茉莉酸和赤霉素在水稻幼苗響應(yīng)鎘毒害中的調(diào)控作用
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-01 09:05
【摘要】：水稻是我國(guó)最重要的糧食作物,在人民的日常生活和整個(gè)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中發(fā)揮著十分重要的作用。重金屬鎘污染不但會(huì)影響水稻的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育以及稻米的品質(zhì),而且還可以通過食物鏈傳遞而最終危害人類的生命健康。研究鎘毒害對(duì)水稻生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育影響的機(jī)理意義重大,但目前鎘對(duì)水稻的毒害機(jī)理仍不清楚。本實(shí)驗(yàn)以在我國(guó)廣泛種植的秈稻品種9311作為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料,研究了鎘毒害對(duì)水稻幼苗生長(zhǎng)的影響以及茉莉酸和赤霉素在水稻幼苗響應(yīng)鎘毒害中的調(diào)控作用機(jī)理。主要的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下:1.鎘毒害抑制水稻幼苗生長(zhǎng)。用不同鎘濃度(0、0.625、1.25、2.5、5、10μM)的Cd Cl2處理水稻幼苗4天后的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:低濃度的鎘(0.625μM)對(duì)水稻幼苗種子根伸長(zhǎng)生長(zhǎng)的抑制作用已達(dá)顯著水平(P0.05),而低濃度的鎘(0.625μM)對(duì)水稻幼苗地上部分伸長(zhǎng)生長(zhǎng)的抑制作用不顯著(P0.05)。隨著鎘處理濃度的增加,鎘對(duì)水稻幼苗種子根和地上部分伸長(zhǎng)生長(zhǎng)的抑制作用越來越明顯;鎘毒害能顯著降低水稻幼苗根系和地上部分鮮重,且隨著鎘處理濃度的升高而增強(qiáng);鎘毒害對(duì)水稻幼苗根系生長(zhǎng)的抑制效應(yīng)大于對(duì)地上部分生長(zhǎng)的抑制效應(yīng),導(dǎo)致鎘毒害水稻幼苗根冠比下降。2.鎘毒害誘導(dǎo)水稻幼苗根系茉莉酸含量增加,進(jìn)而降低水稻幼苗根系活力、使水稻幼苗根系對(duì)鎘的吸收增加、抑制水稻幼苗根系生長(zhǎng)。10μM Cd Cl2處理水稻幼苗的結(jié)果表明:鎘毒害誘導(dǎo)水稻幼苗根系茉莉酸合成相關(guān)基因表達(dá),促進(jìn)水稻幼苗根系茉莉酸含量升高;鎘毒害促進(jìn)細(xì)胞膜中的磷脂水解酶相關(guān)基因--磷脂酶D基因的表達(dá),使根系細(xì)胞膜結(jié)構(gòu)遭到破壞,細(xì)胞膜透性增加,根系活力降低;鎘毒害促進(jìn)水稻幼苗根系鎘吸收相關(guān)基因的表達(dá),使根系對(duì)鎘的吸收增加;鎘毒害抑制水稻幼苗根系細(xì)胞分裂和細(xì)胞伸長(zhǎng)相關(guān)基因的表達(dá),抑制根系生長(zhǎng)。而添加濃度為7.5μM的茉莉酸合成抑制劑IBU后,鎘毒害水稻幼苗根系茉莉酸的合成過程被抑制,根系茉莉酸含量降低;鎘毒害對(duì)水稻幼苗根系磷脂酶D基因表達(dá)的促進(jìn)作用減弱,根系活力增加;鎘毒害對(duì)水稻幼苗根系鎘根鎘吸收相關(guān)基因表達(dá)的促進(jìn)作用減弱,根系對(duì)鎘的吸收減少;鎘毒害對(duì)水稻幼苗根系細(xì)胞分裂和細(xì)胞伸長(zhǎng)相關(guān)基因的表達(dá)的抑制作用減弱,根系生長(zhǎng)的抑制作用被緩解。上述結(jié)果表明,鎘毒害降低水稻幼苗根系活力、使水稻幼苗根系對(duì)鎘的吸收增加以及抑制水稻幼苗根系生長(zhǎng)的過程均與鎘毒害誘導(dǎo)水稻幼苗根系茉莉酸含量升高有關(guān),鎘毒害誘導(dǎo)水稻幼苗根系茉莉酸含量升高,進(jìn)而降低水稻幼苗根系活力、使水稻幼苗根系對(duì)鎘的吸收增加、抑制水稻幼苗根系生長(zhǎng)。3.鎘毒害促進(jìn)赤霉素鈍化基因的表達(dá),抑制水稻幼苗地上部分生長(zhǎng)。鎘毒害能顯著促進(jìn)水稻第二葉中赤霉素鈍化基因(Os GA2ox1、Os GA2ox6、Os GA2ox8、Os GA2ox9)的表達(dá)。鎘毒害可能通過增強(qiáng)水稻體內(nèi)有活性的赤霉素向非活性赤霉素的轉(zhuǎn)變,進(jìn)而抑制水稻幼苗第二葉的生長(zhǎng)。外源噴施濃度為10μM的GA3能顯著緩解鎘對(duì)水稻幼苗地上部分生長(zhǎng)的抑制作用,包括對(duì)第一葉、第二葉以及株高抑制的緩解。外源噴施GA3促進(jìn)水稻幼苗地上部分生長(zhǎng),降低了水稻幼苗地上部分單位質(zhì)量鎘的含量,緩解了鎘對(duì)水稻幼苗地上部分生長(zhǎng)的毒害。
[Abstract]:Rice is the most important grain crop in our country. It plays a very important role in the daily life of the people and the whole national economy. Heavy metal cadmium pollution not only affects the growth and development of rice and the quality of rice, but also can be passed through the food chain to endanger the life and health of human beings. The mechanism of development influence is of great significance, but the toxic mechanism of cadmium to rice is still unclear. In this experiment, the effects of cadmium toxicity on the growth of rice seedlings and the mechanism of the regulation of jasmonic acid and Gibberellin on the response of rice seedlings to cadmium toxicity were studied in this experiment, which was widely cultivated in China. The main experiment was the mechanism of the regulation of jasmonic acid and Gibberellin on the response to cadmium toxicity in rice seedlings. 9311 The results were as follows: 1. cadmium toxicity inhibited the growth of rice seedlings. The experimental results of 4 days after the treatment of rice seedlings with Cd Cl2 of different cadmium concentrations (0,0.625,1.25,2.5,5,10 mu M) showed that the inhibitory effect of low concentration of cadmium (0.625 mu M) on the growth of root elongation of rice seedlings had reached significant level (P0.05), while low concentration of cadmium (0.625 mu M) was applied to rice seedlings. The inhibitory effect of the upper elongation growth was not significant (P0.05). With the increase of cadmium concentration, the inhibitory effect of cadmium on the growth of root and aboveground part of rice seedlings became more and more obvious; cadmium toxicity could significantly reduce the fresh weight of root and ground part of rice seedlings, and increased with the increase of cadmium concentration; cadmium toxicity to rice young. The inhibitory effect of the growth of seedling root system was greater than the inhibition effect on the growth of the upper part of the ground, which led to the increase of the root and crown ratio of the root and crown of the