納米氧化鋅對污水生物除磷作用及微生物群落的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-25 15:33
【摘要】：納米材料在工業(yè)生產和日常生活用品(如半導體和化妝品)中的廣泛應用,使其無可避免的進入到了市政污水中,進而進入污水處理廠。很多納米顆粒具有抗菌性(比如Zn O-NPs、Ag-NPs、Ti O2-NPs),因此納米顆�？赡軙o污水處理廠的正常運行造成沖擊。本文以Zn O-NPs為研究對象,主要研究了不同濃度Zn O-NPs對污水處理系統(tǒng)生物除磷作用及微生物群落的影響,以預測Zn O-NPs對水處理系統(tǒng)處理效能的沖擊作用。設定投入系統(tǒng)Zn O-NPs的濃度為1、5、10、20 mg/L,考察納米顆粒短期暴露(8 h)和長期暴露(10 d)對生物除磷系統(tǒng)的影響情況。實驗選取穩(wěn)定運行的SBR系統(tǒng)為要研究的污水處理系統(tǒng)。SBR以厭氧-好氧形式運行,以達到穩(wěn)定的除磷效果。Zn O-NPs短期暴露條件下,1、5 mg/L Zn O-NPs對于系統(tǒng)最終除磷沒有產生消極影響,10、20 mg/L Zn O-NPs則使系統(tǒng)厭氧釋磷量相比空白有所降低,使好氧吸磷過程速率減慢,去除率降低。1 mg/L Zn O-NPs對生物除磷過程中PHA和糖原的轉化沒有產生影響,加入5、10、20 mg/L Zn O-NPs的系統(tǒng)中PHA在微生物中的含量相比空白有了增多,糖原的分解和合成活動較空白有了增強。Zn O-NPs長期暴露條件下,1、5 mg/L Zn O-NPs對于SBR除磷沒有明顯影響,10、20 mg/L Zn O-NPs產生的負面影響明顯,兩系統(tǒng)較空白厭氧釋磷量減少,出水中SOP含量不符合一級B出水標準。10、20 mg/L Zn O-NPs對PPX,PPK的活性,呼吸速率,EPS的產量,質膜完整性及系統(tǒng)內MLSS,MLVSS含量都產生了一定程度的抑制或破壞,且隨加入Zn O-NPs濃度的增加,破壞作用增強。1、5 mg/L Zn O-NPs對上述指標都沒有產生抑制。高通量測序分析微生物群落多樣性顯示,加入10 mg/L Zn O-NPs顆粒促使微生物多樣性增加,而高濃度的Zn O-NPs(20 mg/L)對于系統(tǒng)的沖擊性很大,微生物已不能做出調整抵抗沖擊;群落差異性分析表明系統(tǒng)內微生物群落受到Zn O-NPs的影響,出現(xiàn)了群落聚類上的差異,且納米顆粒濃度越大,差異越明顯;通過物種分類分析發(fā)現(xiàn),加入納米顆粒后群落優(yōu)勢菌群Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria在群落中的占比都產生了變化,聚磷菌(Rhodocyclales)豐度減少,聚糖菌從屬細菌(Alphaproteobacteria和Gammaproteobacteria)的豐度增加,因而導致系統(tǒng)生物除磷作用的失敗。此外加入Zn O-NPs增加了對重金屬具有抗性的細菌Zoogloea的豐度,降低了與活性污泥膨脹有關的細菌Haliscomenobacter的豐度。
[Abstract]:Nano-materials are widely used in industrial production and daily necessities (such as semiconductors and cosmetics), which inevitably enter municipal sewage and then into sewage treatment plants. Many nanoparticles have antimicrobial properties (such as Zn O-NPsAg-NPsTi O2-NPs), so the nanoparticles may impact the normal operation of wastewater treatment plants. In this paper, the effects of Zn O-NPs on biological phosphorus removal and microbial community in wastewater treatment system were studied in order to predict the impact of Zn O-NPs on the efficiency of water treatment system. The concentration of Zn O-NPs in the input system was set at 1 ~ 5 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ (20) mg/L, to investigate the effects of short-term exposure (8 h) and long-term exposure (10 d) of nanoparticles on biological phosphorus removal system. The stable running SBR system was selected as the sewage treatment system. SBR was operated in the form of anaerobic-aerobic. In order to achieve stable phosphorus removal effect. Zn O-NPs had no negative effect on the final phosphorus removal under the condition of short-term exposure to Zn O-NPs, the anaerobic phosphorus release rate of the system was decreased and the rate of aerobic phosphorus uptake was slowed down compared with the blank at 10 ~ 20 mg/L Zn O-NPs. The reduction of removal rate of 1. 1 mg/L Zn O-NPs had no effect on the conversion of PHA and glycogen in the biological phosphorus removal process. The content of PHA in microorganism was increased in the system of 5 ~ 10 ~ (20) mg/L Zn O-NPs. The decomposition and synthesis activities of glycogen were enhanced. Zn O-NPs had no significant negative effect on SBR phosphorus removal under the condition of long-term exposure. The two systems had less anaerobic phosphorus release than the blank system. The SOP content in the effluent did not meet the first class B effluent standard. The activity of PPX,PPK, respiration rate, the yield of PPX,PPK, the integrity of plasma membrane and the content of MLSS,MLVSS in the system were inhibited or destroyed to a certain extent, and with the increase of Zn O-NPs concentration. The damage effect was enhanced. 1 mg/L Zn O-NPs did not inhibit the above indexes. High-throughput sequencing analysis of microbial community diversity showed that adding 10 mg/L Zn O-NPs particles increased the microbial diversity, but the high concentration of Zn O-NPs (20 mg/L) had a great impact on the system, and the microbes could not adjust to resist the impact. Community diversity analysis showed that the microbial community in the system was affected by Zn O-NPs, and there were cluster differences, and the greater the concentration of nanoparticles, the more obvious the difference. The percentage of dominant Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria in the community changed with the addition of nanoparticles, the (Rhodocyclales) abundance of Phosphorus was decreased and the abundance of Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria increased, which resulted in the failure of phosphorus removal in the system. In addition, the addition of Zn O-NPs increased the abundance of bacterial Zoogloea, which was resistant to heavy metals, and decreased the abundance of bacterial Haliscomenobacter related to activated sludge bulking.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703
