本文選題：非點(diǎn)源 + 水環(huán)境容量　； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,水資源是越來越匱乏,越來越多的水體被污染,旭水河就是其中之一,旭水河大部分?jǐn)嗝嫠|(zhì)長期不達(dá)標(biāo),旭水河作為貢井區(qū)的水源地和納污水體在貢井區(qū)具有極其重要的作用,為了保護(hù)旭水河,給相關(guān)部門提供保護(hù)旭水河的參考依據(jù),本文以COD、TP、TN為研究因子,進(jìn)行旭水河貢井段非點(diǎn)源污染總量控制的研究,本論文主要結(jié)論如下：1.收集旭水河貢井段行政規(guī)劃信息圖和河網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)信息、以及土地利用現(xiàn)狀和人口、牲畜、工業(yè)企業(yè)排污等資料、以及水質(zhì)監(jiān)測資料等,進(jìn)行匯集整理和數(shù)據(jù)分析。2.選取建立合適的納入非點(diǎn)源污染的水環(huán)境容量估算模型—背景水質(zhì)濃度法。對6個(gè)控制河段進(jìn)行納入非點(diǎn)源污染的不同污染的水環(huán)境容量計(jì)算。根據(jù)水環(huán)境容量計(jì)算結(jié)果可知,部分控制單元由于背景輸入濃度高于水環(huán)境管理目標(biāo),由水質(zhì)模型得出的水環(huán)境容量為負(fù),出現(xiàn)負(fù)容量表示該河段已經(jīng)沒有自凈能力,負(fù)容量的控制單位即使進(jìn)行現(xiàn)狀污染負(fù)荷的全部削減,實(shí)現(xiàn)零排放,也無法實(shí)現(xiàn)其水環(huán)境管理目標(biāo)。對于所有控制單元,枯水期的水環(huán)境容量一般都小于豐水期的水環(huán)境容量,是因?yàn)樨S水期作用下非點(diǎn)源污染隨降雨徑流大量入河,導(dǎo)致該河段水體自凈能力下降引起的。對控制單元內(nèi)各個(gè)污染物得出如下結(jié)論：對于COD：除控制單元1的平水期和枯水期、控制單元4以外的其他河段環(huán)境容量為負(fù),且水環(huán)境容量枯水期平水期豐水期；其中因1、5、6、7、8均有較多的企業(yè)排污,因此該5個(gè)河段無剩余水環(huán)境容量。對于TP：整個(gè)河段,除控制單元4的豐水期以外,其余時(shí)期環(huán)境容量均為正,水環(huán)境容量枯水期平水期豐水期；對于TN：除控制單元1的豐水期和平水期、控制單元7的豐水期以外,整個(gè)河段環(huán)境容量都為正,且水環(huán)境容量枯水期平水期豐水期；3.建立非點(diǎn)源污染削減模型,計(jì)算出各個(gè)控制單元不同污染物在不同水期的削減量,根據(jù)等比例分配原則,按照非點(diǎn)源污染中各個(gè)行業(yè)的貢獻(xiàn)率進(jìn)行污染削減量的分配,將其分配到不同水期不同行業(yè)。4.本文中對非點(diǎn)源污染源的分析是從畜禽養(yǎng)殖業(yè)產(chǎn)污、農(nóng)田土地利用徑流產(chǎn)污和農(nóng)村生活產(chǎn)污這幾個(gè)方面開展工作的。根據(jù)本論文研究的非點(diǎn)源污染的削減控制結(jié)果,參考國內(nèi)外一些成熟的技術(shù)體系,從畜禽養(yǎng)殖業(yè)產(chǎn)污、農(nóng)田土地利用徑流產(chǎn)污和農(nóng)村生活產(chǎn)污等三個(gè)方面提出控制技術(shù)以及宏觀政策方面的污染物控制建議。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and economy, water resources are becoming more and more scarce, and more water bodies are polluted. The Xushui River is one of them. The water quality of most sections of Xushui River is not up to the standard for a long time. The Xushui River, as the source of water and polluted water in the Gongjing area, plays an extremely important role in the Gongjing area. In order to protect the Xushui River and provide reference basis for the relevant departments to protect the Xushui River, this paper takes the COD TPN TN as the research factor. The total amount of non-point source pollution in the Gongjing section of Xushui River is studied. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. Collect the administrative planning information map and river network structure information, land use status, population, livestock, industrial enterprise sewage data, and water quality monitoring data, collect and collate and data analysis. 2. A suitable water environment capacity estimation model, background water concentration method, including non-point source pollution was established. The water environmental capacity of six controlled river sections with different pollution including non-point source pollution was calculated. According to the calculation results of water environment capacity, some control units have negative water environment capacity, which indicates that the water environment capacity of the river is negative because the background input concentration is higher than the water environment management target, and the negative capacity indicates that the river section has no self-purification ability. The negative capacity control unit can not achieve its water environment management goal even if the current pollution load is reduced completely and the zero discharge is realized. For all the control units, the water environmental capacity in the dry season is generally smaller than that in the high water period, because the non-point source pollution enters the river with the rainfall runoff, which results in the decrease of the water body's self-purification ability. The conclusions of each pollutant in the control unit are as follows: for COD: except for the flat and dry periods of control unit 1, the environmental capacity of the other reaches of the control unit 4 is negative, and the water environmental capacity is abundant in the dry season; There is no residual water environmental capacity in the five reaches because of the large amount of waste water discharged by enterprises. For TP: for the whole reach, except for the high water period of control unit 4, the environmental capacity is positive in the rest of the period, and the water environmental capacity is high in the low water period; for TN1, except for the high water period of control unit 1, The environmental capacity of the whole reach is positive outside the high water season of the control unit 7, and the water environmental capacity is 3. The reduction model of non-point source pollution is established, and the reduction amount of different pollutants in different water periods of each control unit is calculated. According to the principle of equal proportion distribution and according to the contribution rate of each industry in non-point source pollution, the reduction amount of pollution is distributed. Assign it to different industries in different water periods. In this paper, the analysis of non-point source pollution sources is carried out from the aspects of livestock and poultry production, farmland land use path abortion and rural life pollution. According to the reduction and control results of non-point source pollution studied in this paper, and referring to some mature technical systems at home and abroad, the pollution is produced from livestock and poultry breeding. Three aspects of farmland land use and rural life pollution control technology and macro policy pollution control suggestions are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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