本文選題：苧麻 + 鎘吸收��； 參考：《湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：苧麻對(duì)重金屬具有較強(qiáng)的耐受力和吸收能力,是一種修復(fù)重金屬污染土壤潛力較大的目標(biāo)植物。本研究以湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)苧麻陽(yáng)光板溫室為平臺(tái),以苧麻中苧1號(hào)、湘苧3號(hào)、多倍體1號(hào)和湘苧7號(hào)為試驗(yàn)材料,通過(guò)盆栽試驗(yàn)考察鋅、鐵缺失以及鎘、砷復(fù)合污染對(duì)苧麻生長(zhǎng)及吸收積累鎘的影響。主要研究結(jié)果如下：(1)通過(guò)盆栽試驗(yàn)研究了鋅、鐵對(duì)中苧1號(hào)和湘苧3號(hào)吸收及運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)鎘的影響。在鎘脅迫下,供應(yīng)鋅、鐵可以促進(jìn)苧麻的生長(zhǎng)。當(dāng)無(wú)鋅、鐵供應(yīng)時(shí),苧麻株高平均下降了10.24%-21.64%,莖葉干重平均下降了1.02%～6.00%,根干重平均下降了2.04%～12.24%。鋅、鐵顯著影響著苧麻體內(nèi)鎘含量,供應(yīng)鋅、鐵可以抑制苧麻對(duì)鎘的吸收。鋅、鐵缺失會(huì)促使苧麻吸收更多的鎘,其中中苧1號(hào)根、莖、葉中鎘含量分別比對(duì)照高4.98%～14.41%、16.17%～20.06%和5.45%～21.48%,湘苧3號(hào)根、莖、葉中鎘含量分別比對(duì)照高10.65%～27.04%、27.41%～34.13%和14.32%～28.05%。缺鋅和缺鐵顯著增加了苧麻體內(nèi)鎘積累量。在缺鋅處理下,苧麻根和莖葉中鎘積累量均達(dá)到最大值,其中中苧1號(hào)根和莖葉內(nèi)鎘積累量分別比對(duì)照增加了9.73%和21.84%,湘苧3號(hào)根和莖葉內(nèi)鎘積累量分別比對(duì)照增加了21.97%和28.83%。鋅、鐵對(duì)苧麻運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)鎘具有抑制效應(yīng),無(wú)鋅、鐵供應(yīng)會(huì)加劇鎘從苧麻根部向莖葉部運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。在缺鋅和缺鐵處理下,中苧1號(hào)和湘苧3號(hào)TF_(葉/根)(葉、根之間轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)系數(shù))、TF_(莖/根)(莖、根之間轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)系數(shù))比對(duì)照增加了4%-24%。(2)通過(guò)盆栽試驗(yàn)研究了鎘、砷復(fù)合污染對(duì)中苧1號(hào)、湘苧3號(hào)、多倍體1號(hào)和湘苧7號(hào)吸收積累鎘、砷的影響。鎘、砷復(fù)合污染抑制苧麻生長(zhǎng),株高、莖粗、根莖葉生物量下降。當(dāng)污染物中砷濃度為50 mg/kg時(shí),中苧1號(hào)、湘苧3號(hào)根內(nèi)鎘含量有所增加,中苧1號(hào)、湘苧3號(hào)、湘苧7號(hào)莖內(nèi)鎘含量降低,四個(gè)苧麻品種葉內(nèi)鎘含量均提高；當(dāng)污染物中砷濃度達(dá)到100 mg/kg時(shí),苧麻根、莖、葉內(nèi)鎘含量均下降。隨著污染物中砷濃度增加,苧麻根、莖內(nèi)鎘積累量呈下降趨勢(shì),而葉內(nèi)鎘積累量在砷濃度為50 mg/kg處理下增加,在砷濃度為100 mg/kg處理下大幅度下降。在鎘、砷復(fù)合污染下,苧麻地下部砷積累量約是地上部的23-27倍,苧麻莖、葉內(nèi)砷平均積累量相當(dāng),根內(nèi)砷積累量較大。在砷濃度為50 mg/kg處理下,苧麻葉內(nèi)鎘含量及鎘積累量均出現(xiàn)增加趨勢(shì),可能是由于鎘、砷復(fù)合污染加劇了鎘從地下部向地上部的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。當(dāng)處理液中砷濃度達(dá)到100 mg/kg時(shí),苧麻各器官鎘含量及鎘積累量均下降,且湘苧7號(hào)體內(nèi)砷含量也開(kāi)始下降,說(shuō)明在砷濃度為100 mg/kg脅迫下苧麻生長(zhǎng)已經(jīng)受到嚴(yán)重的抑制,各方面生理活性下降。通過(guò)對(duì)農(nóng)藝性狀指標(biāo)分析,初步判斷鎘、砷復(fù)合污染下不同苧麻品種的耐性為中苧1號(hào)多倍體1號(hào)湘苧3號(hào)湘苧7號(hào)。綜上所述,鎘脅迫對(duì)苧麻的生長(zhǎng)有著顯著的影響,鋅、鐵對(duì)苧麻生長(zhǎng)有促進(jìn)作用,能緩解鎘對(duì)苧麻的影響。鋅、鐵能抑制苧麻對(duì)鎘的吸收,且能抑制鎘在苧麻體內(nèi)的轉(zhuǎn)移,緩解鎘對(duì)苧麻產(chǎn)生的毒害作用。鎘、砷復(fù)合污染對(duì)苧麻生長(zhǎng)有著重要的影響,不同苧麻品種在鎘、砷復(fù)合污染下對(duì)鎘、砷的吸收和積累存在著基因型差異。在高濃度砷處理下,苧麻生長(zhǎng)受到嚴(yán)重影響,根、莖、葉內(nèi)鎘含量及鎘積累量均下降。
[Abstract]:Ramie has strong tolerance and absorptive capacity to heavy metals. It is a kind of target plant to repair heavy metal contaminated soil. This study takes ramie sun board greenhouse of Hunan Agricultural University as a platform. It takes ramie No. 1 in ramie, No. 3 of Hunan ramie, polyploid No. 1, and No. 7 of Hunan ramie as test materials. The effects of cadmium and arsenic compound pollution on growth and absorption and accumulation of cadmium in ramie were studied. The main results were as follows: (1) the effects of zinc and iron on the absorption and operation of cadmium in No. 1 and Xiang ramie No. 3 were studied in a pot experiment. The supply of zinc and iron could promote the growth of ramie under cadmium stress. The average height of ramie plant decreased by 10.24%-21.64 when no zinc and iron were supplied. The dry weight of the stem and leaf decreased by 1.02% to 6%, the average root dry weight decreased by 2.04% ~ 12.24%. zinc. Iron significantly affected the cadmium content in the body of ramie. The supply of zinc and iron could inhibit the absorption of cadmium in ramie. Zinc, the loss of iron would promote the absorption of more cadmium in ramie, and the content of cadmium in the No. 1 root, stem and leaf of the middle ramie was 4.98% to 14.41% higher than that of the control, 16.17%, respectively, 16.17%. 