本文選題：丹皮酚 + 小舟形藻　； 參考：《上海海洋大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)的防污方法對周圍環(huán)境和生產(chǎn)帶來了很多危害,不利于生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。探索新型的環(huán)境友好型防污方法迫在眉睫,將會對生產(chǎn)和生活具有重大意義。新型的防污方法包括在涂料中添加天然防污產(chǎn)物、合成具有防污性能的新材料以及利用仿生技術(shù)在低表面能表面構(gòu)筑微結(jié)構(gòu)等。本課題主要研究天然產(chǎn)物丹皮酚和四種微結(jié)構(gòu)硅膠板對小舟形藻的抑制作用,并探索可能的防污機理。本實驗先探索丹皮酚對小舟形藻附著和生長的抑制作用,以硫酸銅為對照藥品。丹皮酚對小舟形藻的附著抑制測試中,丹皮酚濃度設(shè)置為11個濃度,分別為:0、1、10、20、30、40、50、60、120、240和300 mg/L。硫酸銅濃度設(shè)置為11個濃度,分別為0、10、50、100、120、240、300、400、500、600和800 mg/L。72 h后測試不同濃度的兩種物質(zhì)對小舟形藻的附著抑制率。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著丹皮酚和硫酸銅濃度的增大,它們對硅藻附著的抑制率也增大。當(dāng)?shù)てし拥臐舛葹?0.0mg/L時,對硅藻的附著抑制率已超過50%;當(dāng)硫酸銅濃度為100.0 mg/L時,對硅藻的附著抑制率已超過50%。丹皮酚相比硫酸銅,能夠更有效地抑制小舟形藻的附著。在丹皮酚對小舟形藻的生長抑制測試中,分別測試小舟形藻在丹皮酚(0、50、100、200、400和600 mg/L)和硫酸銅(0、10、50、100、200和300 mg/L)作用下,在24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h時的生長濃度和葉綠素a含量,并求出EC50。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)不同濃度藥物對小舟形藻分別產(chǎn)生了不同程度的抑制。藥物濃度越大,抑制效果越明顯。在丹皮酚作用下,小舟形藻的EC50為180.708 mg/L;在硫酸銅作用下,小舟形藻的EC50為121.91 mg/L。在高濃度的丹皮酚(400-600 mg/L)和高濃度的硫酸銅(200-300 mg/L)作用下,96 h時小舟形藻所含的葉綠素a含量與0 h相比,存在極顯著性差異(P0.01)。則丹皮酚相比硫酸銅對小舟形藻的生長毒害作用更小,屬于無毒或者低毒型新型防污劑。因此,丹皮酚不僅能夠有效抑制小舟形藻的附著,而且對小舟形藻的毒性更小。添加在涂料中使用,屬于環(huán)境友好型防污方法。隨后,本實驗利用兩種手段研究丹皮酚對小舟形藻細胞活性的影響。利用LSCM觀察經(jīng)丹皮酚浸泡過的小舟形藻時發(fā)現(xiàn)其熒光活性變?nèi)?則丹皮酚使小舟形藻的細胞活性變?nèi)酢C-SECM測試時,硅藻在200μg m L-1的丹皮酚中分別浸泡20 h,25 h和35 h。測試時得出良好的逼近曲線:探頭無窮遠時,反饋電流信號接近溶液本體強度;當(dāng)探頭無限接近基底時,探頭的反饋電流信號變化顯著。測試顯示硅藻膜的交流阻抗值高于玻璃基底的交流阻抗值。在交流信號的頻率為60000Hz和32957 Hz時,丹皮酚處理過的硅藻的相位角值隨著丹皮酚處理時間的增加而不斷減小,即表明其活性變?nèi)�。丹皮酚對硅藻附著的抑制作用可能和丹皮酚是鈣拮抗劑有關(guān)系。此外,本課題還研究了四種微結(jié)構(gòu)硅膠板在動靜狀態(tài)下,對小舟形藻附著抑制作用。靜態(tài)條件下,四種微結(jié)構(gòu)對在其表面附著2h后的小舟形藻的附著抑制率范圍為11%-13%。動態(tài)條件下,在流道式?jīng)_刷裝置中沖刷5 min。設(shè)置5 m3/h、10 m3/h、15 m3/h、20 m3/h和25 m3/h五個流量下,測試四種微結(jié)構(gòu)對小舟形藻的脫除率。隨著流量的增加,四種微結(jié)構(gòu)對小舟形藻的脫除率也增加,從10%增加到75%。綜合來看,微結(jié)構(gòu)H3和H2的防污效果稍優(yōu)于H1和H2。四種微結(jié)構(gòu)能夠抑制硅藻的附著,主要受到硅藻的幾何尺寸以及微結(jié)構(gòu)的幾何尺寸之間關(guān)系、外界水流作用的影響。
[Abstract]:The traditional antifouling method has brought many hazards to the surrounding environment and production, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of the ecosystem. It is imminent to explore a new environmental friendly antifouling method, which will be of great significance to production and life. New antifouling methods include adding natural antifouling products to the coatings and synthesizing new antifouling properties. Materials and the use of biomimetic technology to construct microstructures on the surface of low surface energy. This topic mainly studies the inhibition effect of Paeonol and four kinds of microstructural silicon plates on the microalgae, and explore the possible antifouling mechanism. This experiment first explored the inhibition effect of Paeonol on the adhesion and growth of canoe algae, and copper sulfate as the control drug. In the inhibition test of the attachment of paeonol, the concentration of paeonol was set to 11 concentrations. The concentration of 0,1,10,20,30,40,50,60120240 and 300 mg/L. copper sulfate was set to 11 concentrations, respectively, which were 0,10,50100120240300400500600 and 800 mg/L.72 h respectively, and two kinds of substances with different concentrations were tested for the adhesion and inhibition of the canoe. The inhibition rate of diatom adhesion was also increased with the increase of Paeonol and copper