yōu),而對(duì)于其他出水指標(biāo)100%和7:28為最優(yōu)。結(jié)合能耗分析和模擬規(guī)律最終確定綜合最優(yōu)點(diǎn)為充水比0.25、曝氣時(shí)間3 h(空1)、污泥回流比為75%、反應(yīng)區(qū)比例為1:7:28,并提出針對(duì)性的優(yōu)化建議。
[Abstract]:With more and more attention paid to environmental protection in our country, the investment of environmental protection infrastructure is increasing, and the popularization rate of wastewater treatment plants has increased significantly. However, most of these water plants are decentralized management, lack of scientific operating diagnosis system, and there is no necessary real-time monitoring and analysis technology in the water quality impact. Harbin Songhua River Waterworks is faced with problems such as improving water quality standards at any time lack of software platform for cluster management and low C / N caused by lifestyle changes. Therefore, based on the ASM3 model, an extended E-ASM3 mathematical model for accurate and fast prediction and analysis of pollutant reduction in CASS process is established in this paper. Based on the model and orthogonal test combined with energy consumption analysis, the optimal reduction point of pollutants in CASS process for treatment of low C / N wastewater was determined. Based on the ASM3 model, the concept of SMP,EPS is introduced, a new component of SSMP (including SUAP and SBAP) is added, the storage of SSMP in the new reaction process, and so on, the kinetic expression introduces the parameter f STO according to the theory of "simultaneous storage and growth" to control the proportion of matrix used for storage. The switching function is introduced to reflect when the matrix enters the shortage period, and the two-stage material conservation is established for the CASS process. The extended E-ASM3 model is established, and the visual simulation program is built with the help of MATLAB/Simulink modularization tool. Through sensitivity analysis, the model was adjusted to the parameters YSTO.O,b H.OOYSTO.H.OBA.O, 渭 Aneyak BAP.O,k H.EPSF EPS.STO, and the average effluent error of the static simulation laboratory test unit was 0.57. After considering the temperature correction, the steady state simulation of COD,NH3-N and TN is carried out. The average error is 7.4% 29.05% and 11.02%, respectively. The basic trend of simulation value accords with the measured value of water plant. The effects of four process parameters on the treatment of low C / N wastewater by CASS process were simulated by the model. The results showed that the removal rates of COD and NH3-N decreased with the increase of water filling ratio. After aeration time was greater than or equal to 3 h, the removal rate of NH3-N was not affected, and the ratio of sludge reflux had a great effect on the removal rate of NH3-N. The SMP concentration of effluent was related to COD. EPS is the opposite of SMP. The results of orthogonal test showed that the filling ratio was the best condition for different C / N wastewater and different effluent index 位 ~ (0.25), and the aeration time was good when considering 3 h (empty 1) effluent from an economic point of view. The optimal removal rate of COD was 50% and 5:30 for reflux ratio and reaction zone ratio, and 100% and 7:28 for other effluent indexes respectively. Combined with the energy consumption analysis and simulation law, it was finally determined that the comprehensive advantages were water filling ratio of 0.25, aeration time of 3 h (empty 1), sludge reflux ratio of 75 and reaction zone ratio of 1: 7: 28, and put forward some suggestions for optimization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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