16.17% To 20.06% and 5.45% ~ 21.48%, the cadmium content in the root, stem and leaf of Hunan ramie was 10.65% ~ 27.04% higher than that of the control, and the cadmium accumulation in Ramie was significantly increased in 27.41% to 34.13% and 14.32% ~ 28.05%.. The accumulation of cadmium in Ramie root and stem and leaf was reached the maximum under zinc deficiency treatment, and the accumulation of cadmium in the middle ramie and the stems and leaves of ramie were all in the maximum value. The accumulation of cadmium in the root and stem of Hunan ramie increased by 9.73% and 21.84% respectively. The accumulation of cadmium in the root and stem of Hunan ramie increased by 21.97% and 28.83%. zinc respectively. Iron had a inhibitory effect on the operation of cadmium in ramie. No zinc, iron supply would aggravate the operation of cadmium from the root of ramie to the stem and leaf. Under the treatment of zinc deficiency and iron deficiency, middle ramie No. 1 and 3 TF_ (leaf / root) of Hunan Ramie (leaf and root) (leaves and roots) TF_ (stem / root) (stem / root) (stem / root) (stem and root transport coefficient) increased by 4%-24%. (2) compared with the control (2) through pot experiment to study the cadmium, arsenic compound pollution on the No. 1, Hunan ramie No. 3, polyploid 1 and Hunan ramie 7 absorption and accumulation of cadmium, arsenic, the effects of cadmium and arsenic compound pollution restraining ramie growth, plant height, stem diameter, and rhizome leaf biomass decreased. When the concentration of arsenic was 50 mg/kg, the content of cadmium in No. 1 of Zhong ramie and No. 3 of Hunan ramie increased, the cadmium content in the stem of four ramie varieties decreased and the content of cadmium in four ramie varieties decreased. The content of cadmium in the root, stem and leaf of ramie decreased when the concentration of arsenic in the pollutants reached 100. As the concentration of arsenic in the pollutants increased, the root of ramie was increased. The accumulation of cadmium in the stem decreased, but the accumulation of cadmium in the leaves increased under the concentration of 50 mg/kg and decreased greatly under the treatment of arsenic concentration of 100 mg/kg. Under the compound pollution of cadmium and arsenic, the accumulation of arsenic in the lower part of the ramie area was about 23-27 times, the average accumulation of arsenic in the stem of ramie was equal, and the accumulation of arsenic in the root was larger. The cadmium content and the accumulation of cadmium in the leaves of ramie were increased under the 50 mg/kg degree. The cadmium and arsenic compound pollution aggravated the movement of cadmium from the underground to the ground. When the arsenic concentration reached 100 mg/kg, the cadmium content and the accumulation of cadmium in every organ of ramie decreased, and the arsenic content in No. 7 of Hunan ramie began to decrease. The growth of Ramie with arsenic concentration of 100 mg/kg has been severely inhibited and physiological activity decreased in various aspects. Through the analysis of agronomic traits, it is preliminarily determined that the tolerance of Different Ramie Varieties under the compound pollution of cadmium and arsenic is No. 1 polyploid No. 1 Xiang ramie No. 1, No. 3 of Hunan ramie No. 7. Zinc and iron can promote the growth of ramie, which can alleviate the effect of cadmium on ramie. Zinc, iron can inhibit the absorption of cadmium to ramie, and can inhibit the transfer of cadmium in ramie, and alleviate the toxic effect of cadmium on ramie. The compound pollution of cadmium and arsenic has an important influence on the growth of ramie, and the different ramie varieties are contaminated by cadmium and arsenic. There is a genotypic difference in the absorption and accumulation of cadmium and arsenic. The growth of ramie is seriously affected by high concentration of arsenic, and the content of cadmium and the accumulation of cadmium in the root, stem, leaf and leaf are all decreased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X173;X53;S563.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 曹詣;佘瑋;孫敬釗;肖呈祥;趙丹博;崔國(guó)賢;;苧麻修復(fù)重金屬污染土壤研究現(xiàn)狀[J];作物研究;2014年06期