sulfate. When the concentration of paeonol was 40.0mg/L, the inhibition rate of diatom was more than 50%. When the concentration of copper sulfate was 100 mg/L, the inhibition rate of diatom was more than 50%. paeonol compared with copper sulfate, which could be more effective. Inhibition of the adhesion of the canoe algae. In the test of the growth inhibition of Paeonol on the growth of the canoe algae, the growth concentration and the a content of the leaf green were tested under the action of Danpi (0,50100200400 and 600 mg/L) and copper sulfate (0,10,50100200 and 300 mg/L), at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h, and the results of EC50. were found to find different concentrations of drugs. Under the action of paeonol, the EC50 of the canoe algae is 180.708 mg/L, and the EC50 of the canoe alga is 121.91 mg/L. under the action of high concentration of paeonol (400-600 mg/ L) and high concentration of copper sulfate (200-300 mg/L) under the action of copper sulfate, 96 h. Compared with 0 h, the content of chlorophyll a contained in the canoe was significantly different (P0.01), but paeonol was less toxic to the growth of canoe than copper sulfate, and was a non-toxic or low toxic antifouling agent. Therefore, paeonol can not only effectively inhibit the attachment of small boat algae, but also have less toxicity to the canoe algae. Adding in the coating is an environmentally friendly antifouling method. Then, this experiment uses two methods to study the effect of Paeonol on the activity of the canoe algae cells. The fluorescence activity of paeonol was observed by LSCM, and the activity of paeonol was weakened when the cell activity of the canoe algae was weakened.AC-SECM test. The algae in the 200 g m L-1 paeonol were soaked in 20 h, 25 h and 35 h. respectively. When the probe was infinitely far, the feedback current signal was close to the strength of the solution body; the feedback current signal of the probe changed remarkably when the probe was infinitely close to the base. The test showed that the AC impedance of the diatom membrane was higher than the glass substrate. When the frequency of AC signals is 60000Hz and 32957 Hz, the phase angle of diatom treated by paeonol decreases with the increase of paeonol treatment time, that is, its activity weakens. The inhibitory effect of Paeonol on diatom attachment may be related to paeonol as a calcium antagonist. In addition, the subject also studied four kinds of microorganism. Under static conditions, the inhibition rate of the attachment inhibition of four microstructures on the surface of the canoe algae was 11%-13%. under static conditions under static conditions. Under the dynamic condition, four m3/h, 10 m3/h, 15 m3/h, 20 m3/h and 25 m3/h were tested under the flow rate of 5 min. in the flow channel scour device. The removal rate of four kinds of microstructures for small canoe algae. With the increase of flow, the removal rate of four microstructures is also increased. From 10% to 75%., the antifouling effect of microstructures H3 and H2 is slightly better than that of H1 and H2., which can inhibit the attachment of diatom, mainly by the geometry of diatom and the geometry of microstructures. The relationship between the dimensions, the influence of the external flow of water.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X55;TB34

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