【摘要】：潘家口、大黑汀水庫(簡稱潘大水庫)是京津冀區(qū)域的重要飲用水水源地,研究其水環(huán)境狀況對保障受水區(qū)的供水安全具有重要意義.基于2006-2014年潘大水庫水環(huán)境因子的調(diào)查,采用單因子評價法對水庫水環(huán)境狀況的時空格局演變動態(tài)進行分析.結果表明,總氮、總磷是潘大水庫的主要污染物,總氮總體為劣Ⅴ類水水平,總磷總體為Ⅴ類水水平.其它水環(huán)境指標均未超過國家《地表水環(huán)境質(zhì)量標準》(GB3838-2002)中Ⅲ類水的標準.空間上,潘家口水庫壩上氮磷營養(yǎng)鹽均有沿程下降趨勢,表明主要受上游污染輸入的影響,后隨污染物的不斷消耗而逐漸下降.但到了潘家口壩下,由于下池、灑河橋等區(qū)域新的污染物的匯入,大黑汀水庫的污染再次加重.時間上,潘家口水庫總氮總體呈逐年上升趨勢,2011年之后下降;大黑汀水庫在2012年之后總氮呈下降趨勢.兩庫總磷總體上均呈逐年上升趨勢,其中,大黑汀水庫2011-2013年雖有緩慢下降趨勢,但2014年恢復到較高含量水平.氨氮含量并未發(fā)現(xiàn)明顯的時間變化規(guī)律,大黑汀水庫一直維持在Ⅱ類水水平附近,而潘家口水庫自2010年一直呈下降趨勢,近兩年亦穩(wěn)定在Ⅱ類水水平.硝態(tài)氮含量與總氮含量變化趨勢相似.而高錳酸鹽指數(shù)一直呈逐年上升趨勢,維持在Ⅲ類水的標準范圍內(nèi).溶解氧含量一直維持在Ⅰ類水的水平.本研究表明,潘大水庫氮磷污染嚴重,呈逐年惡化趨勢,受上游污染及下池、灑河橋外源輸入的影響,灑河橋及以下區(qū)域呈現(xiàn)除總氮外的水環(huán)境因子沿程上升趨勢.
[Abstract]:The dam is an important source of drinking water in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region. It is of great significance to study the water environment of the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region. Based on the investigation of the water environment factor of the pan big reservoir in 2006-2014 years, the evolution of the spatial and temporal pattern of the water environment condition of the reservoir is adopted by the single factor evaluation method. The results show that total nitrogen and total phosphorus are the main pollutants in the Pan Da reservoir, total nitrogen is inferior to grade V, total phosphorus is type V water level. Other water environmental indicators are not more than the standard of class III water in the national standard of surface water environmental quality (GB3838-2002). The decline trend shows that the main influence of the upstream pollution input and then gradually decrease with the continuous consumption of pollutants. But under Pan Jia mouth dam, the pollution of the damting reservoir is aggravated by the remittance of new pollutants in the lower pool and the sprinkled River Bridge. The total nitrogen of the Da hting reservoir decreased after 2012. Two the total total phosphorus in the reservoir showed an upward trend year by year. In 2011-2013 years, the Da hting reservoir declined slowly, but in 2014, it recovered to a higher level. The ammonia nitrogen content did not find the obvious time change law. The dam has been maintained near the level of class II water level. The Pan Jia mouth reservoir has been declining since 2010, and in the last two years it has also stabilized in class II water level. The content of nitrate nitrogen is similar to the total nitrogen content. The permanganate index has been increasing year by year, maintaining in the standard range of class III water. The content of dissolved oxygen has been maintained at the level of type I water. This study shows that Pan Dashui The pollution of the nitrogen and phosphorus is serious, showing a trend of worsening year by year. Influenced by the upstream pollution and the lower pool and the exogenous input of the river bridge, the water environmental factors of the sprinkled River Bridge and the following areas show the trend of the water environmental factors except the total nitrogen.
【作者單位】： 中國水利水電科學研究院水環(huán)境研究所;三峽大學水利與環(huán)境學院;海河流域水資源保護局;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(51309031) 中國水利水電科學研究院流域水循環(huán)模擬與調(diào)控國家重點實驗室項目(2015TS02)資助~~
【分類號】：X524

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