本文選題：污泥 + 電解　； 參考：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：剩余污泥的土地利用是目前處理處置污泥的方法中最適合中國(guó)國(guó)情的一種方法。剩余污泥在土地利用中,本身含有的有毒重金屬會(huì)對(duì)土壤,地下水造成二次污染,通過食物鏈則會(huì)對(duì)動(dòng)植物造成傷害,另一方面污泥中含有大量的礦物元素(氮,磷,鉀等)和有機(jī)物,這些礦物元素和有機(jī)物可以使土壤有肥力,農(nóng)作物多產(chǎn)。所以去除剩余污泥中的重金屬就變得十分有意義。本實(shí)驗(yàn)以徐州國(guó)禎污水處理廠的剩余污泥為研究對(duì)象,在不同的電解質(zhì),陰極液種類,陰極液p H,電壓梯度,電解時(shí)間的條件下,測(cè)定實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中電流的大小及變化,p H值大小,各區(qū)域金屬含量,金屬去除率以確定實(shí)驗(yàn)的最優(yōu)條件。實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示,實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中的電流變化趨勢(shì)都是實(shí)驗(yàn)一開始迅速升高,達(dá)到峰值,然后緩慢下降至于穩(wěn)定,p H值從陽極向陰極逐漸增大,電解結(jié)束后金屬Cu富集在陰極附近,Cr(Ⅵ)在陽極附近富集。在其他條件相同的情況下,添加電解質(zhì)為磷酸二氫鉀時(shí),金屬的去除率最高,Cu的平均去除率為84.80%,總Cr的去除率為38.80%,Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率為90.86%,陰極液添加緩沖液為醋酸,且維持陰極液的p H為7.5時(shí),金屬的去除率最高,Cu的平均去除率為77.15%.,總Cr的去除率為50.80%。電壓梯度為2V/cm時(shí),金屬的去除率最高,Cu的平均去除率為83.60%,總Cr的去除率為60.94%。電解時(shí)間為60小時(shí),金屬的去除率最高,Cu的平均去除率為83.60%,總Cr的去除率為60.94%。由此得出最優(yōu)電解條件為添加電解液為KH2PO4,陰極加入醋酸-醋酸鈉緩沖液,維持p H值為7.5,電壓梯度為2V/cm,通電時(shí)間為60h時(shí)。由實(shí)驗(yàn)中測(cè)的p H值的變化得出,越靠近陽極的區(qū)域,p H越低,有利于金屬的解析,然后對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),電解30h后移動(dòng)陽極,縮短陰極和陽極之間的距離,保持電解液,陰極液種類和p H值,電壓梯度不變,再電解30h,結(jié)果表明Cu的去除率與固定陽極時(shí)提高了10%,Zn的去除率提高了24%。由實(shí)驗(yàn)得出,在一定范圍內(nèi),隨著施加的電壓梯度越大,金屬的去除率越高,但是電壓梯度過大,容易發(fā)生極化現(xiàn)象,氫析出電壓反應(yīng)了產(chǎn)生極化現(xiàn)象時(shí)的電壓大小,在陰極液中添加有機(jī)物庚烷和環(huán)己烷后,氫析出電壓發(fā)生了改變,從1.42v/cm變?yōu)?.667v/cm,以Zn的去除率為例,加入有機(jī)物電解,去除率由60.94㳠上升到83.70㳠。調(diào)節(jié)試驗(yàn)過程中的電壓,使陰極上始終不產(chǎn)生氣泡(即不產(chǎn)生極化現(xiàn)象)的變壓條件下實(shí)驗(yàn)也可以減輕極化現(xiàn)象,金屬Cu的去除率從83.6%提高到89.78%。金屬Zn的去除率從60.94%提高到75.36%。
[Abstract]:Land use of excess sludge is one of the most suitable methods for sludge disposal in China. In land use, excess sludge contains toxic heavy metals that cause secondary pollution to soil and groundwater, and damage to plants and animals through the food chain. On the other hand, sludge contains a large amount of mineral elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, phosphorus). Potassium and organic matter, these mineral elements and organic matter can make the soil fertility, crop production. Therefore, the removal of heavy metals in excess sludge becomes very meaningful. In this experiment, the excess sludge of Xuzhou Guozhen sewage treatment Plant was studied under the conditions of different electrolytes, kinds of cathodic solution, cathodic solution pH, voltage gradient, electrolysis time, etc. In order to determine the optimum conditions of the experiment, the magnitude of current and the variation of pH value, the metal content in each region and the metal removal rate were measured in order to determine the optimum conditions of the experiment. The experimental results show that the current variation trend in the experimental process is that the current increases rapidly and reaches the peak value at the beginning of the experiment, and then decreases slowly and the steady pH value increases gradually from the anode to the cathode. After electrolysis the metal Cu is enriched near the cathode and the Cr (鈪，

本文編號(hào)：1953603