本文選題：丙烯腈 + 廢水�。� 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：丙烯腈是三大合成材料的重要化工原料,應(yīng)用前景廣闊,國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)丙烯腈的需求量較高。伴隨著丙烯腈需求量的增加,高濃度、劇毒的丙烯腈有機(jī)廢水的處理成為丙烯腈生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的最大難題。目前工業(yè)上主要采用丙烯氨氧化法制備丙烯腈,研究表明丙烯腈生產(chǎn)廢水中主要成分為丙烯腈、乙腈、氫氰酸、丙烯醛、乙醛、丙腈及大量低聚物。廢水中腈化物含量較高,屬于難降解的有毒的有機(jī)污染物,目前國(guó)內(nèi)丙烯腈廢水以焚燒處理為主,而焚燒產(chǎn)生的高溫廢氣直接排放到大氣中,存在嚴(yán)重的能耗和二次污染問題,既浪費(fèi)能源,又對(duì)環(huán)境造成污染。論文介紹了丙烯腈工業(yè)生產(chǎn)焚燒廢水的處理方法以及研究現(xiàn)狀。我們?cè)陂喿x大量的中英文文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了丙烯腈焚燒廢水中有機(jī)物質(zhì)的主要組成成分,確定了研究方案。本課題通過將丙烯腈生產(chǎn)焚燒廢水中的固體組分聚丙烯腈分離,再利用催化水解技術(shù)將其水解、聚合,制備具有一定分子量的聚丙烯酰胺或聚丙烯酸等高分子材料,得到的聚丙烯酰胺可以作為絮凝劑或者吸水劑應(yīng)用于污水處理等行業(yè)。分離固體組分后的廢水,由于除去了對(duì)COD影響大、且難處理的聚合物組分,使得廢水處理難度大大降低。通過此法處理丙烯腈焚燒廢水,不僅有效降低了廢水處理難度,而且避免了因焚燒廢水造成的二次污染,改性后的聚合物再利用,進(jìn)一步降低了工業(yè)廢水處理成本,實(shí)現(xiàn)了丙烯腈生產(chǎn)焚燒廢水中廢棄物的資源化利用。論文對(duì)每步反應(yīng)條件進(jìn)行了工藝優(yōu)化,通過單因素(例如溫度、催化劑、物料比以及反應(yīng)時(shí)間等)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的分析比較,確定了最佳的工藝條件。最后通過紅外光譜檢測(cè)(IR)、同步熱分析、元素分析、灰分含量測(cè)試、水解度測(cè)試以及黏度法等分別對(duì)聚丙烯腈和聚丙烯酰胺的結(jié)構(gòu)、熱性能及分子量進(jìn)行了表征。
[Abstract]:Acrylonitrile is an important chemical raw material of three synthetic materials, which has a broad application prospect and high demand for acrylonitrile at home and abroad. With the increasing demand for acrylonitrile, the treatment of highly toxic organic wastewater of acrylonitrile has become the biggest problem in acrylonitrile production enterprises. At present, acrylonitrile is mainly prepared by ammoxidation of propylene. The main components of acrylonitrile wastewater are acrylonitrile, acetonitrile, hydrocyanic acid, acrolein, acetaldehyde, propionitrile and a large number of oligomers. The nitrile content in wastewater is high and it is a toxic organic pollutant which is difficult to degrade. At present, the domestic acrylonitrile wastewater is mainly treated by incineration, and the high temperature waste gas from incineration is discharged directly into the atmosphere, which has serious problems of energy consumption and secondary pollution. It is a waste of energy and pollution to the environment. This paper introduces the treatment method and research status of incineration wastewater from acrylonitrile industry. On the basis of reading a lot of literature in Chinese and English, we analyzed the main components of organic matter in acrylonitrile incineration wastewater, and determined the research scheme. In this paper, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a solid component in incineration wastewater from acrylonitrile production, was separated, then hydrolyzed and polymerized by catalytic hydrolysis technology to prepare polyacrylamide or polyacrylic acid with certain molecular weight. The obtained polyacrylamide can be used as flocculant or absorbent in wastewater treatment industry. After separating solid components, the difficulty of wastewater treatment is greatly reduced because of the removal of polymer components which have great influence on COD and are difficult to treat. The treatment of acrylonitrile incineration wastewater by this method not only effectively reduces the difficulty of wastewater treatment, but also avoids the secondary pollution caused by incineration wastewater, the reutilization of modified polymer, and further reduces the cost of industrial wastewater treatment. The reuse of waste from incineration wastewater of acrylonitrile production was realized. In this paper, the reaction conditions of each step are optimized, and the optimum process conditions are determined by the analysis and comparison of the experimental results of single factors (such as temperature, catalyst, material ratio and reaction time). Finally, the structure, thermal properties and molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile and polyacrylamide were characterized by IR, simultaneous thermal analysis, elemental analysis, ash content test, hydrolysis degree test and viscosity method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X783

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本文編號(hào)：2084906