本文選題：含鐵廢鹽酸 + 負(fù)壓蒸餾��； 參考：《安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：鋼材酸洗廢液中含有大量的鐵離子和游離酸,直接排放不僅造成嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染問題,而且造成大量資源的浪費。高溫焙燒法主要適用于大型企業(yè),而中小型企業(yè)目前主要采用傳統(tǒng)法—中和沉淀法或者委托具有危廢處理資質(zhì)的單位進行處理,廢酸傳統(tǒng)的處理法存在污泥處理困難以及資源浪費等問題。本課題研究了“負(fù)壓蒸餾+濕法制備氧化鐵紅”的組合工藝,對含鐵鹽酸酸洗廢液進行綜合處理利用,以期為工業(yè)化應(yīng)用提供指導(dǎo)。該工藝包括以下幾個階段:首先對廢酸進行負(fù)壓蒸餾操作,氯化氫氣體經(jīng)過冷凝后得到再生鹽酸;蒸餾母液進行結(jié)晶,配制一定濃度的亞鐵溶液,采用濕法合成FeCO3沉淀,然后進行干燥、煅燒制備氧化鐵紅顏料。針對該工藝,本文進行了以下幾個方面的研究。本文首先自行設(shè)計負(fù)壓蒸餾處理裝置,考察真空度、溫度、時間三種因素對鹽酸回收率以及再生酸濃度的影響,實驗結(jié)果表明:在真空度為0.075 MPa、溫度為76℃、反應(yīng)時間為55 min的條件下,鹽酸回收率達到最高約為84.3%,再生酸的濃度約為0.89 mol/L,顏色為無色。本文選擇兩種中和沉淀劑合成FeCO3沉淀,通過單因素、正交試驗進行對比,實驗結(jié)果表明:最佳工藝條件為NH4+/Fe2+摩爾比(n/n)為2.6,碳酸氫銨/碳酸銨摩爾比(n/n)為5:4,水浴溫度為50℃,反應(yīng)時間為60 min,振蕩轉(zhuǎn)速為120r/min,鐵紅的純度達到99%左右;干燥實驗結(jié)果表明:在干燥溫度為80℃,干燥時間為3 h的條件下,煅燒產(chǎn)物顏色為紅棕色;煅燒實驗結(jié)果表明:在煅燒溫度700℃、煅燒時間1 h的條件下鐵紅的純度約為98.84%;通過XRD、FI-TR、EBSD表征,煅燒的最終產(chǎn)物為2 3??Fe O,晶粒粒徑分布均勻,為多孔型球狀晶體;通過對自制產(chǎn)品顏料性能的測試,其純度符合GB/T1863-2008中的顏料紅101中的A類標(biāo)準(zhǔn),其它性能基本上滿足標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的Ⅰ型或a類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。該工藝實現(xiàn)了含鐵鹽酸酸洗廢液資源化的綜合利用,既解決了廢酸對環(huán)境的污染問題,又為鐵紅顏料的生產(chǎn)提供了新的原料和工藝,具有良好的經(jīng)濟效益和社會環(huán)境效益。
[Abstract]:There are a lot of iron ions and free acids in the waste liquor of steel pickling. The direct discharge not only causes serious environmental pollution but also waste a lot of resources. The high-temperature roasting method is mainly suitable for large enterprises, while the small and medium-sized enterprises mainly adopt the traditional method-neutralization precipitation method or entrust the units with the qualification for the treatment of dangerous wastes to deal with it at present. The traditional treatment of waste acid has the problems of sludge treatment and waste of resources. In this paper, the combined technology of "negative pressure distillation wet method to prepare iron oxide red" was studied, and the comprehensive treatment and utilization of acid pickling liquid containing iron hydrochloric acid were carried out in order to provide guidance for industrial application. The process includes the following stages: first, the waste acid is distilled under negative pressure, the hydrogen chloride gas is condensed to regenerate hydrochloric acid, the mother liquor of distillation is crystallized, and a certain concentration of ferrous solution is prepared, and the precipitation of FeCO3 is synthesized by wet method. Then drying and calcining to prepare iron oxide red pigment. In view of this process, this article has carried on the following several aspects research. In this paper, a vacuum distillation unit was designed to investigate the effects of vacuum, temperature and time on the recovery rate of hydrochloric acid and the concentration of regenerated acid. The experimental results show that the vacuum degree is 0.075 MPA and the temperature is 76 鈩，

本文編號：2090864