若爾蓋高原河流三種溫室氣體排放及時空動態(tài)
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-20 18:54
【摘要】：自從工業(yè)革命后,大氣中溫室氣體含量逐漸增加,是引起溫室效應(yīng)的主要原因。其中甲烷(CH4)、二氧化碳(CO2)、氧化亞氮(N2O)是大氣中主要的溫室氣體。河流是一個不容忽視的產(chǎn)生溫室氣體的熱點(diǎn)。在國外已開展河流溫室氣體排放監(jiān)測,但是主要集中在熱帶地區(qū),對于高寒海拔地區(qū)的河流溫室氣體還基本屬于空白。本研究對于完善溫室氣體排放清單有著重要的意義。本研究研究樣點(diǎn)選取在若爾蓋高原地區(qū)白河流域,白河是若爾蓋高原地區(qū)重要的一條河流,是黃河上游重要的支流之一。本研究采樣靜態(tài)漂浮箱-氣象色譜法,對甲烷(CH4)、二氧化碳(CO2)、氧化亞氮(N2O)這三種溫室氣體在河流按照微地貌區(qū)分的不同區(qū)域和河流按照上中下游區(qū)分的不同地段展開監(jiān)測,同時監(jiān)測環(huán)境指標(biāo)。量化溫室氣體在不同區(qū)域不同地段排放的量,揭示影響溫室氣體排放的關(guān)鍵因子,確定三種溫室氣體排放的時間動態(tài)和空間動態(tài)。若爾蓋高原的白河流域平均CH4排放速率為0.11±2.08 mg m-2h-1,對于不同區(qū)域,河流深水區(qū)(A)為0.98±2.08mg m-2h-1,河流淺水區(qū)(B)為0.90±2.15 mg m-2h-1,河岸消落帶(C)為0.03±0.57 mg m-2h-1,河岸邊草地(D)為0.11±0.53 mg m-2h-1。河流AB區(qū)域CH4排放明顯高于CD區(qū)域,河流上中下游只有B區(qū)域下游CH4排放明顯高于上中游,其他區(qū)域河流上中下游之間無顯著差異。若爾蓋高原的白河流域平均CO2排放速率為87.08±286.82 mg CO2 m-2h-1,對于不同區(qū)域,河流深水區(qū)(A)為64.97±280.40 mg m-2h-1,河流淺水區(qū)(B)為50.86±284.72 mg m-2h-1,在河岸消落帶(C)為97.67±292.99 mg m-2h-1,河岸邊草地(D)為87.08±288.56 mg m-2h-1。河流不同區(qū)域CO2排放無顯著差異,河流上中下游只有D區(qū)域下游CO2排放明顯高于上中游,其他區(qū)域河流上中下游之間無顯著差異。若爾蓋高原的白河流域平均N2O排放速率為0.017±0.273 mg m-2h-1,對于不同區(qū)域,河流深水區(qū)(A)為0.02±0.36 mg m-2h-1,河流淺水區(qū)(B)為-0.02±0.23 mg m-2h-1,河岸消落帶(C)為0.04±0.25 mg m-2h-1,河岸邊草地(D)為0.02±0.23 mg m-2h-1。河流不同區(qū)域N2O排放無顯著差異,河流上中下游只有A區(qū)域中游N2O排放明顯高于上游,其他區(qū)域河流上中下游之間無顯著差異。
[Abstract]:Since the Industrial Revolution, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have gradually increased, which is the main cause of Greenhouse Effect. Methane (Ch _ 4), carbon dioxide (CO _ 2) and nitrous oxide (N _ 2O) are the main greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Rivers are a hot spot that can not be ignored to produce greenhouse gases. Monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions from rivers has been carried out abroad, but it is mainly concentrated in tropical regions. This study is of great significance to improve greenhouse gas emission inventory. The sample points of this study are selected in the Baihe River basin of the Ruoerge Plateau, which is an important river and one of the important tributaries in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. In this study, three greenhouse gases, methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), were monitored by sampling static floating box-meteorological chromatography in different regions of rivers divided according to microtopography and in different areas of upper, middle and lower reaches of rivers. Monitoring environmental indicators at the same time. Quantifying the amount of greenhouse gas emissions in different regions, revealing the key factors affecting the emission of greenhouse gases, and determining the temporal and spatial dynamics of the three greenhouse gas emissions. The average CH4 emission rate of Baihe River Basin in the Ruoergai Plateau was 0.11 鹵2.08 mg m-2h-1. For different regions, (A) was 0.98 鹵2.08mg m-2h-1 in deep water area, 0.90 鹵2.15 mg m-2h-1 in shallow water area, 0.03 鹵0.57 mg m-2h-1 in riparian drop zone (C) and 0.11 鹵0.53 mg m-2h-1 in riparian grassland (D). The CH4 emission in AB region was significantly higher than that in CD region. The CH4 emission in upper and lower reaches of river was significantly higher than that in upper and middle reaches, but there was no significant difference between the upper and lower reaches in other regions. The average CO _ 2 emission rate of Baihe River basin in the Ruoergai Plateau was 87.08 鹵286.82 mg CO2 m-2h-1. For different regions, the (A) in the deep water area was 64.97 鹵280.40 mg m-2h-1, in the shallow water area was 50.86 鹵284.72 mg m-2h-1, in the riparian drop zone (C) was 97.67 鹵292.99 mg m-2h-1, and in riparian grassland (D) was 87.08 鹵288.56 mg m-2h-1. There was no significant difference in CO _ 2 emission between different regions of rivers, but only in the upper and lower reaches of D region was significantly higher than that in the upper and middle reaches, but there was no significant difference between the upper and lower reaches of the rivers in other regions. The average N2O emission rate of the Baihe River basin in the Ruoergai Plateau is 0.017 鹵0.273 mg m-2h-1. For different regions, the (A) in the deep water area of the river is 0.02 鹵0.36 mg m-2h-1, that in the shallow water area of the river is -0.02 鹵0.23 mg m-2h-1, that in the riparian drop zone (C) is 0.04 鹵0.25 mg m-2h-1, and that in the riparian grassland (D) is 0.02 鹵0.23 mg m-2h-1. There was no significant difference in N2O emission between different regions of rivers. N2O emission from upper and lower reaches of rivers was significantly higher than that of upper and lower reaches of region A, but there was no significant difference between the upper and lower reaches of rivers in other regions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X16
