菌絲體廢渣提取物的高值化利用
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-18 09:47
【摘要】：青霉素發(fā)酵廢菌絲體廢渣中含有豐富的有機(jī)物,這些有機(jī)物具有極高的提取利用價(jià)值。發(fā)酵廢渣和生產(chǎn)廢水中含有殘留的青霉素,如果不對其采取處理措施,它們會對生態(tài)環(huán)境造成危害。本文采用破壁、皂化、萃取、結(jié)晶工藝從青霉素菌絲體廢渣中分離純化麥角固醇,破壁反應(yīng)采用堿熱法,通過正交試驗(yàn)確定了最佳破壁條件。反應(yīng)結(jié)束后破壁液固液分離,取固體沉淀物進(jìn)行醇堿皂化,通過正交試驗(yàn)確定了最佳皂化條件。反應(yīng)結(jié)束后皂化液用有機(jī)溶劑進(jìn)行萃取,萃取液通過蒸餾、結(jié)晶得到高純度麥角固醇。實(shí)驗(yàn)室階段麥角固醇的提取質(zhì)量占菌渣干重的0.54%(提取率71.05%),麥角固醇的純度為94.2%,可以滿足作為維生素D2源的要求。本文采用光降解法和芬頓法去除廢菌渣中殘留的青霉素,通過單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)確定了不同降解劑的最適用量和反應(yīng)液的pH,并對不同方法的青霉素降解效果進(jìn)行比較,得出在固定反應(yīng)時(shí)間和反應(yīng)溫度后,當(dāng)投加適量的降解劑、反應(yīng)液pH為10時(shí),廢菌渣中的青霉素含量從初始濃度6110 mg·L-1下降至40mg·L-1,青霉素去除率可達(dá)99.35%,并且通過降解產(chǎn)物對微生物活性影響的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)青霉素降解產(chǎn)物對微生物活性無抑制作用。本文對于麥角固醇提取放大實(shí)驗(yàn)中的沉降方法、固液分離方法、有機(jī)溶劑回收方法和結(jié)晶方法進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),對于放大實(shí)驗(yàn)的儀器設(shè)備重新進(jìn)行了選擇,確定了在破壁液的沉降過程中加入絮凝劑來提高固體物質(zhì)的沉降速度,破壁液的固液分離采用模擬板框過濾法,有機(jī)溶劑回收采用常壓蒸餾法,結(jié)晶過程中結(jié)晶劑使用有機(jī)溶劑,并重復(fù)使用。通過8次放大實(shí)驗(yàn)得到麥角固醇的提取質(zhì)量占菌渣干重的平均值為0.34%,相比于實(shí)驗(yàn)室階段的提取率有所下降,得到的麥角固醇純度與實(shí)驗(yàn)室階段相同。
[Abstract]:The waste mycelium residue of penicillin fermentation is rich in organic matter, which has a high value of extraction and utilization. The residue of penicillin is found in fermentation residue and production wastewater. If it is not treated, it will do harm to the ecological environment. Ergosterol was isolated and purified from waste residue of penicillin mycelia by wall-breaking, saponification, extraction and crystallization. The best condition of wall-breaking was determined by alkali calorimetry. At the end of the reaction, the solid precipitates were separated by liquid-solid-liquid separation and saponification of alkaloids was carried out. The optimum saponification conditions were determined by orthogonal test. After the reaction, the saponification solution was extracted with organic solvent, the extract was distilled and crystallized to obtain high purity ergosterol. The quality of ergosterol extraction in laboratory stage was 0.54% of the dry weight of bacteria residue (the extraction rate was 71.05%), and the purity of ergosterol was 94.2%, which could meet the requirements of vitamin D2 source. In this paper, the photodegradation method and Fenton method were used to remove the penicillin residue from the waste bacteria residue. The most suitable amount of the different degradation agents and the pH of the reaction solution were determined by single factor experiment, and the degradation effects of the different methods were compared. After fixed reaction time and reaction temperature, the pH of the reaction solution is 10:00 when the appropriate amount of degradation agent is added. The content of penicillin in the waste residue decreased from 6110 mg L-1 to 40mg L -1, and the removal rate of penicillin reached 99.355.According to the experimental results of the effect of degradation product on microbial activity, it was found that the degradation product of penicillin had no inhibitory effect on microbial activity. In this paper, the sedimentation method, solid-liquid separation method, organic solvent recovery method and crystallization method of ergosterol extraction amplification experiment were improved. It is determined that flocculant is added to the settling process of wall-breaking liquid to improve the settling speed of solid material. The solid-liquid separation of wall-breaking liquid is carried out by simulated plate-frame filtration, and the organic solvent is recovered by atmospheric distillation. Organic solvents are used in the crystallization process and repeated use. Through eight magnification experiments, the average of ergosterol extraction quality was 0.34, which was lower than that of laboratory stage, and the purity of ergosterol was the same as that of laboratory stage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X787
本文編號：2189096
[Abstract]:The waste mycelium residue of penicillin fermentation is rich in organic matter, which has a high value of extraction and utilization. The residue of penicillin is found in fermentation residue and production wastewater. If it is not treated, it will do harm to the ecological environment. Ergosterol was isolated and purified from waste residue of penicillin mycelia by wall-breaking, saponification, extraction and crystallization. The best condition of wall-breaking was determined by alkali calorimetry. At the end of the reaction, the solid precipitates were separated by liquid-solid-liquid separation and saponification of alkaloids was carried out. The optimum saponification conditions were determined by orthogonal test. After the reaction, the saponification solution was extracted with organic solvent, the extract was distilled and crystallized to obtain high purity ergosterol. The quality of ergosterol extraction in laboratory stage was 0.54% of the dry weight of bacteria residue (the extraction rate was 71.05%), and the purity of ergosterol was 94.2%, which could meet the requirements of vitamin D2 source. In this paper, the photodegradation method and Fenton method were used to remove the penicillin residue from the waste bacteria residue. The most suitable amount of the different degradation agents and the pH of the reaction solution were determined by single factor experiment, and the degradation effects of the different methods were compared. After fixed reaction time and reaction temperature, the pH of the reaction solution is 10:00 when the appropriate amount of degradation agent is added. The content of penicillin in the waste residue decreased from 6110 mg L-1 to 40mg L -1, and the removal rate of penicillin reached 99.355.According to the experimental results of the effect of degradation product on microbial activity, it was found that the degradation product of penicillin had no inhibitory effect on microbial activity. In this paper, the sedimentation method, solid-liquid separation method, organic solvent recovery method and crystallization method of ergosterol extraction amplification experiment were improved. It is determined that flocculant is added to the settling process of wall-breaking liquid to improve the settling speed of solid material. The solid-liquid separation of wall-breaking liquid is carried out by simulated plate-frame filtration, and the organic solvent is recovered by atmospheric distillation. Organic solvents are used in the crystallization process and repeated use. Through eight magnification experiments, the average of ergosterol extraction quality was 0.34, which was lower than that of laboratory stage, and the purity of ergosterol was the same as that of laboratory stage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X787
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