本文選題：重金屬 + Cd元素�。� 參考：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：重金屬污染已經(jīng)日趨成為影響全球的重大生態(tài)問題。重金屬元素水溶性強(qiáng),毒性大,可以通過不同途徑進(jìn)入食物鏈并積累,最后對(duì)人類健康造成巨大危害。利用藻類修復(fù)是一種較為新穎的治理環(huán)境重金屬污染的方法,具有其他方法不具備的優(yōu)點(diǎn),如高效、環(huán)保、成本低等。藻類可以通過表面吸附以及體內(nèi)絡(luò)合兩個(gè)步驟,減少環(huán)境中的重金屬含量,消除或降低重金屬對(duì)生物的的毒性。本文實(shí)驗(yàn)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下,采用3種重金屬元素(Zn Cl2、Cu Cl2和Cd Cl2)設(shè)置梯度濃度(0.001mmol/L、0.01mmol/L、0.1mmol/L)培養(yǎng)海帶。在第1d、3d、5d、7d和10d收集海帶樣品,同時(shí)設(shè)置空白對(duì)照組海帶。首先研究海帶對(duì)重金屬元素的富集規(guī)律,然后以Cd元素誘導(dǎo)的海帶樣品為例,研究海帶體內(nèi)谷胱甘肽GSH和植物絡(luò)合素PCn的數(shù)量變化和相互轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系。主要獲得結(jié)論如下:1.海帶對(duì)重金屬有較強(qiáng)的富集能力,誘導(dǎo)時(shí)間增加,富集量增加,富集倍數(shù)變大;重金屬濃度增加,富集量增加,富集倍數(shù)卻變小。2.Cd元素誘導(dǎo)濃度增加,海帶中GSH的含量增加,但增加趨勢(shì)變緩。GSH含量也隨著脅迫時(shí)間的增長(zhǎng)而增加。但不同組相關(guān)性系數(shù)差異較大。3.在海帶樣品中分離檢測(cè)到4中非蛋白巰基化合物,分別為GSH、PC2、PC3、PC4,同時(shí)測(cè)定了非蛋白巰基化合物總量。加入重金屬離子后,海帶藻體內(nèi)非蛋白巰基化合物含量明顯增多,后期呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì),并且與Cd元素呈現(xiàn)正相關(guān)關(guān)系。GSH含量迅速增多,3d之后又大幅下降。推測(cè)GSH主要消耗于PCn化合物的轉(zhuǎn)化合成。GSH占非蛋白巰基化合物的巰基比例最大。在檢測(cè)到的PCn化合物中,PC2在對(duì)照組和誘導(dǎo)組中均存在,說明應(yīng)對(duì)重金屬離子時(shí),PC2的靈敏度最高。PC3在非蛋白巰基化合物中所占比例最大。PC4被檢測(cè)到最少。
[Abstract]:Heavy metal pollution has increasingly become a major ecological problem affecting the world. Heavy metal elements are water-soluble and toxic, which can enter the food chain and accumulate through different ways, and finally cause great harm to human health. Phytoremediation is a novel method to control heavy metal pollution in the environment, which has many advantages, such as high efficiency, environmental protection, low cost and so on. Algae can reduce the content of heavy metals in the environment and eliminate or reduce the toxicity of heavy metals to organisms by two steps of surface adsorption and in vivo complexation. In this paper, three heavy metal elements (ZnCl _ 2Cu _ Cl _ 2 and CD _ Cl _ 2) were used to culture kelp (0.001mmol / L ~ 0.01mmol / L ~ (0.1) mmol 路L ~ (-1) with three heavy metals (Zn _ (Cl _ 2) Cu _ (Cl _ 2) and CD _ (Cl _ 2) in laboratory. The kelp samples were collected on the 1st day 3 d ~ 5 d and 10 d, and a blank control group was set up at the same time. The enrichment of heavy metal elements in Laminaria japonica was studied at first, and then the quantity of glutathione GSH and the relationship between glutathione GSH and plant complex PCN in Laminaria japonica were studied by taking the sample of kelp induced by CD as an example. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. Laminaria japonica has a strong enrichment ability to heavy metals, the induction time increases, the enrichment amount increases, the enrichment multiple increases, the heavy metal concentration increases, the enrichment multiple increases, the concentration multiple decreases, and the GSH content in Laminaria japonica increases. However, the increasing trend of GSH also increased with the increase of stress time. But the correlation coefficient of different groups is different. 3. Four non-protein sulfhydryl compounds were isolated and detected in kelp samples, which were GSHHPC2PC3PC4, and the total amount of non-protein sulfhydryl compounds was determined at the same time. After the addition of heavy metal ions, the content of non-protein sulfhydryl compounds in Laminaria significantly increased, and decreased in the later stage, and showed a positive correlation with CD. GSH content increased rapidly for 3 days and then decreased significantly. It is assumed that GSH is mainly consumed in the conversion synthesis of PCN compounds. GSH accounts for the largest proportion of sulfhydryl groups in nonprotein sulfhydryl compounds. PC2 was detected in both the control and induction groups, indicating that the sensitivity of PC2 was the highest. PC3 accounted for the largest proportion of non-protein sulfhydryl compounds. PC4 was the least detectable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X835

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本文編號(hào)：2094830