組合式生物陰極微生物燃料電池處理含鹽廢水的工藝性能研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-20 17:38
【摘要】：含鹽廢水來源廣泛、成分復(fù)雜。廢水中鹽分的存在,增加了含鹽廢水生物處理的難度。含鹽廢水除了含有高濃度的無機鹽外,還含有不同濃度的有機質(zhì)及氮、磷等營養(yǎng)元素。目前利用微生物燃料電池(MFC)進行脫氮除碳性能研究較多,但是關(guān)于鹽度對該生物處理系統(tǒng)影響利弊分析報道較少。除此以外,很少學(xué)者對不同運行條件下系統(tǒng)有機物去除、硝化反硝化及分子生物學(xué)進行分析研究。針對這些問題,本人通過對目前廢水生物處理工藝進行詳細分析,結(jié)合MFC工藝特性,采用組合型生物陰極微生物燃料電池模擬含鹽氨氮廢水進行試驗,探討不同進水鹽度和不同運行條件下有機物降解效果。從廢水脫氮效果著眼分析了各參數(shù)因子對組合型生物陰極微生物燃料電池氨氮的硝化反硝化效果影響,優(yōu)化電池的操作條件。在此基礎(chǔ)上對鹽度改變下污泥群落結(jié)構(gòu)影響進行了研究。這些研究對于含鹽氨氮廢水利用MFC生物處理研究進展具有一定的促進作用。通過上述實驗,得出以下結(jié)論。(1)組合型生物陰極微生物燃料電池處理含鹽廢水具有較好的去除有機物、氨氮和產(chǎn)電功能。(2)不同進水鹽度下有機物的降解率能達到73%以上,鹽度對系統(tǒng)COD影響較大,在鹽度為0g/L和3.5g/L時有機物降解率可達90%以上,鹽度大于17.5g/L時系統(tǒng)耐沖擊負荷降低,出水開始惡化。整體而言鹽度為3.5g/L時COD降解效果最佳。(3)進水氨氮濃度對有機物降解有一定影響,隨進水氨氮增加COD降解率呈現(xiàn)先增大后減小的趨勢。實驗結(jié)果表明當進水NH4Cl濃度為0.3g/L時COD和氨氮降解率同時達到最大。隨進水氨氮濃度增加反硝化效果越差。結(jié)果表明：與進水鹽度相比,進水氨氮負荷變化對硝化反硝化影響更為顯著。(4)系統(tǒng)對有機物降解和氨氮去除均受陰極室DO影響較大。在DO低于3.4mg/L以下,系統(tǒng)中微生物受到抑制,系統(tǒng)對COD的降解率較低。當DO高于4.6mg/L以上,系統(tǒng)中COD降解率顯著增加,至DO為7.0mg/L時不同鹽度COD降解率大于97%。在DO低于3.4mg/L時,氨氮去除率低于82.6%,當DO增至7.0mg/L時氨氮去除率大幅度增加,鹽度為0g/L時去除率高達98.2%。在DO值較低時氨氮在陰極室中好氧硝化過程進行的不夠充分,從而影響了陽極室中厭氧反硝化進程。當陰極室DO從2.0mg/L增加至7.0mg/L時,脫氮率可提高約24%。(5)陽極室HRT對有機物的降解影響較大,在HRT為8h情況下,系統(tǒng)對COD的去除效果較差。隨HRT的升高,COD降解率逐漸上升,在HRT在13.3h以上時,HRT繼續(xù)增加對COD的降解率影響不大,為了保證系統(tǒng)的去除效率和節(jié)約成本,系統(tǒng)選用HRT為13.3h。通過實驗驗證HRT對氨氮的去除影響,當HRT增大時,陽極室出水氨氮去除率增大,而經(jīng)陰極室曝氣后陰極室出水降解率受HRT影響不大。(6)系統(tǒng)對有機物和氨氮的降解受載荷電阻有較小影響,隨著負載電阻的降低,廢水中COD去除率大致上呈現(xiàn)逐漸上升的趨勢。當負載電荷大于100Ω時,陰極室主要以氧氣作為電子受體,負載電阻低于100Ω以下時,陰極室中一部分硝酸鹽用于產(chǎn)電部分,硝氮去除率增加,脫氮效果更佳。(7)鹽度改變下陽極膜上大多菌種屬于α-proteobacteria、β-proteobacteria、 δ-proteobacteria及Actinobacteridae 綱。
[Abstract]:The existence of salt in the wastewater increases the difficulty of biological treatment of saline wastewater. Besides high concentration of inorganic salt, saline wastewater also contains different concentrations of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients. At present, there are many studies on the denitrification and carbon removal performance of microbial fuel cell (MFC). In addition, few scholars have studied the removal of organic matter, nitrification and denitrification, and molecular biology under different operating conditions. In view of these problems, I have analyzed the current biological wastewater treatment process in detail, combined with the characteristics of MFC process, and adopted the method. A combined biocathode microbial fuel cell was used to simulate ammonia-nitrogen wastewater with different salinity of influent and different operating conditions to study the effect of organic matter degradation. On this basis, the effects of salinity on the structure of sludge community were studied. These studies could promote the research progress of MFC bio-treatment of saline ammonia-nitrogen wastewater. Removal of organic matter, ammonia nitrogen and electricity production function. (2) The degradation rate of organic matter can reach more than 73% under different influent salinity, and salinity has a greater impact on COD of the system. The degradation rate of organic matter can reach more than 90% when salinity is 0 g/L and 3.5 g/L. The impact load of the system decreases when salinity is higher than 17.5 g/L, and the effluent begins to deteriorate. (3) The concentration of influent ammonia nitrogen had some effect on the degradation of organic matter, and the degradation rate of COD increased first and then decreased with the increase of influent ammonia nitrogen. The experimental results showed that the degradation rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen reached the maximum at the same time when the concentration of NH4Cl was 0.3 g/L. The denitrification effect became worse with the increase of influent ammonia nitrogen concentration. Compared with the influent salinity, the influent ammonia-nitrogen load has a more significant effect on nitrification and denitrification. (4) Both the degradation of organic matter and the removal of ammonia-nitrogen are greatly affected by DO in the cathode chamber. When DO was 7.0 mg/L, the COD degradation rate of different salinity was more than 97%. When DO was lower than 3.4 mg/L, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was lower than 82.6%. When DO was higher than 7.0 mg/L, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was greatly increased, and when salinity was 0 g/L, the removal rate was as high as 98.2%. When DO was lower, the aerobic nitrification process of ammonia nitrogen in the cathode chamber was insufficient, which affected the anode chamber anaerobic. Oxygen denitrification process. When the cathode chamber DO increased from 2.0mg/L to 7.0mg/L, the nitrogen removal rate could be increased by about 24%. (5) HRT in the anode chamber had a greater effect on the degradation of organic matter, but the system had a poor effect on the removal of COD when HRT was 8 hours. With the increase of HRT, the degradation rate of COD increased gradually, and HRT had no effect on the degradation rate of COD when HRT was over 13.3 hours. In order to ensure the system removal efficiency and cost saving, the HRT is 13.3h. The experimental results show that the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen by HRT increases with the increase of HRT, and the degradation rate of ammonia nitrogen by cathode chamber is not affected by HRT. (6) The degradation of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen by the system is affected by the load resistance. When the load charge is more than 100_, the cathode chamber mainly uses oxygen as the electron acceptor. When the load resistance is less than 100_, part of the nitrate in the cathode chamber is used in the power generation part, the removal rate of nitrate and nitrogen is increased, and the effect of denitrification is better. (2) 7) Most of the bacteria on the anode membrane under salinity change belong to alpha-proteobacteria, beta-proteobacteria, delta-proteobacteria and Actinobacteridae.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703
[Abstract]:The existence of salt in the wastewater increases the difficulty of biological treatment of saline wastewater. Besides high concentration of inorganic salt, saline wastewater also contains different concentrations of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients. At present, there are many studies on the denitrification and carbon removal performance of microbial fuel cell (MFC). In addition, few scholars have studied the removal of organic matter, nitrification and denitrification, and molecular biology under different operating conditions. In view of these problems, I have analyzed the current biological wastewater treatment process in detail, combined with the characteristics of MFC process, and adopted the method. A combined biocathode microbial fuel cell was used to simulate ammonia-nitrogen wastewater with different salinity of influent and different operating conditions to study the effect of organic matter degradation. On this basis, the effects of salinity on the structure of sludge community were studied. These studies