本文選題：兼氧 + 膜生物反應器��； 參考：《江西理工大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：印染廢水,因其有機物含量高、成分復雜、色度深、水質變化大而成為國內外公認的難處理工業(yè)廢水之一。目前,雖然已有多種處理印染廢水的傳統(tǒng)工藝和方法,但在實際運行中,或因占地面積大,或因處理成本高,或因工藝條件苛刻、操作復雜,或因出水水質難以穩(wěn)定達標,仍然沒有被環(huán)境工作者廣為接受的工藝技術。隨著新環(huán)保法的實施,傳統(tǒng)工藝更是受到了嚴重挑戰(zhàn),為與大型工程項目相銜接,本研究采用了一套有效容積為65m3的兼氧膜生物反應器(兼氧FMBR),對江西某印染廠排放的實際廢水進行處理。在實驗第一階段,水力停留時間(HRT)為30小時(h)時,系統(tǒng)對各種污染物表現(xiàn)出很好的去除效果,設備出水水質穩(wěn)定達到國家《紡織染整工業(yè)水污染物排放標準》(GB 4287-2012)2015年修改后的要求。為優(yōu)化實驗工藝的參數(shù),首先尋求系統(tǒng)的最佳HRT,使反應器HRT在20h、18h和15h下分別運行半個月,結果表明,只有當HRT為15h時,反應器出水COD和色度不能穩(wěn)定達到國家直接排放要求。為進一步降低實驗裝置的能耗,在保證系統(tǒng)出水水質穩(wěn)定達標(HRT為18h)的前提下,通過控制曝氣量進行了反應器內溶解氧(DO)調整,膜區(qū)和兼性區(qū)DO分別由原來1.5-2.0mg/L和0.5-1.0mg/L調整為1.0-1.5mg/L和0.5mg/L以下。結果表明,在相同的HRT下,兼性區(qū)DO的降低有利于反應器對廢水中COD和色度的去除,平均去除率分別提高1.0%和0.3%,而對NH3-N的去除效率大大降低,使出水NH3-N濃度高于國家直接排放要求,從而確定本實驗最佳HRT為18h,膜區(qū)最佳DO為1.5-2.0mg/L、兼性區(qū)最佳DO為0.5-1.0mg/L,此時,出水COD平均值為67.7 mg/L,平均去除率為88.5%;出水NH3-N平均值為7.1mg/L,平均去除率為81.7%;出水色度平均為39倍,平均去除率為90.6%。研究了膜的截留對COD、NH3-N及色度去除作用的程度,結果表明,膜對COD和色度有較好的截留效果,對NH3-N幾乎沒有截留作用;兼氧FMBR對污染物的去除效果受HRT、DO、污泥負荷、溫度、進水COD濃度、進水NH3-N濃度、p H值及污泥濃度等操作條件和因素的影響;分析了反應器運行過程中污泥的各方面變化。最后對兼氧FMBR的相關機理進行了分析探討,并闡述了相關的理論基礎。
[Abstract]:Printing and dyeing wastewater is recognized as one of the refractory industrial wastewater because of its high organic content, complex composition, deep chromaticity and great change of water quality. At present, although there are many traditional processes and methods for the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater, in actual operation, either because of the large area, or because of the high treatment cost, or because of the harsh process conditions, the operation is complicated, or the effluent quality is difficult to reach the standard. There is still no technology widely accepted by environmental workers. With the implementation of the new environmental protection law, the traditional technology has been faced with serious challenges, in order to link up with large-scale projects, In this study, a set of facultative membrane bioreactor (FMBR) with effective volume of 65m3 was used to treat the actual wastewater discharged from a printing and dyeing factory in Jiangxi Province. In the first stage of the experiment, when HRT was 30 hours, the system showed a good effect on the removal of various pollutants. The effluent quality of the equipment meets the requirements of the National discharge Standard for Water pollutants in Textile dyeing and finishing Industry (GB 4287-2012) in 2015. In order to optimize the parameters of the experimental process, the optimal HRT of the system was first sought, and the HRT of the reactor was operated for half a month at 20 h or 15 h, respectively. The results showed that the effluent COD and chroma of the reactor could not meet the national direct discharge requirements when HRT was 15 h. In order to further reduce the energy consumption of the experimental equipment, under the premise that the effluent quality of the system is up to the standard of HRT (18 h), the dissolved oxygen (DOO) in the reactor is adjusted by controlling the aeration rate. The membrane region and facultative region do were adjusted from 1.5-2.0 mg / L and 0.5-1.0 mg / L to 1.0-1.5 mg / L and 0.5 mg / L respectively. The results showed that under the same HRT, the reduction of do in the facultative zone was beneficial to the removal of COD and chromaticity in the reactor, the average removal rate was increased by 1.0% and 0.3%, respectively, while the removal efficiency of NH3-N was greatly reduced. The effluent NH3-N concentration is higher than the national direct discharge requirement, and the best HRT is 18 h, the best do in the membrane region is 1.5-2.0 mg / L, the best do in the facultative zone is 0.5-1.0 mg / L, at this time, the best HRT is 18 h, and the best do in the facultative zone is 0.5-1.0 mg / L. The average COD of effluent is 67.7 mg / L, the average removal rate is 88.5, the average value of effluent NH3-N is 7.1 mg / L, the average removal rate is 81.7%, the average chroma of effluent is 39 times, the average removal rate is 90.6%. The effect of membrane retention on COD NH3-N and chromaticity removal was studied. The results showed that the membrane had a good retention effect on COD and chroma, and had little effect on NH3-N, and the removal effect of facultative FMBR on pollutants was affected by HRTDO, sludge load, temperature, etc. The influence of operating conditions and factors such as influent COD concentration, influent NH3-N concentration, sludge concentration and so on were analyzed. Finally, the related mechanism of facultative FMBR is analyzed and discussed, and the relevant theoretical basis is expounded.
【學位授予單位】：江西理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X791

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