rice seedlings with cadmium toxicity induced by.2., and then the root activity of rice seedlings was reduced, the root growth of rice seedlings was added to the roots of rice seedlings, and the root growth of rice seedlings was.10 M Cd Cl2. The results of rice seedling showed that cadmium toxicity induced the expression of jasmonic acid synthesis related genes in root of rice seedlings, promoted the increase of jasmonic acid content in root of rice seedlings, and cadmium toxicity promoted the expression of phospholipase related gene, phospholipase D gene in the membrane of the cell membrane, which resulted in the destruction of the membrane structure of the root system, the increase of cell membrane permeability and the root activity. Cadmium toxicity promoted the expression of Cd absorption related genes and increased the absorption of cadmium in root system of rice seedlings. Cadmium toxicity inhibited the cell division of rice seedlings and the expression of cell elongation related genes and inhibited root growth. The cadmium toxicity of jasmine seedlings in rice seedlings was poisoned by the addition of jasmonic acid synthase inhibitor IBU with a concentration of 7.5 mu M. The synthesis process of acid was inhibited and the content of jasmonic acid in root was reduced, and the promotion effect of cadmium toxicity on the expression of phospholipase D gene in rice seedling root was weakened and the activity of root was increased. The promotion of cadmium toxicity on Cd uptake related gene expression of rice seedlings was weakened and the absorption of cadmium in root system decreased. The inhibition of the expression of division and cell elongation related genes was weakened, and the inhibitory effect of root growth was alleviated. The results showed that cadmium toxicity reduced the root activity of rice seedlings, increased the absorption of cadmium in rice seedlings and inhibited the growth of rice seedlings, and the effects of cadmium toxicity on the root jasmonic acid in rice seedlings were induced by cadmium toxicity. Cadmium toxicity induced the increase of jasmonic acid content in root system of rice seedlings, thus reducing the root activity of rice seedlings, increasing the absorption of cadmium in rice seedlings, inhibiting the.3. cadmium toxicity of rice seedlings to promote the expression of gibberellin passivation gene and inhibiting the growth of the aboveground part of rice seedlings. Cadmium toxicity can significantly promote rice seedlings. The expression of Os GA2ox1, Os GA2ox6, Os GA2ox8, Os GA2ox9 in the second leaf. Cadmium toxicity may inhibit the growth of the second leaf of rice seedlings by increasing the activity of gibberellin to the inactive gibberellin in the rice, and the exogenous spraying of 10 micron GA3 can significantly alleviate the growth of the upper part of the rice seedlings. The long inhibitory effect, including the mitigation of the first leaf, second leaf and plant height inhibition. Exogenous spraying GA3 promoted the growth of the upper part of the rice seedlings, reduced the content of cadmium in the upper part of the rice seedling, and alleviated the toxicity of cadmium to the growth of the rice seedlings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X173;S511
本文編號(hào)：2157078
[Abstract]:Rice is the most important grain crop in our country. It plays a very important role in the daily life of the people and the whole national economy. Heavy metal cadmium pollution not only affects the growth and development of rice and the quality of rice, but also can be passed through the food chain to endanger the life and health of human beings. The mechanism of development influence is of great significance, but the toxic mechanism of cadmium to rice is still unclear. In this experiment, the effects of cadmium toxicity on the growth of rice seedlings and the mechanism of the regulation of jasmonic acid and Gibberellin on the response of rice seedlings to cadmium toxicity were studied in this experiment, which was widely cultivated in China. The main experiment was the mechanism of the regulation of jasmonic acid and Gibberellin on the response to cadmium toxicity in rice seedlings. 