本文編號：2203345
[Abstract]:Nano-materials are widely used in industrial production and daily necessities (such as semiconductors and cosmetics), which inevitably enter municipal sewage and then into sewage treatment plants. Many nanoparticles have antimicrobial properties (such as Zn O-NPsAg-NPsTi O2-NPs), so the nanoparticles may impact the normal operation of wastewater treatment plants. In this paper, the effects of Zn O-NPs on biological phosphorus removal and microbial community in wastewater treatment system were studied in order to predict the impact of Zn O-NPs on the efficiency of water treatment system. The concentration of Zn O-NPs in the input system was set at 1 ~ 5 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ (20) mg/L, to investigate the effects of short-term exposure (8 h) and long-term exposure (10 d) of nanoparticles on biological phosphorus removal system. The stable running SBR system was selected as the sewage treatment system. SBR was operated in the form of anaerobic-aerobic. In order to achieve stable phosphorus removal effect. Zn O-NPs had no negative effect on the final phosphorus removal under the condition of short-term exposure to Zn O-NPs, the anaerobic phosphorus release rate of the system was decreased and the rate of aerobic phosphorus uptake was slowed down compared with the blank at 10 ~ 20 mg/L Zn O-NPs. The reduction of removal rate of 1. 1 mg/L Zn O-NPs had no effect on the conversion of PHA and glycogen in the biological phosphorus removal process. The content of PHA in microorganism was increased in the system of 5 ~ 10 ~ (20) mg/L Zn O-NPs. The decomposition and synthesis activities of glycogen were enhanced. Zn O-NPs had no significant negative effect on SBR phosphorus removal under the condition of long-term exposure. The two systems had less anaerobic phosphorus release than the blank system. The SOP content in the effluent did not meet the first class B effluent standard. The activity of PPX,PPK, respiration rate, the yield of PPX,PPK, the integrity of plasma membrane and the content of MLSS,MLVSS in the system were inhibited or destroyed to a certain extent, and with the increase of Zn O-NPs concentration. The damage effect was enhanced. 1 mg/L Zn O-NPs did not inhibit the above indexes. High-throughput sequencing analysis of microbial community diversity showed that adding 10 mg/L Zn O-NPs particles increased the microbial diversity, but the high concentration of Zn O-NPs (20 mg/L) had a great impact on the system, and the microbes could not adjust to resist the impact. Community diversity analysis showed that the microbial community in the system was affected by Zn O-NPs, and there were cluster differences, and the greater the concentration of nanoparticles, the more obvious the difference. The percentage of dominant Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria in the community changed with the addition of nanoparticles, the (Rhodocyclales) abundance of Phosphorus was decreased and the abundance of Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria increased, which resulted in the failure of phosphorus removal in the system. In addition, the addition of Zn O-NPs increased the abundance of bacterial Zoogloea, which was resistant to heavy metals, and decreased the abundance of bacterial Haliscomenobacter related to activated sludge bulking.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703
【參考文獻】
相關期刊論文 前4條
1 于向陽,梁文,杜永娟,程繼健;二氧化鈦光催化材料的應用進展[J];材料導報;2000年02期
2 南亞萍;袁林江;何志仙;王曉昌;;生物除磷過程中活性污泥聚磷酶活性的變化[J];中國給水排水;2012年09期
3 王進;張宗明;;納米科技的潛在風險及法律對策探源[J];大連理工大學學報(社會科學版);2012年04期
4 牟季美,張立德;納米復合材料發(fā)展趨勢[J];物理;1996年01期
相關碩士學位論文 前1條
1 李墨青;納米銀對SBR系統(tǒng)水處理效能及微生物菌群的影響研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學;2014年
，本文編號：2203345
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/huanjinggongchenglunwen/2203345.html
最近更新
教材專著
