發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-31 19:30

  本文選題：大氣污染 + 顆粒物��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),由于我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展、城市擴(kuò)張,大氣污染問題突顯。哈爾濱市是黑龍江省省會(huì),已于2013年1月1日全面實(shí)施新修訂的《環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB3095-2012),并將PM2.5、PM10監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果每小時(shí)發(fā)布一次。將哈爾濱市作為研究對(duì)象,以哈爾濱市大氣自動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)站監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),分析哈爾濱市大氣顆粒物PM2.5、PM10的季節(jié)性、區(qū)域性差異及PM2.5與PM10、SO2、NO2、O3、CO和氣溫的相關(guān)性。研究結(jié)果表明:哈爾濱市顆粒物污染區(qū)域差異特征明顯,污染程度與季節(jié)變化有關(guān),采暖期污染物濃度明顯高于非采暖期。PM2.5與大氣污染物SO2、NO2、O3、CO的相關(guān)性存在差異,PM2.5與NO2、CO冬季相關(guān)性優(yōu)于夏季,PM2.5與SO2夏季相關(guān)性不明顯,PM2.5與O3幾乎無(wú)相關(guān)性。PM2.5與溫度存在相關(guān)性。選擇嶺北、宏偉公園、和平路及學(xué)府路為代表性監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn),手工采集PM2.5、PM10樣品,對(duì)所采集樣品中的16種多環(huán)芳烴進(jìn)行測(cè)定,研究結(jié)果表明:哈爾濱市細(xì)顆粒物PM2.5中∑PAHs污染濃度水平為12.4~143ng/m3;PM10中∑PAHs污染濃度水平為17.7~161ng/m3;其中苯并[a]芘的年平均濃度為5.42ng/m3,超出國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。針對(duì)多環(huán)芳烴的致癌毒性,本研究分析了PM2.5、PM10中多環(huán)芳烴的環(huán)數(shù)分布特征,分析發(fā)現(xiàn)顆粒物中所富集的致癌性多環(huán)芳烴比重較大。哈爾濱市PM2.5中多環(huán)芳烴的時(shí)空分布特征為:道里區(qū)背景點(diǎn)(嶺北)南崗區(qū)(學(xué)府路)≈香坊區(qū)(和平路)道外區(qū)(宏偉公園),各點(diǎn)位冬季污染物濃度最高,夏季最低。通過比值法定性分析PM2.5中PAHs來(lái)源,發(fā)現(xiàn)PM2.5中PAHs污染源春夏季以交通源為主,秋季來(lái)自交通、燃煤復(fù)合源,冬季以燃煤源為主。運(yùn)用化學(xué)質(zhì)量平衡模型(CMB)軟件定量分析PM2.5中多環(huán)芳烴來(lái)源,得出哈爾濱市PM2.5中多環(huán)芳烴的污染源主要以燃煤源為主,煤煙污染所占比例較大。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to the rapid development of our economy, urban expansion, the problem of air pollution is prominent. Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province, has implemented the newly revised Environmental Air quality Standard (GB3095-2012) on January 1, 2013. The results of PM2.5 / PM10 monitoring are published every hour. Based on the monitoring data of Harbin atmospheric automatic monitoring station, the seasonal and regional differences of PM2.5 and PM10 and the correlation between PM2.5 and air temperature were analyzed. The results show that the characteristics of the pollution in Harbin are obvious, and the pollution degree is related to the seasonal variation. The correlation between PM2.5 and CO in winter is better than that between PM2.5 and SO2 in summer. There is almost no correlation between PM2.5 and O3 in summer. PM2.5 has almost no correlation with temperature. Selected Lingbei, Hongwei Park, Heping Road and Xuefu Road as representative monitoring points, PM2.5 and PM10 samples were collected by hand, and 16 kinds of PAHs in the samples were determined. The results show that the 鈭，

本文編號(hào)：1961015