本文選題：量子點 + 氟離子檢測��； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：氟元素在自然界中分布廣泛且與人體的身心健康密切相關(guān)。我國的地下水中氟超標(biāo)污染地區(qū)主要分布在華北、東北、西北以及偏遠(yuǎn)農(nóng)村地區(qū),該地區(qū)的地理環(huán)境比較復(fù)雜,而地下水作為人們?nèi)粘ｏ嬘盟闹匾獊碓粗?如果水中的氟離子超標(biāo)嚴(yán)重,必然會危害人們的身體健康,進而影響生活質(zhì)量。因此,發(fā)展一種能夠準(zhǔn)確檢測水中氟離子含量的新方法顯得尤為重要。然而,隨著現(xiàn)代社會工業(yè)水平的高速發(fā)展,重金屬污染的問題也越來越嚴(yán)重。由于重金屬離子很難在自然界中自然降解,而且還會在生物體中發(fā)生富集作用,進而引發(fā)各種疾病和痛苦,對人們的生命健康存在潛在的威脅。近年來的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),熒光量子點(QDs)這種新興的無機發(fā)光材料,以其具有的獨特結(jié)構(gòu)和光學(xué)性能,已成為水環(huán)境光學(xué)檢測方面的研究熱點。通過水相合成方法制備的量子點,方法簡單、綠色且廉價,合成的量子點水溶性較好,已成為材料科學(xué)研究的前沿?zé)狳c領(lǐng)域。本研究通過設(shè)計制備了新穎的量子點熒光納米探針,并將其應(yīng)用于水中氟離子和重金屬離子的檢測,取得了快速、靈敏、準(zhǔn)確的檢測效果。主要研究內(nèi)容如下：(1)設(shè)計制備了量子點熒光納米探針：CdTe QDs/AgNPs熒光納米探針,即一種新的用于水中氟離子檢測的探針。將水相合成的CdTe量子點和水熱法合成AgNPs相結(jié)合制備得到。將其用于水中氟離子的檢測,根據(jù)實驗結(jié)果顯示,CdTe QDs/AgNPs熒光納米探針能夠快速、有選擇性的檢測出水中的氟離子,大約需要五分鐘的時間就能檢測出水中的氟離子含量。本文首次選用銀納米顆粒和熒光量子點相結(jié)合,這是一種新型的熒光納米探針,對水中氟離子的檢測具有重要的意義。(2)選用制備的具有親水性質(zhì)的磁性納米顆粒氧化鐵(MION)和量子點(QDs)相結(jié)合,成功制備了CdTe QDs/MION熒光納米探針,這是一種新的磁性可回收的用于水中氟離子檢測的靈敏探針。具有親水性質(zhì)的磁性納米顆粒氧化鐵的合成使其用于水中氟離子檢測成為可能,其和量子點結(jié)合制備CdTe QDs/MON熒光納米探針。這種熒光納米探針在水中的穩(wěn)定性很好,將其用于水中氟離子的檢測,實驗結(jié)果顯示,CdTe QDs/MION熒光納米探針能夠快速、準(zhǔn)確的檢測出水中的氟離子,而且有利于用磁鐵回收。這種新型的磁性熒光納米光學(xué)探針,在水中氟離子檢測中會逐步引起更多的關(guān)注。(3)通過水相合成法制備的CdTe量子點,作為熒光納米探針用于水中三價鐵離子的檢測。實驗結(jié)果顯示,向CdTe量子點溶液中加入Fe3+溶液,CdTe量子點的熒光強度明顯下降,所以,可以選用制備的CdTe量子點用于水中Fe3+的分析檢測。
[Abstract]:Fluorine is widely distributed in nature and is closely related to the physical and mental health of human body. The fluorine excess pollution areas in groundwater in China are mainly distributed in North China, Northeast, Northwest and remote rural areas. The geographical environment in this area is quite complex, and groundwater is one of the important sources of drinking water for people. If the fluoride ion in water exceeds the standard seriously, it will endanger people's health and affect the quality of life. Therefore, it is very important to develop a new method for the accurate detection of fluoride in water. However, with the rapid development of industrial level in modern society, the problem of heavy metal pollution is becoming more and more serious. It is difficult for heavy metal ions to degrade naturally in nature, but also to enrich in organisms, which can lead to various diseases and suffering, and there is a potential threat to people's life and health. In recent years, it has been found that fluorescent quantum dot (QDs), a new inorganic luminescent material, has become a hot spot in the field of optical detection of water environment because of its unique structure and optical properties. The QDs prepared by aqueous phase synthesis method are simple, green and cheap, and the synthesized QDs have good water solubility, which has become a hot research field in material science. In this study, a novel quantum dot fluorescent nanoprobe was designed and applied to the detection of fluorine ions and heavy metal ions in water, and a rapid, sensitive and accurate detection effect was obtained. The main contents of this study are as follows: (1) Quantum dot fluorescent nanowire probe: CdTe QDs/AgNPs, a novel fluorescent nanoprobe for fluorine ion detection in water, has been designed and fabricated. The CdTe quantum dots synthesized in aqueous phase and AgNPs synthesized by hydrothermal method were prepared. According to the experimental results, the fluorine ion in water can be detected quickly and selectively by using the QDs/AgNPs fluorescent nanoprobe. It takes about five minutes to detect the fluorine content in the water. In this paper, silver nanoparticles and fluorescent quantum dots are used for the first time, which is a new type of fluorescent nanowire probe. It is of great significance to detect fluorine ions in water. (2) the hydrophilic magnetic nanocrystalline ferric oxide (mion) and quantum dots (QDs) were used to prepare CdTe QDs/MION fluorescent nanoprobes successfully. This is a new magnetic recoverable sensitive probe for the detection of fluorine ions in water. The synthesis of magnetic nanocrystalline ferric oxide with hydrophilic properties makes it possible to detect fluorine ions in water. It combines with quantum dots to prepare CdTe QDs/MON fluorescent nanoprobes. This kind of fluorescent nanoprobe has good stability in water and is used to detect fluorine ions in water. The experimental results show that the fluorescent nanoprobe can detect fluoride ion in water quickly and accurately, and it is beneficial to the recovery of fluorine ions with magnets. The novel magnetic fluorescent nano-optical probe will gradually attract more attention in the detection of fluorine ions in water. The CdTe quantum dots prepared by aqueous phase synthesis method can be used as fluorescent nanoprobes for the detection of trivalent iron ions in water. The experimental results show that the fluorescence intensity of CdTe quantum dots with Fe3 solution is obviously decreased. Therefore, the CdTe quantum dots can be used for the analysis and detection of Fe3 in water.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X832

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