本文選題：滴灌 + 土壤環(huán)境��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：在內(nèi)蒙古通遼市實施大規(guī)�！肮�(jié)水增糧行動”的背景下,.當?shù)氐耐寥拉h(huán)境和地下水環(huán)境及農(nóng)田環(huán)境因子的平衡關(guān)系必將發(fā)生改變。研究滴灌條件下農(nóng)田水土環(huán)境的變遷規(guī)律對維持當?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要的科學及現(xiàn)實意義。本文以通遼市科左中旗“節(jié)水增糧行動”萬畝示范田為研究對象,在連續(xù)農(nóng)田環(huán)境監(jiān)測的基礎上,揭示滴灌條件下土壤環(huán)境和地下水環(huán)境的變化規(guī)律。主要研究成果如下：(1)播種前土壤含水率基本保持在20%-30%之間,滿足適宜作物生長的條件；土壤鹽分隨著滴灌年限的增加呈積鹽趨勢,但目前當?shù)赝寥利}漬化水平較低,作物生長受土壤鹽分的影響較小；區(qū)域內(nèi)土壤PH值差異較小,在8.03-8.45之間,屬于堿性土。(2)土壤養(yǎng)分研究結(jié)果顯示,研究區(qū)養(yǎng)分分布具有空間變異性,東部養(yǎng)分含量偏低；根據(jù)土壤養(yǎng)分分級標準,研究區(qū)全鉀在二-三級之間,屬于中上級-高級；全氮、堿解氮、速效鉀在三～-四級之間,處于適宜水平；全磷在四-五級之間,處于中下等水平；速效磷在五～六級之間,處于較缺乏水平；養(yǎng)分主要在土壤表層(0-20cm)積累,全氮與堿解氮之間存在顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,全磷與速效磷、全鉀與速效鉀之間不存在相關(guān)關(guān)系,加大速效磷、有機肥的施用量是保證作物高產(chǎn)的途徑之一。(3)地下水環(huán)境研究結(jié)果表明,作物生育期內(nèi)地下水位下降,地下水埋深波動較大,PH值、礦化度、全鹽量、氨氮、硝酸鹽、硫酸鹽、重碳酸鹽、氯化物、總硬度、總堿度等均有不同程度變化,全鹽量與礦化度、重碳酸鹽與總堿度存在極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系�；诟倪M尼梅羅指數(shù)法的生育期地下水評價結(jié)果為：水質(zhì)由Ⅱ類水降為Ⅲ類水,但仍然符合生活飲用水水源及農(nóng)業(yè)用水標準。
[Abstract]:In the Inner Mongolia Tongliao City, the implementation of a large-scale "water-saving grain increase action" under the background. The balance relationship between local soil environment, groundwater environment and farmland environmental factors will be changed. It is of great scientific and practical significance to study the changing law of farmland soil and water environment under drip irrigation to maintain the sustainable development of local agriculture. On the basis of continuous monitoring of farmland environment, the variation of soil environment and groundwater environment under drip irrigation was revealed in this paper, taking "Water Saving and Grain increasing Action" ten thousand mu demonstration field in Kezuo Middle Banner of Tongliao City as the research object. The main results are as follows: (1) the soil moisture content was kept between 20% and 30% before sowing, which satisfied the suitable conditions for crop growth, and the soil salinity tended to accumulate salt with the increase of drip irrigation years, but the soil salinization level was relatively low. The results showed that the distribution of soil nutrients in the study area was spatially variable, and the nutrient content in the eastern part of the study area was lower than that in the eastern part of the study area, and the soil growth was less affected by soil salinity, and the difference of soil PH value in the region was small, ranging from 8.03-8.45, which belonged to alkaline soil. According to the soil nutrient classification standard, total potassium in the study area is between two and three levels, belonging to middle and higher levels, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium are in the appropriate level between three and four levels, and total phosphorus is in the middle and lower levels between four and five grades. The available phosphorus was in the low level between grade 5 and 6, the nutrient accumulation was mainly in the surface layer of soil (0-20 cm), there was a significant positive correlation between total nitrogen and alkali-soluble nitrogen, there was no correlation between total phosphorus and available phosphorus, and there was no correlation between total potassium and available potassium. Increasing the amount of available phosphorus and organic fertilizer is one of the ways to ensure high yield of crops. The results of groundwater environment research show that the groundwater level decreases, the groundwater depth fluctuates greatly, the salinity, the total salt amount, the ammonia nitrogen, and so on. Nitrate, sulfate, bicarbonate, chloride, total hardness, total alkalinity and so on all have different degrees of change, total salt amount and salinity, bicarbonate and total alkalinity have extremely significant positive correlation. The evaluation results of groundwater in growing period based on the improved Nimero index method are as follows: the water quality is reduced from class 鈪，

本文編號：1967993