納米氧化鋅對(duì)污水生物除磷作用及微生物群落的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-25 15:33
【摘要】：納米材料在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和日常生活用品(如半導(dǎo)體和化妝品)中的廣泛應(yīng)用,使其無(wú)可避免的進(jìn)入到了市政污水中,進(jìn)而進(jìn)入污水處理廠。很多納米顆粒具有抗菌性(比如Zn O-NPs、Ag-NPs、Ti O2-NPs),因此納米顆粒可能會(huì)給污水處理廠的正常運(yùn)行造成沖擊。本文以Zn O-NPs為研究對(duì)象,主要研究了不同濃度Zn O-NPs對(duì)污水處理系統(tǒng)生物除磷作用及微生物群落的影響,以預(yù)測(cè)Zn O-NPs對(duì)水處理系統(tǒng)處理效能的沖擊作用。設(shè)定投入系統(tǒng)Zn O-NPs的濃度為1、5、10、20 mg/L,考察納米顆粒短期暴露(8 h)和長(zhǎng)期暴露(10 d)對(duì)生物除磷系統(tǒng)的影響情況。實(shí)驗(yàn)選取穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的SBR系統(tǒng)為要研究的污水處理系統(tǒng)。SBR以厭氧-好氧形式運(yùn)行,以達(dá)到穩(wěn)定的除磷效果。Zn O-NPs短期暴露條件下,1、5 mg/L Zn O-NPs對(duì)于系統(tǒng)最終除磷沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生消極影響,10、20 mg/L Zn O-NPs則使系統(tǒng)厭氧釋磷量相比空白有所降低,使好氧吸磷過(guò)程速率減慢,去除率降低。1 mg/L Zn O-NPs對(duì)生物除磷過(guò)程中PHA和糖原的轉(zhuǎn)化沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生影響,加入5、10、20 mg/L Zn O-NPs的系統(tǒng)中PHA在微生物中的含量相比空白有了增多,糖原的分解和合成活動(dòng)較空白有了增強(qiáng)。Zn O-NPs長(zhǎng)期暴露條件下,1、5 mg/L Zn O-NPs對(duì)于SBR除磷沒(méi)有明顯影響,10、20 mg/L Zn O-NPs產(chǎn)生的負(fù)面影響明顯,兩系統(tǒng)較空白厭氧釋磷量減少,出水中SOP含量不符合一級(jí)B出水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。10、20 mg/L Zn O-NPs對(duì)PPX,PPK的活性,呼吸速率,EPS的產(chǎn)量,質(zhì)膜完整性及系統(tǒng)內(nèi)MLSS,MLVSS含量都產(chǎn)生了一定程度的抑制或破壞,且隨加入Zn O-NPs濃度的增加,破壞作用增強(qiáng)。1、5 mg/L Zn O-NPs對(duì)上述指標(biāo)都沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生抑制。高通量測(cè)序分析微生物群落多樣性顯示,加入10 mg/L Zn O-NPs顆粒促使微生物多樣性增加,而高濃度的Zn O-NPs(20 mg/L)對(duì)于系統(tǒng)的沖擊性很大,微生物已不能做出調(diào)整抵抗沖擊;群落差異性分析表明系統(tǒng)內(nèi)微生物群落受到Zn O-NPs的影響,出現(xiàn)了群落聚類上的差異,且納米顆粒濃度越大,差異越明顯;通過(guò)物種分類分析發(fā)現(xiàn),加入納米顆粒后群落優(yōu)勢(shì)菌群Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria在群落中的占比都產(chǎn)生了變化,聚磷菌(Rhodocyclales)豐度減少,聚糖菌從屬細(xì)菌(Alphaproteobacteria和Gammaproteobacteria)的豐度增加,因而導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)生物除磷作用的失敗。此外加入Zn O-NPs增加了對(duì)重金屬具有抗性的細(xì)菌Zoogloea的豐度,降低了與活性污泥膨脹有關(guān)的細(xì)菌Haliscomenobacter的豐度。
[Abstract]:Nano-materials are widely used in industrial production and daily necessities (such as semiconductors and cosmetics), which inevitably enter municipal sewage and then into sewage treatment plants. Many nanoparticles have antimicrobial properties (such as Zn O-NPsAg-NPsTi O2-NPs), so the nanoparticles may impact the normal operation of wastewater treatment plants. In this paper, the effects of Zn O-NPs on biological phosphorus removal and microbial community in wastewater treatment system were studied in order to predict the impact of Zn O-NPs on the efficiency of water treatment system. The concentration of Zn O-NPs in the input system was set at 1 ~ 5 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ (20) mg/L, to investigate the effects of short-term exposure (8 h) and long-term exposure (10 d) of nanoparticles on biological phosphorus removal system. The stable running SBR system was selected as the sewage treatment system. SBR was operated in the form of anaerobic-aerobic. In order to achieve stable phosphorus removal effect. Zn O-NPs had no negative effect on the final phosphorus removal under the condition of short-term exposure to Zn O-NPs, the anaerobic phosphorus release rate of the system was decreased and the rate of aerobic phosphorus uptake was slowed down compared with the blank at 10 ~ 20 mg/L Zn O-NPs. The reduction of removal rate of 1. 1 mg/L Zn O-NPs had no effect on the conversion of PHA and glycogen in the biological phosphorus removal process. The content of PHA in microorganism was increased in the system of 5 ~ 10 ~ (20) mg/L Zn O-NPs. The decomposition and synthesis activities of glycogen were enhanced. Zn O-NPs had no significant negative effect on SBR phosphorus removal under the condition of long-term exposure. The two systems had less anaerobic phosphorus release than the blank system. The SOP content in the effluent did not meet the first class B effluent standard. The activity of PPX,PPK, respiration rate, the yield of PPX,PPK, the integrity of plasma membrane and the content of MLSS,MLVSS in the system were inhibited or destroyed to a certain extent, and with the increase of Zn O-NPs concentration. The damage effect was enhanced. 