9311 The results were as follows: 1. cadmium toxicity inhibited the growth of rice seedlings. The experimental results of 4 days after the treatment of rice seedlings with Cd Cl2 of different cadmium concentrations (0,0.625,1.25,2.5,5,10 mu M) showed that the inhibitory effect of low concentration of cadmium (0.625 mu M) on the growth of root elongation of rice seedlings had reached significant level (P0.05), while low concentration of cadmium (0.625 mu M) was applied to rice seedlings. The inhibitory effect of the upper elongation growth was not significant (P0.05). With the increase of cadmium concentration, the inhibitory effect of cadmium on the growth of root and aboveground part of rice seedlings became more and more obvious; cadmium toxicity could significantly reduce the fresh weight of root and ground part of rice seedlings, and increased with the increase of cadmium concentration; cadmium toxicity to rice young. The inhibitory effect of the growth of seedling root system was greater than the inhibition effect on the growth of the upper part of the ground, which led to the increase of the root and crown ratio of the root and crown of the rice seedlings with cadmium toxicity induced by.2., and then the root activity of rice seedlings was reduced, the root growth of rice seedlings was added to the roots of rice seedlings, and the root growth of rice seedlings was.10 M Cd Cl2. The results of rice seedling showed that cadmium toxicity induced the expression of jasmonic acid synthesis related genes in root of rice seedlings, promoted the increase of jasmonic acid content in root of rice seedlings, and cadmium toxicity promoted the expression of phospholipase related gene, phospholipase D gene in the membrane of the cell membrane, which resulted in the destruction of the membrane structure of the root system, the increase of cell membrane permeability and the root activity. Cadmium toxicity promoted the expression of Cd absorption related genes and increased the absorption of cadmium in root system of rice seedlings. Cadmium toxicity inhibited the cell division of rice seedlings and the expression of cell elongation related genes and inhibited root growth. The cadmium toxicity of jasmine seedlings in rice seedlings was poisoned by the addition of jasmonic acid synthase inhibitor IBU with a concentration of 7.5 mu M. The synthesis process of acid was inhibited and the content of jasmonic acid in root was reduced, and the promotion effect of cadmium toxicity on the expression of phospholipase D gene in rice seedling root was weakened and the activity of root was increased. The promotion of cadmium toxicity on Cd uptake related gene expression of rice seedlings was weakened and the absorption of cadmium in root system decreased. The inhibition of the expression of division and cell elongation related genes was weakened, and the inhibitory effect of root growth was alleviated. The results showed that cadmium toxicity reduced the root activity of rice seedlings, increased the absorption of cadmium in rice seedlings and inhibited the growth of rice seedlings, and the effects of cadmium toxicity on the root jasmonic acid in rice seedlings were induced by cadmium toxicity. Cadmium toxicity induced the increase of jasmonic acid content in root system of rice seedlings, thus reducing the root activity of rice seedlings, increasing the absorption of cadmium in rice seedlings, inhibiting the.3. cadmium toxicity of rice seedlings to promote the expression of gibberellin passivation gene and inhibiting the growth of the aboveground part of rice seedlings. Cadmium toxicity can significantly promote rice seedlings. The expression of Os GA2ox1, Os GA2ox6, Os GA2ox8, Os GA2ox9 in the second leaf. Cadmium toxicity may inhibit the growth of the second leaf of rice seedlings by increasing the activity of gibberellin to the inactive gibberellin in the rice, and the exogenous spraying of 10 micron GA3 can significantly alleviate the growth of the upper part of the rice seedlings. The long inhibitory effect, including the mitigation of the first leaf, second leaf and plant height inhibition. Exogenous spraying GA3 promoted the growth of the upper part of the rice seedlings, reduced the content of cadmium in the upper part of the rice seedling, and alleviated the toxicity of cadmium to the growth of the rice seedlings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X173;S511
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