【摘要】：高效脫硫脫氮細菌的分離篩選對于提高同步反硝化脫硫工藝的效能具有重要意義。本課題從穩(wěn)定運行的同步反硝化脫硫工藝的膨脹顆粒污泥床(Expanded Granular Sludge Bed-Denitrifying Sulfide Removal,EGSB)反應(yīng)器污泥中成功地分離出1株自養(yǎng)脫硫脫氮菌,經(jīng)16S r RNA基因同源性分析初步鑒定為硫桿菌屬(Thiobacillus sp.)和4株異養(yǎng)脫硫脫氮菌:HDD1、HDD2、HDD3、HDD4,分別被鑒定為索氏菌屬(Thauera sp.)、產(chǎn)堿桿菌屬(Alkaliflexus sp.)、固氮弧菌屬(Azoarcu sp.)和假單胞菌屬(Pseudomonas sp.)。通過對5株細菌脫硫脫氮性能的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)硫化鈉、硝酸鉀和乙酸鈉的初始濃度分別為1.5、0.75和1.0 g/L時,菌株HDD1在16 h內(nèi)對各底物的平均去除速率均高于其他菌株,24 h后硫化鈉、硝酸鉀、乙酸鈉的最終去除率均達到95%以上,高于其他所分離菌株的最終去除率。選取去除效能最高的異養(yǎng)菌株HDD1作為生物強化實驗的投加菌,探究了不同碳氮摩爾比和初始硫離子濃度對菌株HDD1脫硫脫氮過程的影響。當(dāng)培養(yǎng)基中碳氮摩爾比為1.26:1時,菌株HDD1對硫化鈉、硝酸鉀和乙酸鈉的去除效果較好,15 h內(nèi)對各底物的去除率可達90%以上,對各底物的去除速率均高于碳氮摩爾比為0.75:1時的去除速率。當(dāng)培養(yǎng)基中初始硫離子的濃度低于200 mg/L時,菌株HDD1對各底物的最終去除率均在95%以上,較初始硫離子的濃度大于200 mg/L時各底物的最終去除率高約30%。通過生物強化實驗,考察了菌株HDD1的投加對反應(yīng)器模擬體系對硫化鈉、硝酸鉀和乙酸鈉等目標(biāo)去除物去除效能的影響。當(dāng)模擬體系中投加菌株HDD1的菌體細胞數(shù)量約為4.92×1010個時,生物強化的效果明顯,在6-7 h內(nèi)各目標(biāo)去除物的降解率達到99%左右,降解時間較未生物強化的對照組縮短了1 h。本課題所分離篩選的高效脫硫脫氮菌將為生物脫硫脫氮工藝的研究提供重要的微生物資源,研究高效脫硫脫氮菌生物強化效能對同步反硝化脫硫工藝的優(yōu)化調(diào)控將起到重要的指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:The separation and screening of high efficiency desulphurization and denitrification bacteria is of great significance for improving the efficiency of simultaneous denitrification desulfurization process. In this paper, a strain of autotrophic desulphurization and denitrification bacteria was successfully isolated from the sludge of the expanded granular sludge bed (Expanded Granular Sludge Bed-Denitrifying Sulfide Removal,EGSB) reactor with stable running simultaneous denitrification and desulphurization process. The homology analysis of 16s r RNA gene was preliminarily identified as (Thiobacillus sp.) belonging to Thiobacillus sp. And 4 strains of heterotrophic desulphurization and denitrogenation bacteria, 1: HDD1, HDD2, HDD3, HDD4, were identified as (Thauera sp.), Alcaligenes, (Alkaliflexus sp.), Azovibrio, (Azoarcu sp.), respectively. And Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas sp.). The results showed that when the initial concentrations of sodium sulphide, potassium nitrate and sodium acetate were 1.5 渭 g / L and 1.0 g / L, respectively, the average removal rate of each substrate in 16 h by strain HDD1 was higher than that of other strains after 24 h. The final removal rate of potassium nitrate and sodium acetate were over 95%, which was higher than that of other isolates. A heterotrophic strain HDD1 with the highest removal efficiency was selected as adding bacteria in the biointensification experiment. The effects of different molar ratio of carbon to nitrogen and initial sulfur ion concentration on the desulfurization and denitrification process of strain HDD1 were investigated. When the molar ratio of carbon to nitrogen was 1.26: 1, the removal efficiency of sodium sulfide, potassium nitrate and sodium acetate by strain HDD1 was better than 90% in 15 h. The removal rate of the substrates was higher than that of the carbon-nitrogen molar ratio of 0.75: 1. When the initial concentration of sulfur ion in the medium was lower than 200 mg/L, the final removal rate of each substrate by strain HDD1 was over 95%, which was about 30% higher than that of the substrate when the initial concentration of sulfur ion was more than 200 mg/L. The effects of HDD1 addition on the removal efficiency of sodium sulfide, potassium nitrate and sodium acetate were investigated by biological intensification experiments. When the number of bacterial cells added with strain HDD1 was about 4.92 脳 1010, the bioenhancement effect was obvious, and the degradation rate of each target in 6-7 h was about 99%, and the degradation time was 1 hour shorter than that of the control group without bioenhancement. The high efficiency desulphurization and denitrification bacteria isolated and screened in this paper will provide important microbial resources for the study of biological desulfurization and denitrification process. The study of biological enhancement effect of high efficiency desulfurization and denitrification bacteria will play an important role in optimizing and regulating the simultaneous denitrification desulfurization process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703;X172

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