1 mg/L Zn O-NPs did not inhibit the above indexes. High-throughput sequencing analysis of microbial community diversity showed that adding 10 mg/L Zn O-NPs particles increased the microbial diversity, but the high concentration of Zn O-NPs (20 mg/L) had a great impact on the system, and the microbes could not adjust to resist the impact. Community diversity analysis showed that the microbial community in the system was affected by Zn O-NPs, and there were cluster differences, and the greater the concentration of nanoparticles, the more obvious the difference. The percentage of dominant Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria in the community changed with the addition of nanoparticles, the (Rhodocyclales) abundance of Phosphorus was decreased and the abundance of Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria increased, which resulted in the failure of phosphorus removal in the system. In addition, the addition of Zn O-NPs increased the abundance of bacterial Zoogloea, which was resistant to heavy metals, and decreased the abundance of bacterial Haliscomenobacter related to activated sludge bulking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703
本文編號(hào)：2203345
[Abstract]:Nano-materials are widely used in industrial production and daily necessities (such as semiconductors and cosmetics), which inevitably enter municipal sewage and then into sewage treatment plants. Many nanoparticles have antimicrobial properties (such as Zn O-NPsAg-NPsTi O2-NPs), so the nanoparticles may impact the normal operation of wastewater treatment plants. In this paper, the effects of Zn O-NPs on biological phosphorus removal and microbial community in wastewater treatment system were studied in order to predict the impact of Zn O-NPs on the efficiency of water treatment system. The concentration of Zn O-NPs in the input system was set at 1 ~ 5 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ (20) mg/L, to investigate the effects of short-term exposure (8 h) and long-term exposure (10 d) of nanoparticles on biological phosphorus removal system. The stable running SBR system was selected as the sewage treatment system. SBR was operated in the form of anaerobic-aerobic. In order to achieve stable phosphorus removal effect. Zn O-NPs had no negative effect on the final phosphorus removal under the condition of short-term exposure to Zn O-NPs, the anaerobic phosphorus release rate of the system was decreased and the rate of aerobic phosphorus uptake was slowed down compared with the blank at 10 ~ 20 mg/L Zn O-NPs. The reduction of removal rate of 1. 1 mg/L Zn O-NPs had no effect on the conversion of PHA and glycogen in the biological phosphorus removal process. The content of PHA in microorganism was increased in the system of 5 ~ 10 ~ (20) mg/L Zn O-NPs. The decomposition and synthesis activities of glycogen were enhanced. Zn O-NPs had no significant negative effect on SBR phosphorus removal under the condition of long-term exposure. The two systems had less anaerobic phosphorus release than the blank system. The SOP content in the effluent did not meet the first class B effluent standard. The activity of PPX,PPK, respiration rate, the yield of PPX,PPK, the integrity of plasma membrane and the content of MLSS,MLVSS in the system were inhibited or destroyed to a certain extent, and with the increase of Zn O-NPs concentration. The damage effect was enhanced. 1 mg/L Zn O-NPs did not inhibit the above indexes. High-throughput sequencing analysis of microbial community diversity showed that adding 10 mg/L Zn O-NPs particles increased the microbial diversity, but the high concentration of Zn O-NPs (20 mg/L) had a great impact on the system, and the microbes could not adjust to resist the impact. Community diversity analysis showed that the microbial community in the system was affected by Zn O-NPs, and there were cluster differences, and the greater the concentration of nanoparticles, the more obvious the difference. The percentage of dominant Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria in the community changed with the addition of nanoparticles, the (Rhodocyclales) abundance of Phosphorus was decreased and the abundance of Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria increased, which resulted in the failure of phosphorus removal in the system. In addition, the addition of Zn O-NPs increased the abundance of bacterial Zoogloea, which was resistant to heavy metals, and decreased the abundance of bacterial Haliscomenobacter related to activated sludge bulking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703
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