本文選題：工業(yè)廢氣排放量 + 工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值�。� 參考：《首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：環(huán)境是人類活動(dòng)的資源基礎(chǔ),人類在利用自然開(kāi)發(fā)自然的同時(shí),也在從自然中索取資源。但是隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,人類活動(dòng)對(duì)環(huán)境造成了不同程度的損害。作為我國(guó)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化中心,北京的城市健康、可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重大的意義。2013年,“霧霾”一詞首度成為年度關(guān)鍵詞。2015年2月京津冀區(qū)域空氣質(zhì)量超標(biāo)天數(shù)超過(guò)一半,空氣污染問(wèn)題已非常嚴(yán)重。然而,造成空氣污染的原因很多,一般公認(rèn)的有工業(yè)排放、汽車排放、熱力熱電企業(yè)排放等。本篇論文主要研究工業(yè)排放問(wèn)題。本文主要從工業(yè)廢氣排放量以及工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值兩方面進(jìn)行研究,以2005-2012年為觀測(cè)期,依據(jù)中國(guó)統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒對(duì)整個(gè)工業(yè)進(jìn)行行業(yè)分類,以“多能耗,多排放”為原則,將整個(gè)工業(yè)分為39個(gè)行業(yè),計(jì)算每一行業(yè)的工業(yè)廢氣排放量并對(duì)每個(gè)行業(yè)進(jìn)行分析研究,根據(jù)每個(gè)行業(yè)工業(yè)廢氣排放量以及工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值大小,并結(jié)合北京市空氣污染治理相關(guān)文件說(shuō)明,明確工業(yè)廢氣排放量減排目標(biāo),并確定重點(diǎn)減排行業(yè)。經(jīng)過(guò)三方面的考慮,最終確定以石油加工、煉焦及核燃料加工業(yè),非金屬礦物制品業(yè),化學(xué)原料及化學(xué)制品制造業(yè)以及黑色金屬礦采選業(yè)為代表的13個(gè)行業(yè)。然后進(jìn)行仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),利用各重點(diǎn)行業(yè)的減排權(quán)重,計(jì)算重點(diǎn)減排行業(yè)2013-2017年每年的減排目標(biāo)以及工業(yè)廢氣排放量,并最終形成以下結(jié)論:第一,北京市工業(yè)廢氣排放量并沒(méi)有一個(gè)明顯的趨勢(shì),整體體現(xiàn)為“M”型,并不符合傳統(tǒng)意義上的上升或下降的趨勢(shì)。第二,根據(jù)各行業(yè)的工業(yè)廢氣排放量排名情況可以看出工業(yè)廢氣排放量排名靠前的集中在加工、制造業(yè)以及以電力、石油為代表的國(guó)家基礎(chǔ)行業(yè),而開(kāi)采業(yè)的工業(yè)廢氣排放量并不多。第三,工業(yè)廢氣排放量多的行業(yè)并不代表工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值大,石油加工、煉焦及核燃料加工業(yè),非金屬礦物制品業(yè),化學(xué)原料及化學(xué)制品制造業(yè)以及黑色金屬礦采選業(yè)的工業(yè)廢氣排放量在2012年均為排名前10的行業(yè),然而其工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值卻相對(duì)較低。屬于“低產(chǎn)值,高排放”的行業(yè)。第四,在最后的仿真模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)中,結(jié)合三方面的考慮一共選出13個(gè)行業(yè),這13個(gè)行業(yè)中有淘汰目錄中明確要求某生產(chǎn)工藝退出的行業(yè),也有在工業(yè)廢氣排放量較大的行業(yè),結(jié)合工業(yè)廢氣排放量和工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值兩方面的考慮,經(jīng)過(guò)減排權(quán)重配比計(jì)算出的各行業(yè)減排量結(jié)果顯示,石油加工、煉焦及核6燃料加工業(yè),電力、熱力的生產(chǎn)和供應(yīng)業(yè)以及非金屬礦物制品業(yè)這三個(gè)行業(yè)是需要減排的大戶。
[Abstract]:Environment is the resource base of human activities. However, with the development of economy, human activities have caused varying degrees of damage to the environment. As the political, economic and cultural center of our country, Beijing's urban health and sustainable development are of great significance. In 2013, the term "smog" became the first annual keyword. In February 2015, the air quality in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region exceeded the standard by more than half. The problem of air pollution is already very serious. However, there are many causes of air pollution, such as industrial emissions, automobile emissions, thermal power enterprises emissions and so on. This paper focuses on industrial emissions. In this paper, the industrial waste gas emissions and the total industrial output are studied, and the whole industry is classified according to the China Statistical Yearbook during the observation period from 2005 to 2012, and the principle of "more energy consumption and more emissions" is taken as the principle. Dividing the entire industry into 39 industries, calculating industrial emissions from each industry and analysing each industry, based on the size of industrial emissions and gross industrial output in each industry, Combined with the related documents of air pollution control in Beijing, the emission reduction target of industrial waste gas is defined, and the key emission reduction industries are determined. After three aspects of consideration, 13 industries, such as petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industry, non-metallic mineral products industry, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry and ferrous metal mining and separation industry, were determined. Then, the emulation experiment is carried out, and the emission-reduction targets and the industrial emissions of the key emission-reducing industries are calculated by using the emission-reduction weights of the key industries. Finally, the following conclusions are reached: first, There is no obvious trend of industrial exhaust emissions in Beijing, but the whole is "M" type, which does not accord with the trend of rising or decreasing in the traditional sense. Second, according to the ranking of industrial exhaust emissions in various industries, it can be seen that the highest ranking of industrial emissions is concentrated in processing, manufacturing and national basic industries represented by electricity and oil. But the industrial waste gas emission of the mining industry is not much. Third, industries with high emissions of industrial waste gas do not represent large industrial output, petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing, and non-metallic mineral products. Industrial emissions from the chemical feedstock and chemical products industry and the ferrous metal mining and separation industry were among the top 10 industries in 2012, but their industrial output was relatively low. Belongs to the "low output, high emissions" industry. Fourth, in the final simulation experiment, a total of 13 industries were selected in combination with three considerations. Among the 13 industries, there are industries that explicitly require the withdrawal of a certain production process in the elimination catalogue, as well as industries with large industrial emissions. Considering the two aspects of industrial waste gas emissions and total industrial output value, the results of emission-reduction in various industries calculated by the proportion of emission reduction weights show that the petroleum processing, coking and nuclear 6 fuel processing industries, electricity, Thermal production and supply industry and non-metallic mineral products industry these three industries need to reduce emissions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X701

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