本文選題：污泥焚燒 + 管式焚燒爐��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國污水排放量的增大以及污水處理率的提高,污泥的產(chǎn)量日益增加。污泥焚燒因可以使污泥的減量率提高、破壞有機微生污染物、節(jié)能發(fā)電等優(yōu)點而具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。由于污泥焚燒過程中排放的重金屬對環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重危害,制約了我國污泥焚燒工藝的發(fā)展和推廣。本文采用實驗方法,深入地探討了污泥焚燒過程中鉻等重金屬的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化特性。 建立污泥焚燒實驗系統(tǒng),主要分為配氣系統(tǒng)、管式爐焚燒系統(tǒng)和煙氣吸收系統(tǒng)三個部分。收集焚燒后的灰渣,對灰渣內(nèi)重金屬含量及狀態(tài)進行測量,測量方式有電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜(ICP-MS)、紫外-可見分光光度法、X射線衍射(XRD)和能譜儀(EDS)。 研究焚燒條件對鉻及其他重金屬遷移轉(zhuǎn)化的影響,污泥焚燒時,改變焚燒溫度、停留時間和焚燒氣氛。焚燒溫度設(shè)為500℃、600℃、700℃、800℃、900℃,隨溫度升高鉻的揮發(fā)率增大,灰渣中Cr(Ⅵ)質(zhì)量百分比由6.87%下降至3.60%,低溫度時,灰渣中鉻的化合物為Ca(CrO4)、Cr2O3、MgCr2O4,高溫度時,化合物為Cr2O3、MgCr2O4, Cr(Ⅵ)化合物減少。隨溫度升高,Cd、Pb和Zn揮發(fā)率增大,而Ni的變化不大。停留時間范圍設(shè)定為10min到100min,時間間隔為10min,隨時間增加,鉻的揮發(fā)率增大,灰渣中的Cr(Ⅵ)質(zhì)量百分比增大后略有下降,隨后穩(wěn)定,Cd、Pb和Zn殘留率降低,Ni略有增加。通入氣流中氧氣含量增加,鉻的揮發(fā)率增大,促進灰渣中Cr(Ⅲ)向Cr(VI)轉(zhuǎn)化,氧氣過多后,Cr(Ⅵ)增多,隨飛灰排入空氣,灰渣內(nèi)含量降低。 研究固體添加劑對鉻及其他重金屬遷移轉(zhuǎn)化的影響,選擇CaCl2、CaO、SiO2、 Al2O3、NH4Cl、(NH4)2SO4和(NH4)3PO4作為固體添加劑,實驗數(shù)據(jù)表明,CaCl2、 CaO有利于Cr2O3向Ca(CrO4)轉(zhuǎn)化,SiO2可以固定灰渣中的鉻,降低其揮發(fā)性。NH4Cl、(NH4)2SO4和(NH4)3PO4促進鉻的揮發(fā),使灰渣中Cr(Ⅵ)含量降低。在于固體添加劑混燒時,CaCl2、CaO使As、Cd、Ni、Pb和Zn得揮發(fā)率增大。
[Abstract]:With the increase of sewage discharge and sewage treatment rate in China, sludge production is increasing day by day. Sludge incineration has a wide application prospect because of its advantages of increasing sludge reduction rate, destroying organic micro-pollutants and energy saving power generation. The development and popularization of sludge incineration technology in China is restricted by heavy metals discharged during sludge incineration. In this paper, the transport and transformation characteristics of chromium and other heavy metals during sludge incineration were studied by experimental method. The experimental system of sludge incineration is mainly divided into three parts: gas distribution system, tube furnace incineration system and flue gas absorption system. The content and status of heavy metals in incineration ash were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), UV-Vis spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The effects of incineration conditions on the transport and transformation of chromium and other heavy metals were studied. During sludge incineration, the incineration temperature, residence time and incineration atmosphere were changed. The incineration temperature was set at 500 鈩，

本文編號：2105931