本文選題：腈綸纖維 + 變色��； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,社會經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展,人們生活水平逐年提高,與此同時(shí)環(huán)境問題也日益凸顯。水體污染尤其是重金屬污染嚴(yán)重影響生態(tài)平衡和人類身體健康。所以水中重金屬離子的識別和去除成為人們研究的熱點(diǎn)。本文的第一部分是將苯并噻唑半花菁染料固載到胺化的腈綸纖維上,得到了一種新型比色探針苯并噻唑半花菁染料功能化腈綸纖維PANBEF,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對水中汞離子的高選擇性和高敏感性變色識別。本文的第二部分是將半胱氨酸固載到胺化的腈綸纖維上,得到了半胱氨酸功能化腈綸纖維PANCTF,它能高效地去除水中的多種重金屬離子,尤其是銀離子,而對水中有利的輕離子吸附效果很差。本文的第一部分內(nèi)容是以腈綸纖維為原料,使其與乙二胺的水溶液反應(yīng)得到乙二胺胺化的腈綸纖維,然后通過Mannich反應(yīng)將苯并噻唑半花菁染料固載到乙二胺胺化纖維上,制得一種新的比色纖維-苯并噻唑半花菁染料功能化纖維。并且通過紅外光譜、元素分析、X射線粉末衍射和固體紫外-可見光譜對其進(jìn)行了表征。系統(tǒng)測試了深紅色的苯并噻唑半花菁染料功能化纖維的吸附性能。將其分別浸泡在H2O、Na+、Mg2+、Al3+、Ca2+、Cr3+、Mn2+、Co2+、Ni2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Ag+、Cd2+、Hg2+和Pb2+溶液中,只有在Hg2+溶液中它轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌赛S色,在水和其它金屬離子溶液中,其深紅色保持不變。即使在汞離子的乙二胺四乙酸二鈉的溶液中,它也可以由深紅色變?yōu)槌赛S色。它對汞離子的響應(yīng)時(shí)間小于3min,可以在pH為3-11的范圍內(nèi)使用。這都說明苯并噻唑半花菁染料功能化纖維對汞離子有很強(qiáng)的絡(luò)合能力。除此之外,苯并噻唑半花菁染料功能化纖維還可以吸附鎳離子和鉛離子等有毒金屬離子。這樣苯并噻唑半花菁染料功能化纖維除了對汞離子選擇性識別外,還可以作為汞和其它有毒金屬離子的去除劑。本文的第二部分仍以腈綸纖維為原料,使其與三乙烯四胺的水溶液反應(yīng)制取三乙烯四胺胺化的腈綸纖維。然后在堿性條件下,三乙烯四胺胺化纖維與L-半胱氨酸乙酯鹽酸鹽反應(yīng)得到半胱氨酸固載的胺化纖維PANCTF。并通過紅外光譜對其進(jìn)行了表征。測定了半胱氨酸功能化纖維對不同金屬離子(Mg2+、Al3+、Ca2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Ag+、Cd2+、Hg2+和Pb2+)的吸附量,發(fā)現(xiàn)它對銀離子的吸附效果最佳,對其它有害重金屬離子也有較高的吸附量,而對鎂、鋁和鈣這幾種無毒金屬離子基本上沒有吸附。而且可以通過簡單的過濾使吸附重金屬離子后的纖維與污水分離。這對半胱氨酸功能化纖維用于污水處理非常有利。接著本文系統(tǒng)研究了半胱氨酸功能化纖維對銀離子的吸附。測定了pH值對吸附量的影響、分析了半胱氨酸功能化纖維對銀離子吸附的動力學(xué)和熱力學(xué)特性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy, people's living standards have been improved year by year, meanwhile, environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. Water pollution, especially heavy metal pollution, seriously affects ecological balance and human health. Therefore, the recognition and removal of heavy metal ions in water has become a hot topic. The first part of this paper is to immobilize benzothiazole hemicyanine dye onto the aminated acrylic fiber. A novel colorimetric probe, Benzothiazole hemicyanine dye, has been developed for the functionalization of acrylic fiber PANBEF.The identification of mercury ions in water with high selectivity and sensitivity has been achieved. The second part of this paper is to immobilize cysteine onto the aminated acrylic fiber and obtain the cysteine functionalized acrylic fiber PANCTF, which can efficiently remove many heavy metal ions in water, especially silver ions. But the light ion adsorption effect is very poor. In the first part of this paper, Acrylic fiber was prepared by the reaction of acrylic fiber with ethylenediamine aqueous solution, and then the benzothiazole semi-cyanine dye was immobilized on the ethylenediamine fiber by Mannich reaction. A new colorimetric fiber, benzothiazole hemianthocyanine dyestuff, was prepared. It was characterized by IR, elemental analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and solid UV-Vis spectra. The adsorption properties of the crimson benzothiazole hemicyanine dyes were systematically tested. It was soaked in H _ 2O _ (Na) Na, mg _ (2) O _ (2) Al _ (3) O _ (2) C _ (2) O _ (3) Cr _ (3) O _ (2) C _ (2) O _ (2) Co _ (2) O _ (2) Cu _ (2) O _ (2) Cu _ (2) and Zn _ (2) O _ (2) Ag _ (2) O _ (2) Hg _ (2) and Pb _ (2) solutions respectively. Even in the solution of ethylenediamine tetraacetate disodium of mercury ion, it can change from crimson to orange. Its response time to mercury ion is less than 3 min and can be used in the range of pH 3-11. All these indicate that the functionalized fiber of benzothiazole hemicyanine dye has strong complexing ability to mercury ion. In addition, benzothiazole hemicyanine dyes functionalized fibers can also adsorb toxic metal ions such as nickel ion and lead ion. In this way, the functional fibers of benzothiazole hemicyanine dyes can be used as removal agents for mercury and other toxic metal ions in addition to the selective recognition of mercury ions. In the second part of this paper, the acrylic fiber is still used as raw material to react with the aqueous solution of triethylenetetramine to produce triethylenetetraamine acrylonitrile fiber. Then the triethylenetetraamine fiber reacted with L-cysteine ethyl ester hydrochloride under the basic condition to obtain the cysteine-immobilized PANCTF fiber. It was characterized by IR spectra. The adsorption capacity of cysteine functionalized fiber to different metal ions (Mg2Al3, Ca2 + Cu2, Zn2 +, Zn2 +, Hg2 and PB2) was determined. It was found that the adsorption effect of cysteine functionalized fiber on silver ions and other harmful heavy metal ions was higher, but on magnesium. Aluminum and calcium, which are nontoxic metal ions, are basically not adsorbed. Moreover, the fibers adsorbed heavy metal ions can be separated from sewage by simple filtration. This is beneficial to the use of cysteine functionalized fibers in wastewater treatment. Then the adsorption of silver ions by cysteine functionalized fibers was studied systematically. The effect of pH value on the adsorption capacity was determined and the kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics of silver ion adsorption by cysteine functionalized fibers were analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703;TQ342.31

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