本文選題：改性稻殼熱解炭(MW-PC) + 孔雀石綠　； 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國每年有大量的生物質(zhì)廢棄物產(chǎn)生,這些廢棄物在進行熱解時會產(chǎn)生副產(chǎn)物—熱解炭,近年關(guān)于熱解炭的利用問題成為研究熱點。熱解炭是一種聚合物,具有較大的比表面積、豐富的孔結(jié)構(gòu)以及含氧官能團,可用作吸附劑去除廢水中污染物,這不僅有助于提高廢物利用率,同時對改善環(huán)境以及提高經(jīng)濟效益都有重要意義。本文以稻殼熱解炭(PC)為原料,通過氯化鈣浸漬—微波輻射的方法對其進行改性得到改性稻殼熱解炭(MW-PC),并以MW-PC為吸附劑對水體中染料(孔雀石綠(MG)、亮綠(LG))和有機物(苯胺、4-氯苯酚)進行吸附研究。通過采用X射線熒光(XRF)、紅外光譜(FT-IR)、掃描電鏡(SEM)、X射線粉末衍射(XRD)以及酸堿滴定等方法對PC和MW-PC的表面結(jié)構(gòu)和表面官能團進行分析。結(jié)果表明改性后,MW-PC表面的孔隙和堿性官能團都有所增多。通過單因素靜態(tài)實驗,對MW-PC吸附單組份體系中染料MG、LG和有機物苯胺、4-氯苯酚進行研究,探討了吸附時間、溶液p H值、吸附劑用量、鹽濃度以及溫度和初始濃度對吸附的影響,并對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行吸附等溫線和動力學(xué)模型分析。對MW-PC吸附雙組份(MG和苯胺)體系進行了研究。結(jié)果如下:(1)MW-PC對單組份體系中MG、LG、苯胺、4-氯苯酚進行吸附研究。MW-PC對MG、LG、苯胺和4-氯苯酚吸附的最佳p H值分別為8.47、3.81、2和2;鹽離子的存在對吸附MG和4-氯苯酚有抑制作用,而對苯胺的吸附則是促進的;低濃度的鹽(0.06 mol/L)有利于對LG的吸附,高鹽度(0.06 mol/L)時對吸附LG有抑制作用。Freundlich吸附等溫模型對MG和LG的吸附平衡數(shù)據(jù)都有較好描述性,MW-PC對苯胺和4-氯苯酚的吸附分別符合Langmuir、Koble-Corrigan、Temkin等溫方程和Langmuir、Temkin模型;MW-PC對四種物質(zhì)的吸附動力學(xué)過程符合準(zhǔn)二級動力學(xué)方程。無水乙醇對吸附飽和MG和苯胺的MW-PC有較好再生效果,0.1 mol/L HNO3可作為LG的再生劑,無水乙醇、H2O以及0.1 mol/L的Na Cl、Ca Cl2、HNO3、Na OH對4-氯苯酚的再生效果皆不明顯。(2)MW-PC對MG和苯胺雙組分的吸附研究結(jié)果:MW-PC對雙組份MG和苯胺的總吸附量大于各自在單組份中的吸附量;MW-PC對MG有較強的親和作用。準(zhǔn)二級和準(zhǔn)一級動力學(xué)模型可分別用來描述MW-PC對混合組分中MG和苯胺的吸附行為以及(MW-PC)-MG對苯胺的吸附行為。綜上所述,MW-PC對單組份體系中MG、LG、苯胺和4-氯苯酚都有較好吸附效果,對雙組份體系MG和苯胺的吸附效果也較佳,可見,MW-PC可以作為一種高效廉價的吸附劑用于處理廢水。
[Abstract]:A large number of biomass wastes are produced every year in China, which produce by-products of pyrolysis carbon. In recent years, the utilization of pyrolytic charcoal has become a hot topic. Carbon is a kind of polymer with large specific surface area, rich pore structure and oxygen containing functional groups, which can be used as adsorbent to remove waste water. Pollutants, which not only help to improve the utilization of waste, but also have important significance to improve the environment and improve the economic benefits. In this paper, the modified rice hull pyrolysis carbon (MW-PC) was modified by the method of calcium chloride impregnation - microwave radiation, and the dye (Peacock) in water (PC) was used as the raw material for the improvement of the environment as well as the economic benefit. The adsorption of green (MG), bright green (LG) and organic compounds (aniline, 4- chlorophenol) was studied. The surface structure and surface functional groups of PC and MW-PC were analyzed by means of X ray fluorescence (XRF), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X ray powder diffraction (XRD) and acid-base titration. The results showed that the pores and pores on the MW-PC surface were modified after modification. A single factor static experiment was carried out to study the adsorption of dye MG, LG, aniline and 4- chlorophenol in the MW-PC adsorption single component system. The effects of adsorption time, P H value, adsorbent amount, salt concentration, temperature and initial concentration on the adsorption were investigated, and the adsorption isotherms and dynamics were carried out on the experimental data. The results are as follows: (1) the adsorption of MG, LG, aniline, 4- chlorophenol in the single component system by the adsorption of MW-PC on the adsorption of MG, LG, aniline and 4- chlorophenol by.MW-PC, the optimal P H values are respectively and 2, and the existence of salt ions has a inhibitory effect on adsorption and chlorophenol. The adsorption of aniline is promoted; low concentration of salt (0.06 mol/L) is beneficial to the adsorption of LG, high salinity (0.06 mol/L) can inhibit the adsorption of LG,.Freundlich adsorption isotherm model for MG and LG adsorption equilibrium data are better descriptive, MW-PC to aniline and 4- chlorophenol, respectively, Langmuir, Koble-Corrigan, Temkin. The isothermal equation and the Langmuir, Temkin model; the adsorption kinetics of the four substances conformed to the quasi two order kinetic equation. The anhydrous ethanol has a better regeneration effect on the adsorption of the MW-PC of the saturated MG and the aniline, and the 0.1 mol/L HNO3 can be used as the regenerative agent for LG, the absolute ethanol, H2O and the Na Cl of the 0.1 mol/L. The results are not obvious. (2) the adsorption of MG and aniline components by MW-PC: the total adsorption of MW-PC on two components MG and aniline is greater than that of each group in the single component; MW-PC has a strong affinity for MG. The quasi two and quasi first order kinetic models can be used to describe the adsorption behavior of MG and aniline in the mixed components by MW-PC, respectively. And (MW-PC) -MG adsorption behavior to aniline. To sum up, MW-PC has good adsorption effect on MG, LG, aniline and 4- chlorophenol in the single component system, and the adsorption effect of MG and aniline is better in the dual component system. It can be seen that MW-PC can be used as a kind of efficient and cheap adsorbent for treating wastewater.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：O647.3;X703

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