本文編號：2134444
[Abstract]:Since the Industrial Revolution, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have gradually increased, which is the main cause of Greenhouse Effect. Methane (Ch _ 4), carbon dioxide (CO _ 2) and nitrous oxide (N _ 2O) are the main greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Rivers are a hot spot that can not be ignored to produce greenhouse gases. Monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions from rivers has been carried out abroad, but it is mainly concentrated in tropical regions. This study is of great significance to improve greenhouse gas emission inventory. The sample points of this study are selected in the Baihe River basin of the Ruoerge Plateau, which is an important river and one of the important tributaries in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. In this study, three greenhouse gases, methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), were monitored by sampling static floating box-meteorological chromatography in different regions of rivers divided according to microtopography and in different areas of upper, middle and lower reaches of rivers. Monitoring environmental indicators at the same time. Quantifying the amount of greenhouse gas emissions in different regions, revealing the key factors affecting the emission of greenhouse gases, and determining the temporal and spatial dynamics of the three greenhouse gas emissions. The average CH4 emission rate of Baihe River Basin in the Ruoergai Plateau was 0.11 鹵2.08 mg m-2h-1. For different regions, (A) was 0.98 鹵2.08mg m-2h-1 in deep water area, 0.90 鹵2.15 mg m-2h-1 in shallow water area, 0.03 鹵0.57 mg m-2h-1 in riparian drop zone (C) and 0.11 鹵0.53 mg m-2h-1 in riparian grassland (D). The CH4 emission in AB region was significantly higher than that in CD region. The CH4 emission in upper and lower reaches of river was significantly higher than that in upper and middle reaches, but there was no significant difference between the upper and lower reaches in other regions. The average CO _ 2 emission rate of Baihe River basin in the Ruoergai Plateau was 87.08 鹵286.82 mg CO2 m-2h-1. For different regions, the (A) in the deep water area was 64.97 鹵280.40 mg m-2h-1, in the shallow water area was 50.86 鹵284.72 mg m-2h-1, in the riparian drop zone (C) was 97.67 鹵292.99 mg m-2h-1, and in riparian grassland (D) was 87.08 鹵288.56 mg m-2h-1. There was no significant difference in CO _ 2 emission between different regions of rivers, but only in the upper and lower reaches of D region was significantly higher than that in the upper and middle reaches, but there was no significant difference between the upper and lower reaches of the rivers in other regions. The average N2O emission rate of the Baihe River basin in the Ruoergai Plateau is 0.017 鹵0.273 mg m-2h-1. For different regions, the (A) in the deep water area of the river is 0.02 鹵0.36 mg m-2h-1, that in the shallow water area of the river is -0.02 鹵0.23 mg m-2h-1, that in the riparian drop zone (C) is 0.04 鹵0.25 mg m-2h-1, and that in the riparian grassland (D) is 0.02 鹵0.23 mg m-2h-1. There was no significant difference in N2O emission between different regions of rivers. N2O emission from upper and lower reaches of rivers was significantly higher than that of upper and lower reaches of region A, but there was no significant difference between the upper and lower reaches of rivers in other regions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X16
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 白軍紅;歐陽華;崔保山;王慶改;陳輝;;近40年來若爾蓋高原高寒濕地景觀格局變化[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報;2008年05期
，本文編號：2134444
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