could promote the research progress of MFC bio-treatment of saline ammonia-nitrogen wastewater. Removal of organic matter, ammonia nitrogen and electricity production function. (2) The degradation rate of organic matter can reach more than 73% under different influent salinity, and salinity has a greater impact on COD of the system. The degradation rate of organic matter can reach more than 90% when salinity is 0 g/L and 3.5 g/L. The impact load of the system decreases when salinity is higher than 17.5 g/L, and the effluent begins to deteriorate. (3) The concentration of influent ammonia nitrogen had some effect on the degradation of organic matter, and the degradation rate of COD increased first and then decreased with the increase of influent ammonia nitrogen. The experimental results showed that the degradation rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen reached the maximum at the same time when the concentration of NH4Cl was 0.3 g/L. The denitrification effect became worse with the increase of influent ammonia nitrogen concentration. Compared with the influent salinity, the influent ammonia-nitrogen load has a more significant effect on nitrification and denitrification. (4) Both the degradation of organic matter and the removal of ammonia-nitrogen are greatly affected by DO in the cathode chamber. When DO was 7.0 mg/L, the COD degradation rate of different salinity was more than 97%. When DO was lower than 3.4 mg/L, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was lower than 82.6%. When DO was higher than 7.0 mg/L, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was greatly increased, and when salinity was 0 g/L, the removal rate was as high as 98.2%. When DO was lower, the aerobic nitrification process of ammonia nitrogen in the cathode chamber was insufficient, which affected the anode chamber anaerobic. Oxygen denitrification process. When the cathode chamber DO increased from 2.0mg/L to 7.0mg/L, the nitrogen removal rate could be increased by about 24%. (5) HRT in the anode chamber had a greater effect on the degradation of organic matter, but the system had a poor effect on the removal of COD when HRT was 8 hours. With the increase of HRT, the degradation rate of COD increased gradually, and HRT had no effect on the degradation rate of COD when HRT was over 13.3 hours. In order to ensure the system removal efficiency and cost saving, the HRT is 13.3h. The experimental results show that the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen by HRT increases with the increase of HRT, and the degradation rate of ammonia nitrogen by cathode chamber is not affected by HRT. (6) The degradation of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen by the system is affected by the load resistance. When the load charge is more than 100_, the cathode chamber mainly uses oxygen as the electron acceptor. When the load resistance is less than 100_, part of the nitrate in the cathode chamber is used in the power generation part, the removal rate of nitrate and nitrogen is increased, and the effect of denitrification is better. (2) 7) Most of the bacteria on the anode membrane under salinity change belong to alpha-proteobacteria, beta-proteobacteria, delta-proteobacteria and Actinobacteridae.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 李宗睿;張勇;徐坷坷;;高鹽度有機廢水生物處理技術(shù)分析與展望[J];環(huán)保科技;2014年01期
2 陳立香;肖勇;趙峰;;微生物燃料電池生物陰極[J];化學(xué)進展;2012年01期
3 方麗;劉志華;李小明;楊麒;鄭\，
本文編號：2194455
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/huanjinggongchenglunwen/2194455.html
最近更新
教材專著