2 佘瑋;崔國(guó)賢;趙丹博;肖呈祥;;鋅、鐵缺失對(duì)苧麻吸收及轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)重金屬鎘的影響[J];農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2014年02期

3 黃閨;孟桂元;陳躍進(jìn);柏連陽(yáng);郭敏;黃小麗;譚潔云;歐陽(yáng)石先;;苧麻對(duì)重金屬鉛耐受性及其修復(fù)鉛污染土壤潛力研究[J];中國(guó)農(nóng)學(xué)通報(bào);2013年20期

4 陳星;文仕知;陳永華;郝君;劉凱;吳子劍;;錳污染土壤滲漏液與徑流生態(tài)攔截凈化系統(tǒng)的植物篩選[J];中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2012年12期

5 曹曉玲;黃道友;朱奇宏;劉守龍;朱光旭;;苧麻對(duì)鎘脅迫的響應(yīng)及其對(duì)其它重金屬吸收能力的研究[J];中國(guó)麻業(yè)科學(xué);2012年04期

6 米艷華;陸琳;鄒炳禮;王樹(shù)會(huì);徐照麗;雷麗萍;;土壤-烤煙系統(tǒng)重金屬?gòu)?fù)合污染的交互作用及其相關(guān)分析[J];江西農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào);2012年01期

7 李圣發(fā);;土壤砷污染及其植物修復(fù)的研究進(jìn)展與展望[J];地球與環(huán)境;2011年03期

8 李圣發(fā);王宏鑌;;土壤砷污染及其修復(fù)技術(shù)的研究進(jìn)展[J];水土保持研究;2011年04期

9 程華麗;;土壤鎘污染及其修復(fù)技術(shù)研究進(jìn)展[J];生物學(xué)教學(xué);2011年08期

10 庹瑞銳;趙運(yùn)林;董萌;劉孝敏;;土壤重金屬鎘、鉛污染的植物修復(fù)技術(shù)研究進(jìn)展[J];貴州農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2011年06期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 何佳麗;楊樹(shù)對(duì)重金屬鎘脅迫的分子生理響應(yīng)機(jī)制研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2014年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 韓少華;幾種植物對(duì)Hg、Cd污染農(nóng)田土壤修復(fù)效果的比較研究[D];東華大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號(hào)：1936507